Woncheuk (613–696) was a Korean Buddhist monk who did most of his writing in China,though his legacy was transmitted by a disciple to Silla. One of the two star pupils of Xuanzang,his works and devotion to the translation projects was revered throughout China and Korea,even reaching Chinese rulers like Emperors Taizong and Gaozong of Tang and Empress Wu of Zhou. [1] His exegetical work was also revered and greatly influenced Tibetan Buddhism and the greater Himalayan region.
Woncheuk was a follower of Paramārtha (499-569) and the Shelun school (攝論宗) of Yogacara. This school defended the view that there was a ninth consciousness called the "pure consciousness" (amalavijñāna),as opposed to just the eight consciousnesses of orthodox Yogacara. This position had been rejected by Xuanzang and Kuiji. [2]
The Zhengzhang Shangfang reconstruction of the Middle Chinese pronunciation of his name is 圓測/ɦˠiuᴇnťʃʰɨk̚/. [3] Woncheuk (pinyin :Yuáncè) was also known as Chinese :西明法師; pinyin :Xīmíng Fǎshī,which is a namesake attributed to the temple of the same name where he did his exegesis.
Korean born,he lived at Xi Ming Temple and studied at the commencement of the Tang dynasty with the great translator and exponent of Yogacara,the well-travelled Xuanzang. Through Xuanzang's tutelage,he focused upon the study of the Yogacara doctrine. Woncheuk authored commentaries on early Indian and Mahayana literature. Woncheuk died in China,in a temple in Loyang. Woncheuk is well known amongst scholars of Tibetan Buddhism and the Himalaya for his Commentary on the Saṃdhinirmocana sūtra. While in Tang China,Woncheuk took as a disciple a Korean-born monk named Dojeung (Chinese :道證),who travelled to Silla in 692 and propounded and propagated Woncheuk's exegetical tradition there where it flourished.
Choo (2006:p. 125) holds that though the Heart Sutra is generally identified as within the auspice of the Second Turning of the Dharmacakra (Sanskrit),Woncheuk in his commentary provides an exegesis from the Third Turning: