Annona montana

Annona montana
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) [1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Magnoliids
Order:	Magnoliales
Family:	Annonaceae
Genus:	Annona
Species:	A. montana
Binomial name
Annona montana Macfad.
Synonyms
Annona marcgraviiMart. [2] Annona muricataVell. Annona pisonisMart. Annona sphaerocarpa [3]

Ripening fruit, in Pernambuco, Brazil

Annona montana, the mountain soursop, is a tree and its edible fruit in the Annonaceae family native to Central America, the Amazon, and islands in the Caribbean. It has fibrous fruits. ^[4] A. montana may be used as a rootstock for cultivated Annonas. ^[5]

Etymology and common names

The Latin specific epithet montana refers to mountains or "coming from mountains". ^[6]

• English: mountain soursop, mountain sop, wild soursop
• Czech : mountain soursop
• German : Schleimapfel
• Spanish : guanábana cimarrona, guanábana, guanábana de loma, guanábana de monte, guanábana de perro, taragus, turagua
• French : corossolier bâtard
• Guarani : araticu
• Hungarian : hegyi annóna
• Portuguese : araticum, araticum açú, araticum apé
• Slovak : anona ^{[7] [8]}

Description

The tree is similar to Annona muricata , but has a more spreading crown and glossy leaves. It is slightly hardier and bears fruit throughout the year. ^[9] It tolerates brief temperature drops down to 24 °F (−4 °C) when full grown. ^[10] Its pollen is shed as permanent tetrads. ^[11] The fruits are nearly round, with dark green skin covered with many short fleshy spines, and are about 15 centimetres (5.9 in) long. Yellow, fibrous pulp – which is aromatic – is sour and bitter, containing many light-brown, plump seeds. ^[9] There is history of its use as a traditional medicine. ^[9]

Distribution

A. montana grows wild at altitudes from 0 metres (0 ft) to 650 metres (2,130 ft). ^[9] Its natural distribution is:

Caribbean: West Indies

Central America: Costa Rica, Panama

South America: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Brazil ^{[2] [12]}

United States: Southern Florida ^[9]

See also

• List of plants of Amazon Rainforest vegetation of Brazil

References

1. Verspagen, N.; Erkens, R.H.J. (2020). "Annona montana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020 e.T142423951A142423971. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T142423951A142423971.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
2. "Annona montana". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 2008-04-18.
3. W3tropicos. "Annona montana Macfad". Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Retrieved 2008-04-18.
4. Cassidy, Frederic Gomes (2002) [1967]. "Mountain Witch". A Dictionary of Jamaican English. University of the West Indies Press. ISBN   976-640-127-6.
5. Llamas, Kirsten Albrecht (2003). "Annonaceae". Tropical Flowering Plants: A Guide to Identification and Cultivation. University of the West Indies Press. ISBN   0-88192-585-3.
6. Archibald William Smith A Gardener's Handbook of Plant Names: Their Meanings and Origins , p. 239, at Google Books
7. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2007-11-21). "Thesaurus, FAO". AGROVOC. United Nations . Retrieved 2008-04-18.
8. Bioversity International. "Result set for: Annonaceae Annona montana". New World Fruits Database. Retrieved 2008-04-18.^{[ dead link ]}
9. Morton, Julia F (1999-04-02). "Wild Custard Apple". New Crops. Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University. pp. 86–88. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 2008-04-18.
10. "Mountain Soursop - Annona montana". Trade Winds Fruit. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
11. Tsou, C.-H.; Fu, Y.-L. (2002). "Tetrad pollen formation in Annona (Annonaceae): proexine formation andbinding mechanism". American Journal of Botany. 89 (5): 734–747. Bibcode:2002AmJB...89..734T. doi:10.3732/ajb.89.5.734. ISSN   0002-9122. PMID   21665673.
12. "Annona montana". Useful Tropical Plants. Retrieved 15 February 2019.

Data related to Annona montana at Wikispecies