Astacus is a genus of crayfish found in Europe, comprising three extant (living) species and three extinct fossil species.
Pontastacus is a genus of freshwater crayfish native to eastern Europe and western Asia, but also introduced elsewhere.
Astacoidea is superfamily of freshwater crayfish that live in the Northern Hemisphere. The other superfamily of crayfish, Parastacoidea, lives in the Southern Hemisphere. Astacoidea consists of three families: Astacidae, Cambaridae, and Cambaroididae. Crayfish are closely related to lobsters, as shown in the simplified cladogram below:
Astacidea is an infraorder of decapod crustaceans including lobsters, crayfish, and their close relatives.
Astacidae is a family of freshwater crayfish native to Europe, western Asia and western North America. The family is made up of four extant (living) genera: The genera Astacus, Pontastacus, and Austropotamobius are all found throughout Europe and parts of western Asia, while Pacifastacus is native to western United States and British Columbia, but has also been introduced elsewhere.
The Cambaridae are the largest of the four families of freshwater crayfish, with over 400 species. Most of the species in the family are native the United States east of the Great Divide and Mexico, but fewer range north to Canada, and south to Guatemala and Honduras. Three live on the island of Cuba. The species in the genus Cambaroides are the only found outside North America, as they are restricted to eastern Asia.
Austropotamobius torrentium, also called the stone crayfish, is a European species of freshwater crayfish in the family Astacidae. It is mostly found in tributaries of the Danube, having originated in the northern part of the Balkan Peninsula.
Cambarus chaugaensis, the Chauga crayfish or Chauga River crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to the Carolinas in the United States of America. The common and scientific names refer to the Chauga River of South Carolina, where the first specimens were collected.
Cambarus coosawattae, the Coosawattae crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Georgia. The common name refers to the Coosawattee River, with the original specimens being collected in the Cartecay River which combines with another river to form the Coosawattee.
Cambarus howardi, the Chattahoochee crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in North America. The common name refers to the Chattahoochee River, where the first specimens were collected.
Lacunicambarus miltus, the rusty gravedigger, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in the southeastern United States.
Cambarus scotti, the Chattooga River crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Alabama and Georgia. The common name refers to the Chattooga River. The original specimens were collected from Clarks Creek in Chattooga County.
Distocambarus youngineri, the Newberry burrowing crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to South Carolina. The common name refers to Newberry county, where the original specimens were found.
Fallicambarus harpi, the Ouachita burrowing crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is known only in southwest Arkansas. The species is a primary burrower, located in low lying seepage areas in pastures, yards and lawns.
Lacunicambarus acanthura, the thornytail crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in the southeastern United States.
Faxonius erichsonianus is a species in the family Cambaridae ("crayfishes"), in the order Decapoda. A common name for Faxonius erichsonianus is reticulate crayfish. Faxonius erichsonianus is found in the south eastern United States of America.
Austropotamobius bihariensis is a species of crayfish in the family Astacidae. It is known to exist only in Romania being restricted to the rivers in the western Apuseni Mountains. Its proposed English common name is idle crayfish. It is supposed to have diverged/split ~15 Ma old from a common relative of A. torrentium from the Dinarides and evolved isolated due to the historically tectonic north-eastern movement of Tisza-Dacia mega-unit through the Pannonian Basin, during the Miocene. The molecular divergence in 582 base length nucleotides of COI mtDNA sequences is supported by 43 mutational steps, a differentiation of 7.4% from the sister clade of A. torrentium located in north-western Dinarides
Lacunicambarus is a genus of burrowing crayfishes in the family Cambaridae. There are currently 12 described species in Lacunicambarus, all of which are found east of the Continental Divide in North America. The genus was first recognized in 2018 when it was discovered through genetic analyses that the Cambarus subgenera Lacunicambarus and Tubericambarus were not monophyletic on their own, but that when combined they formed a single monophyletic group distinct from Cambarus. A 2022 study used anchored hybrid enrichment to resolve the Lacunicambarus phylogeny, which elucidated interspecific relationships and highlighted remaining undescribed diversity within the genus.
Creaserinus is a genus of Digger Crayfish in the family Cambaridae. There are about 15 described species in Creaserinus, found in North America.
Samastacus is a genus of southern crayfish in the family Parastacidae. It has a single species, Samastacus spinifrons.
