Artemisia frigida

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Artemisia frigida
Artemisia frigida NPS-1.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Artemisia
Species:
A. frigida
Binomial name
Artemisia frigida

Artemisia frigida is a widespread species of flowering plant in the aster family, which is known as the sunflower family. It is native to Europe, Asia, and much of North America. [1] [2] In parts of the north-central and northeastern United States it is an introduced species. [3] [4]

Contents

Names

Common names include fringed sagebrush, prairie sagewort, arctic sage and pasture sage. The plant is not, however, closely related to the true sages Salvia .

In the Zuni language this plant is called to'shoeha'chikĭa, meaning "seeds leaf sweet". [5]

Description

Artemisia frigida is a perennial plant [1] with a woody base. [3] The stems spread out, generally forming a mat or clump up to 40 centimetres (1.3 ft) tall. The stems are covered in lobed gray-green leaves which are coated in silvery hairs. The inflorescence contains many spherical flower heads each about half a centimeter wide and lined with woolly-haired, gray-green or brownish phyllaries. The flower heads contain several pistillate ray florets and many bisexual disc florets. The plant is aromatic, with a strong scent. [1] [3] This plant can make a great many seeds. [6] It can also spread by layering; in some years it produces very few seeds. [3]

Artemisia frigida is common and dominant or codominant in many areas, especially in dry and disturbed habitat types. It is common in the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains in North America, where it occurs in grasslands, shrublands, and woodlands, among others. It has a tendency to increase in areas that have been heavily grazed by livestock. Overgrowth of the plant is sometimes an indicator of overgrazing on rangeland. [3] It sometimes becomes an aggressive weed. [6] [7] Ranchers have considered the plant to be both an adequate forage species and a worthless nuisance species. Artemisia frigida's common name is wild sage. Sometimes known as prairie sage and sagewort.

Cultivation

Artemisia frigida is cultivated for its foliage effects, and has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. [8] The wildflower cultivation author Claude A. Barr expressed the opinion that it and Artemisia longifolia were the only two species of Artemisia that could be safely taken into a garden. The other species such as Artemisia tridentata , being too aggressive in spreading. [9]

Artemisia frigida is also used in landscaping and for erosion control and revegetation of rangeland. [3] It is drought-resistant. [6] [10]

Ecology and uses

A number of wild animals consume the plant, including white-tailed jackrabbits and sage grouse. [3]

Artemisia frigida has a variety of uses for Indigenous peoples of North America. [11] It is used medicinally for coughs, colds, wounds, and heartburn by the Blackfoot. The Cree people use it for headache and fever and the Tewa people took it for gastritis and indigestion. It also has ceremonial and veterinary applications, including for the Blackfoot, who reportedly used the crushed leaves to "revive gophers after children clubbed them while playing a game". [12] Among the Zuni, the whole plant is made into an infusion for colds. Sprigs of this plant and corn ears are attached to decorated tablets and carried by female dancers in a drama. The sprigs are also dipped in water and planted with corn so the corn will grow abundantly. [13]

Mongol herders from the Bairin Right Banner and Bairin Left Banner of Inner Mongolia prepare a water-based decoction using fresh or dried Artemisia frigida with Sabina vulgaris , Sanguisorba officinalis , Rhododendron micranthum , and Ephedra sinica to treat joint pain. [14]

Related Research Articles

<i>Artemisia</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants in the daisy family Asteraceae

Artemisia is a large, diverse genus of plants belonging to the daisy family Asteraceae, with between 200 and 400 species. Common names for various species in the genus include mugwort, wormwood, and sagebrush.

<i>Artemisia tridentata</i> Species of plant

Artemisia tridentata, commonly called big sagebrush, Great Basin sagebrush or simply sagebrush, is an aromatic shrub from the family Asteraceae.

<i>Bouteloua gracilis</i> Species of grass

Bouteloua gracilis, the blue grama, is a long-lived, warm-season (C4) perennial grass, native to North America.

<i>Artemisia californica</i> Species of plant

Artemisia californica, also known as California sagebrush, is a species of western North American shrub in the sunflower family.

<i>Symphyotrichum puniceum</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to North America

Symphyotrichum puniceum, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to eastern North America. It is commonly known as purplestem aster, red-stalk aster, red-stemmed aster, red-stem aster, and swamp aster. It also has been called early purple aster, cocash, swanweed, and meadow scabish.

<i>Artemisia douglasiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Artemisia douglasiana, known as California mugwort, Douglas's sagewort, or dream plant, is a western North American species of aromatic herb in the sunflower family.

<i>Artemisia pycnocephala</i> Species of flowering plant

Artemisia pycnocephala is a North American species of sagebrush in the sunflower family, known by the common names beach wormwood, sandhill sage, and coastal sagewort.

<i>Gaillardia aristata</i> Species of flowering plant

Gaillardia aristata is a North American species of flowering plant in the sunflower family, known by the common names common blanketflower and common gaillardia. This perennial wildflower is widespread across much of North America, from Yukon east to Québec and south as far as California, Arizona, Illinois, and Connecticut, although it may be naturalized rather than native in parts of that range. It is also naturalized in scattered locations in Europe, Australia, and South America.

<i>Gutierrezia sarothrae</i> Species of flowering plant

Gutierrezia sarothrae is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names broom snakeweed, broomweed, snakeweed, and matchweed. It is a subshrub native to much of the western half of North America, from western Canada to northern Mexico, and can be found in a number of arid, grassland, and mountain habitats. It can be toxic to livestock in large quantities, due mainly to the presence of saponins.

<i>Artemisia campestris</i> Species of flowering plant

Artemisia campestris is a common and widespread species of plants in the sunflower family, Asteraceae. It is native to a wide region of Eurasia and North America. Common names include field wormwood, beach wormwood, northern wormwood, Breckland wormwood, boreal wormwood, Canadian wormwood, field sagewort and field mugwort.

<i>Artemisia ludoviciana</i> Species of plant

Artemisia ludoviciana is a North American species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae, known by several common names, including silver wormwood, western mugwort, Louisiana wormwood, white sagebrush, lobed cud-weed, prairie sage, and gray sagewort.

<i>Artemisia bigelovii</i> Species of flowering plant

Artemisia bigelovii is a North American species of sagebrush known by the common name Bigelow sagebrush or flat sagebrush. It grows in the deserts of the southwestern United States.

<i>Artemisia palmeri</i> Species of tree

Artemisia palmeri is a rare species of sagebrush known by the common names San Diego sagewort and Palmer sagewort.

<i>Artemisia suksdorfii</i> Species of flowering plant

Artemisia suksdorfii is a North American species of sagebrush in the sunflower family. It is known by the common names coastal mugwort, coastal wormwood, and Suksdorf sagewort. It is native to coastal regions from British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and northern California as far south as Sonoma County, with isolated populations on Santa Catalina Island in Los Angeles County.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sagebrush</span> Index of plants with the same common name

Sagebrush is the common name of several woody and herbaceous species of plants in the genus Artemisia. The best known sagebrush is the shrub Artemisia tridentata. Sagebrushes are native to the North American west.

<i>Zinnia grandiflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Zinnia grandiflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names Rocky Mountain zinnia and plains zinnia. It is native to the southwestern and south-central United States and northern Mexico. Zinnia Grandiflora is used by many Native American tribes for its medicinal properties as well as for its vibrant yellow color for paint and dyes. there have also been experiments done using Zinnia Grandiflora to understand the extent of its healing abilities.

<i>Artemisia filifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Artemisia filifolia, known by common names including sand sagebrush, sand sage and sandhill sage, is a species of flowering plant in the aster family. It is native to North America, where it occurs from Nevada east to South Dakota and from there south to Arizona, Chihuahua, and Texas.

<i>Eriogonum niveum</i> Species of wild buckwheat

Eriogonum niveum is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family known by the common name snow buckwheat. It is native to the Pacific Northwest of North America, where it occurs in British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. It flowers late in the summer.

<i>Artemisia carruthii</i> Species of flowering plant

Artemisia carruthii, common name Carruth's sagewort or Carruth wormwood, is a North American species of shrubs in the daisy family native to much of south-central and southwestern United States. There are reports of a few naturalized populations in Missouri, the Great Lakes Region, and Rhode Island. It is also native to the States of Chihuahua and Sonora in northern Mexico.

<i>Calyptocarpus vialis</i> Species of plant

Calyptocarpus vialis is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. Common names for C. vialis include straggler daisy, horseherb, lawnflower, and creeping Cinderella-weed. It is native to south Texas, Mexico, Belize, Venezuela, and the Caribbean. It has also been introduced east of Texas, Argentina, Hawaii, India, Java, Australia, and Taiwan. It is one of only three species in the genus Calyptocarpus.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Shultz, Leila M. (2006). "Artemisia frigida". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 19. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  2. Lin, Yourun; Humphries, Christopher J.; Gilbert, Michael G. "Artemisia frigida". Flora of China via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 McWilliams, Jack (2003). "Artemisia frigida". Fire Effects Information System (FEIS). US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service (USFS), Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Retrieved December 30, 2011.
  4. "Artemisia frigida". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  5. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe (1915). "Ethnobotany of the Zuñi Indians". Thirtieth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Bureau of American Ethnology: 42. hdl:10088/91736. Archived from the original on 2023-12-04. Retrieved 2023-11-21.
  6. 1 2 3 Peat, H. C. & G. G. Bowes (1994). "Management of fringed sagebrush (Artemisia frigida) in Saskatchewan". Weed Technology. 8 (3): 553–558. doi:10.1017/S0890037X00039671. JSTOR   3988028. S2CID   89470040.
  7. Wilson, R. G. (1982). "Germination and seedling development of fringed sagebrush (Artemisia frigida)". Weed Science. 30 (1): 102–105. doi:10.1017/S0043174500026266. JSTOR   4043228. S2CID   182782848.
  8. "RHS Plant Selector - Artemisia frigida" . Retrieved 21 July 2013.
  9. Barr, Claude A. (1983). Jewels of the plains : wild flowers of the Great Plains grasslands and hills. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. pp. 29–30. ISBN   0-8166-1127-0.
  10. "Artemisia frigida" (PDF). US Forest Service. Retrieved December 30, 2011.
  11. "Artemisia frigida" (PDF). USDA NRCS Plant Guide. Retrieved 2011-12-30.
  12. Artemisia frigida. University of Michigan Ethnobotany. Retrieved December 30, 2011.
  13. "BRIT - Native American Ethnobotany Database".
  14. Wurchaih; Huar; Menggenqiqig; Khasbagan (2019). "Medicinal wild plants used by the Mongol herdsmen in Bairin Area of Inner Mongolia and its comparative study between TMM and TCM". Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine. 15 (32): 32. doi: 10.1186/s13002-019-0300-9 . PMC   6609360 . PMID   31269968.