Avivim school bus bombing

Avivim school bus bombing
Part of the Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon
Avivim school bus
The attack site
Location	Near Avivim, northern Israel
Coordinates	33°03′43″N35°25′24″E / 33.06194°N 35.42333°E / 33.06194; 35.42333
Date	22 May 1970;55 years ago (1970-05-22)
Target	Israeli school bus
Attack type	Ambush
Weapons	Rocket propelled grenades, gunfire
Deaths	12 civilians (including 9 children)
Injured	25
Perpetrator	PFLP-GC [1]

The Avivim school bus bombing was a terrorist attack on an Israeli school bus on 22 May 1970, in which 12 civilians were killed, nine of them children, and 25 were wounded, one of whom died of a wound sustained in the attack 44 years later. The attack took place on the road to Moshav Avivim, near Israel's border with Lebanon. Two rocket-propelled grenades were fired at the bus. ^[2] The attack was one of the first carried out by the PFLP-GC. ^[1]

Attack

Early in the morning, the bus departed from Avivim heading with its passengers to two local schools. This route had been scouted by the Palestinian militants, believed to have infiltrated from Lebanon, and an ambush was set up. As the bus passed by, ten minutes after leaving Avivim, it was attacked by heavy gunfire from both sides of the road. The driver was among those hit in the initial barrage, ^[3] as were the two other adults on board. The three were killed as the bus crashed into an embankment as the attackers continued firing into the vehicle.

The attackers were never apprehended.^{[ citation needed ]}

Fatalities

The children, who were in first to third grade, were buried in a special plot in Safed. A monument commemorating the victims of the attack stands in the middle of the moshav. ^[4]

Ester Avikezer, 23 [5] Yehuda Ohayon, 10 [6] Yafa Batito, 8 [7] Mimon Biton, 7 [8] Haviva Biton, 7 [9] Hanna Biton, 8 [10]

Shimon Biton, 9 [11] Shulamit Biton, 9 [12] Makhlouf Biton, 28 [13] Aliza Peretz, 14 [14] Rami Yarkoni, 29 [15] Shimon Azran, 35 [16]

Leah Revivo, who survived the attack at age nine, died in 2014 at age 52 from an infection brought on by a piece of shrapnel lodged in her brain as a result of the attack. ^[17]

Aftermath

In response to the ambush, Israel launched artillery strikes on southern Lebanon, killing twenty civilians, wounding forty, and prompting thousands of residents to flee north. ^{[18] [19]} The IDF also began conducting regular armored patrols inside southern Lebanon. ^[18] These events were later cited as one of the motivations for the Dawson's Field hijackings of 6 September 1970. ^[19]

References

1. Yodfat, Aryeh; Arnon-Oḥanah, Yuval (1981). PLO Strategy and Politics. Croom Helm. ISBN   9780709929017 . Retrieved 16 December 2014.
2. Izenberg, Dan (20 July 2006). "Moshav Avivim still stands determined during tensions". The Jerusalem Post . Archived from the original on 22 June 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
3. As history repeats ^{[ dead link ]}
4. "Moshav Center". ezy.co.il. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011.
5. "אסתר אביקזר ז"לבת עישה ובנימין" [Esther Avikzar, daughter of Aisha and Benjamin]. laad.btl.gov.il (in Hebrew). Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
6. "יהודה אוחיון ז"לבן סוליקה ויעיש" [Yehuda Ohayon, Z"lavan, Solika and Yaish]. laad.btl.gov.il (in Hebrew). Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
7. "יפה בטיטו ז"לבת סימי ודניאל" [In memory of Tito Zalvat]. laad.btl.gov.il (in Hebrew). Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
8. "אזרחים חללי פעולות איבה – חיפוש לפי שם, אירוע או מקום מגורים – מימון ביטון ז"ל". Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
9. "אזרחים חללי פעולות איבה – חיפוש לפי שם, אירוע או מקום מגורים – חביבה ביטון ז"ל". Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
10. "אזרחים חללי פעולות איבה – חיפוש לפי שם, אירוע או מקום מגורים – חנה ביטון ז"ל". Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
11. "אזרחים חללי פעולות איבה – חיפוש לפי שם, אירוע או מקום מגורים – שמעון ביטון ז"ל". Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
12. "אזרחים חללי פעולות איבה – חיפוש לפי שם, אירוע או מקום מגורים – שולמית ביטון ז"ל". Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
13. "אזרחים חללי פעולות איבה – חיפוש לפי שם, אירוע או מקום מגורים – מכלוף ביטון ז"ל". Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
14. "אזרחים חללי פעולות איבה – חיפוש לפי שם, אירוע או מקום מגורים – עליזה פרץ ז"ל". Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
15. "אזרחים חללי פעולות איבה – חיפוש לפי שם, אירוע או מקום מגורים – רמי ירקוני גרינרז"ל". Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
16. "נזכור את כולם". Archived from the original on 5 August 2012. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
17. "Israeli Mom Dies of Shrapnel Infection from 1970 School Bus Massacre".
18. Morris, Benny (25 May 2011). Righteous Victims. Knopf Doubleday Publishing. pp. 372–373. ISBN   9780307788054 . Retrieved 16 December 2014.
19. Dolnik, Adam (2007). Understanding Terrorist Innovation. Routledge. ISBN   9780415423519 . Retrieved 16 December 2014.