613

This article is about the year 613. For the number, see 613 (number).

613 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	613 DCXIII
Ab urbe condita	1366
Armenian calendar	62 ԹՎ ԿԲ
Assyrian calendar	5363
Balinese saka calendar	534–535
Bengali calendar	19–20
Berber calendar	1563
Buddhist calendar	1157
Burmese calendar	−25
Byzantine calendar	6121–6122
Chinese calendar	壬申年 (Water  Monkey) 3310 or 3103     — to — 癸酉年 (Water  Rooster) 3311 or 3104
Coptic calendar	329–330
Discordian calendar	1779
Ethiopian calendar	605–606
Hebrew calendar	4373–4374
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	669–670
- Shaka Samvat	534–535
- Kali Yuga	3713–3714
Holocene calendar	10613
Iranian calendar	9 BP – 8 BP
Islamic calendar	9 BH – 8 BH
Japanese calendar	N/A
Javanese calendar	503–504
Julian calendar	613 DCXIII
Korean calendar	2946
Minguo calendar	1299 before ROC 民前1299年
Nanakshahi calendar	−855
Seleucid era	924/925 AG
Thai solar calendar	1155–1156
Tibetan calendar	ཆུ་ཕོ་སྤྲེ་ལོ་ (male Water-Monkey) 739 or 358 or −414     — to — ཆུ་མོ་བྱ་ལོ་ (female Water-Bird) 740 or 359 or −413

Queen Brunhilda of Austrasia is executed

Year 613 ( DCXIII ) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 613 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

• Emperor Heraclius marries his niece Martina; she becomes empress ( Augusta ) of the Byzantine Empire. This second marriage is considered to fall within the prohibited degree of kinship, and is approved by the Catholic Church in Constantinople.
• January 22 – Constantine is crowned co-emperor ( Caesar ) by his father Heraclius and shortly after betrothed to his cousin, Gregoria, daughter of Nicetas. Only 8 months old, Constantine has no real power and his dynastic title is purely ceremonial.
• Byzantine–Persian War: Heraclius appoints himself commander-in-chief, along with his brother Theodore ( curopalates ), to solidify command of the army. ^[1]
• Battle of Antioch: Heraclius mobilises a Byzantine expeditionary force to Antioch (Syria), but is completely defeated outside the city by the Persians. Shahin Vahmanzadegan makes further inroads into Central and Western Anatolia. ^[2] In Syria, Shahrbaraz captures the cities of Damascus, Apamea and Emesa.

Europe

• King Theuderic II dies of dysentery in the Austrasian capital of Metz, while preparing a campaign against his longtime enemy, Chlothar II. His grandmother Brunhilda attempts to establish a third regency for her illegitimate great-grandson Sigebert II.
• Chlothar II reunites the Frankish Kingdom by ordering the murder of Sigebert II. He accuses Brunhilda, age 70, of killing ten kings of the Franks (according to the Liber Historiae Francorum ). She is dragged to death behind a wild horse at Abbeville.

Britain

• Battle of Chester: King Æthelfrith of Northumbria invades Gwynedd (northwest Wales), in order to route out his old enemy, Edwin of Deira. A united Brythonic force (Gwynedd, Powys, Pengwern and Dumnonian warriors) is defeated near Chester. ^[3]

Asia

• Goguryeo–Sui War: Emperor Yángdi crosses the Liao River again, and puts Manchuria under siege. During the campaign Yang Xuangan, an official of the Sui dynasty, starts a rebellion near Luoyang. Fearing attacks from two fronts, Yáng is forced to retreat his army.
• Isanapura becomes the capital of the Cambodian kingdom of Chenla (approximate date).

By topic

Religion

• Islam: Muhammad begins preaching in public. He spreads the message of Islam and encourages a personal devotion to God. Quraysh leaders of Mecca oppose any change in the traditional tribal and religious customs.

Births

• Woncheuk, Korean Buddhist monk (d. 696)
• Aisha, wife of Muhammad (d. 678)

Deaths

• April 22 – Saint Theodore of Sykeon, Byzantine ascetic
• Bledric ap Custennin, king of Dumnonia (England)
• Brunhilda, queen of Austrasia
• Priscus, Byzantine general
• Sigebert II, king of Austrasia
• Theuderic II, king of Austrasia
• Uncelen, Duke of Alemannia (Germany)
• Yang Xuangan, official of the Sui dynasty

References

1. Walter Emil Kaegi (2003), Heraclius, Emperor of Byzantium, Cambridge University Press, p. 75. ISBN   0-521-81459-6
2. Foss 1975.
3. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (E) records this battle under the year 605, but this is considered incorrect; see Michael Swanton's translation of the ASC (1996, 1998, paperback), page 23, note 2. Between 613/616 is the generally accepted date, as first proposed by Charles Plummer, Venerabilis Beda Opera Historica (1896)

Sources

• Foss, Clive (October 1975), "The Persians in Asia Minor and the End of Antiquity", The English Historical Review, 90 (357): 721–747, doi:10.1093/ehr/XC.CCCLVII.721, JSTOR   567292