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Albury is a village and civil parish in central Surrey, England, around 3.5 miles (5.6 km) east of Guildford. It is in the Surrey Hills National Landscape and the Borough of Guildford.
The civil parish covers an area of 1,628 ha (6.3 sq mi) and includes the settlements of Albury Heath, Farley Green, Little London and Brook. The area is drained by the River Tillingbourne and its tributaries, the Law Brook and the Sherbourne Brook.
Albury civil parish spans the small village and three hamlets, which are Farley Green, Little London and adjacent Brook – spaced out by Albury Heath, Foxholes Wood, small fields and Albury Park. About a third of Blackheath Common on the Greensand Ridge is in the parish, which centrally nestles in the Vale of Holmesdale. The old village lay within what is now Albury Park. Albury new village is at the point where the Sherborne, flowing from near Newlands Corner via the Silent Pool, joins the Tillingbourne that runs through the centre of the village and until the 20th century powered Albury flour mill at the Chilworth edge of the village. The mill is now converted into offices and apartments. There is another watercourse leading into the Tillingbourne at Chilworth, the Law Brook, which the hamlet of Brook is centred on.
The 66-acre (27 ha) Colyers Hanger SSSI, an area of ancient woodland, is in the parish of Albury. [2]
According to the 2011 Census, the population was 1,191. [1] This was an increase of one since 2001 when the population lived in 527 homes (52 of which had their lowest floor level above street level and 298 of which were owner-occupied). While 583 people were economically active: 372 commuted by motor vehicle and 61 commuted by public transport, the average Albury commuter travelled 17 kilometres (11 mi). [3]
The village has a post office and general shop, and the "Drummond at Albury" inn; Little London has another public house the, "William IV", which dates back to the 16th century. [4]
The nearest railway stations are just beyond the borders: Chilworth, 1 mile (1.6 km) west, and Gomshall, 2 miles (3.2 km) east, of the parish boundaries, both on the North Downs Line.
The earliest written record of the village is from Domesday Book of 1086, in which it appears as Eldeberie. It is thought to be the settlement named Ældeburi and Ealdeburi in 13th-century copies of Anglo-Saxon documents from 933 and 1062 respectively, although this identification is not certain. In the 13th century, it is recorded as Aldebir (1242), Aldebiri (1253) and Audeburi (1284); the modern spelling "Albury" first appears in 1487. The name is generally agreed to derive from the Old English words ald (old) and burh (fortification), which may refer to the Romano-British camp at Farley Heath in the south of the civil parish. [5] [6]
The earliest evidence of human activity in the parish is from the Mesolithic. [8] Stone age artefacts found in the area include a flint blade, [9] an axe [10] and a scraper. [11] A small late Bronze Age settlement was excavated in the north of the parish in the 1960s. [12]
Farley Heath, in the southwest of the parish, has remains of a Romano-Celtic temple within a temenos in a clearing by Heath Road containing an inner cella, nearby a pottery kiln and tumbled columns can be seen. [13] [14]
The entry for Albury in Domesday Book indicates that the manor was held by Roger d'Abernon from Richard de Tonebrige. Its assets were: 2½ hides, 1 church, 1 mill worth 5s, 8½ ploughs, 1-acre (4,000 m2) of meadow, woodland worth 30 hogs. It rendered £9. [15] [16]
The medieval village of Albury was clustered around the old church of St Peter and St Paul, which has Saxon origins. [5] [17] In 1842, Henry Drummond moved the rest of the village half a mile westward to what was originally the hamlet of Weston Street, where he also built a new church. [5] [18] The Duke of Northumberland owns the estate – the Mansion was once home to the Duke and Duchess. The gardens are designated Grade I [19] and were designed by author and gardener John Evelyn whose family home was nearby at Wotton, 6 miles (9.7 km) to the east.
Albury village is next to Albury Estate which is an estate of 150 acres (0.61 km2). Within it is the Saxon church, the Mansion or Albury Park House, a Grade II* listed building. [20]
Fishing is available in the stocked Albury Estate ponds at Weston, Vale End, Albury Park and at Powder Mills, Chilworth with the Albury Estate Fisheries club.
Albury Cricket Club play at the Albury Heath ground that adjoins Albury Eagles FC, close to Albury and to Little London in Sandy Lane, the clubs have a combined social events calendar. The football club has several U16, U13 and U9 teams. [21]
The parish of Albury has four churches:
Output area | Detached | Semi -detached | Terraced | Flats and apartments | Caravans mobile homes | Shared housing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Civil Parish) | 235 | 134 | 56 | 51 | 3 | 0 |
The average level of accommodation in the region composed of detached houses was 28%, the average which were apartments was 22.6%.
Output area | Population | Households | Owned outright | Owned with a loan | hectares |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Civil Parish) | 1,191 | 479 | 34.2% | 27.1% | 1,628 |
The proportion of households in the civil parish who owned their home outright compares to the regional average of 35.1%. The proportion who owned their home with a loan compares to the regional average of 32.5%. The remaining % is made up of rented dwellings (plus a negligible % of households living rent-free).
Albury landfill site was granted a waste disposal licence in November 1989. The 56-acre (23 ha) site, a former sand quarry to the north of the village, was adapted to hold household waste in storage cells lined with a waterproof membrane to prevent groundwater contamination. [24] [25] In 2013, the operators were fined for allowing leachate to escape from the site over a four year period. [26] Since 2008, biogas produced by the decaying waste has been collected for use as a vehicle fuel. [27] [28]
Ockham is a rural and semi-rural village in the borough of Guildford in Surrey, England. The village starts immediately east of the A3 but the lands extend to the River Wey in the west where it has a large mill-house. Ockham is between Cobham and East Horsley.
Shalford is a village and civil parish in the Guildford district, in Surrey, England on the A281 Horsham road immediately south of Guildford. It has a railway station which is between Guildford and Dorking on the Reading to Gatwick Airport line. In 2011 the parish had a population of 4,142.
Chobham is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Surrey Heath in Surrey, England.
Farley Green is a small hamlet of Albury in the Greensand Ridge where it forms the south of the Surrey Hills AONB, to the south east of Guildford.
Boxford is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of West Berkshire, England. The village is on the east bank of the River Lambourn, about 4 miles (6.4 km) northwest of Newbury but south of the M4 motorway. The hamlet of Westbrook is on the opposite bank of the Berkshire Downs tributary.
Walton-on-the-Hill is a village in the Reigate and Banstead district, in the county of Surrey, England. It is midway between the market towns of Reigate and Epsom. The village is a dispersed cluster on the North Downs centred less than one mile inside of the M25 motorway. The village hosts the Walton Heath Golf Club, whose former members include King Edward VIII, Winston Churchill and David Lloyd George.
Shere is a village in the Guildford district of Surrey, England 4.8 miles (7.7 km) east south-east of Guildford and 5.4 miles (8.7 km) west of Dorking, centrally bypassed by the A25. Located on the River Tillingbourne it is a small still partly agricultural village chiefly set in the wooded Vale of Holmesdale between the North Downs and Greensand Ridge. As of 2011 the village had a population of 1,032.
Chilworth is a village in the Guildford borough of Surrey, England. It is located in the Tillingbourne valley, southeast of Guildford.
St Martha's Hill is a landmark in St Martha in Surrey, England between the town of Guildford and village of Chilworth. It is the 18th highest hill in the county and on the Greensand Ridge, in this case at the closest point to the North Downs, commencing to the immediate north at the Guildown-Merrow Down in the parishes of Guildford and Merrow. The top of the hill provides a semi-panorama of Newland's Corner also in the Surrey Hills AONB. Its church is the main amenity of the small parish extending to the south into the streets of Chilworth, with some medieval stone incorporations from a 12th-century predecessor and is a wedding venue mainly to outside the sparsely populated parish.
Buckland is a village and civil parish in the Mole Valley district of Surrey, England, between Dorking and Reigate, its nearest towns. The civil parish is bordered by the North Downs escarpment in the north. The area contains a number of sand pits.
Headley is a village and civil parish in the North Downs in Surrey, England. The nearest settlements are, to the west, Mickleham and Leatherhead; to the north, Ashtead and Langley Vale; to the east, Walton-on-the-Hill; and to the south, Box Hill. It is just outside the M25 motorway encircling London.
Farleigh is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Chelsham and Farleigh in the Tandridge district of Surrey, England. It is located in the North Downs AONB and the Metropolitan Green Belt, 4.5 miles (7.2 km) south east of Croydon, 13.4 miles (21.6 km) south of London and 25 miles (40 km) WNE of Surrey's county town, Guildford. In 1961 the parish had a population of 1285.
Gomshall is a village in the borough of Guildford in Surrey, England.
The River Tillingbourne runs along the south side of the North Downs and joins the River Wey at Guildford. Its source is a mile south of Tilling Springs to the north of Leith Hill at grid reference TQ143437 and it runs through Friday Street, Abinger Hammer, Gomshall, Shere, Albury, Chilworth and Shalford. The source is a semi-natural uninhabited area. The catchment is situated on sandstone which has a low rate of weathering. The Tillingbourne is 24 km (15 mi) in length.
Albury Park is a country park and Grade II* listed historic country house in Surrey, England. It covers over 150 acres (0.61 km2); within this area is the old village of Albury, which consists of three or four houses and a church. The River Tillingbourne runs through the grounds. The gardens of Albury Park are Grade I listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.
St Martha is a hillside, largely wooded, small civil parish in the Guildford borough of Surrey towards the narrower part of the west half of the North Downs. It includes three homes north of St Martha's Hill, a southern knoll of the range of hills but almost all its population is south of this, in much of the village of Chilworth which is divided between St Martha's and Shalford parishes. Chilworth gunpowder works mark the southern border of the entity, and are a well-preserved, publicly accessible area of riverside former industry.
Busbridge is a village in the civil parish of Godalming, in the borough of Waverley in Surrey, England that adjoins the town of Godalming. It forms part of the Waverley ward of Bramley, Busbridge and Hascombe. It was until the Tudor period often recorded as Bushbridge and was a manor and hamlet of Godalming until gaining an ecclesiastical parish in 1865 complemented by a secular, civil parish in 1933. Gertrude Jekyll lived at Munstead Wood in the Munstead Heath locality of the village. Philip Carteret Webb and Chauncy Hare Townshend, the government lawyer/antiquarian and poet respectively owned its main estate, Busbridge House, the Busbridge Lakes element of which is a private landscape garden and woodland that hosts a wide range of waterfowl. On 1 April 2024 the parish of "Busbridge" was renamed to "Munstead and Tuesley".
Old St Peter and St Paul's Church is a former Anglican church near the village of Albury, Surrey, England in the care of The Churches Conservation Trust. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building. The church stands in Albury Park, to the northwest of Albury Hall, and between the villages of Albury and Shere.
The Law Brook or Postford Brook is a stream in the Surrey Hills AONB which feeds the Tillingbourne which in turn feeds the River Wey. It is notable in its own right chiefly for its industrial vestiges and records.