Brooklyn drill

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Brooklyn drill is a regional subgenre of drill music, which is a subgenre of rap music. It centered in Brooklyn, New York, that began as derivative of the drill music scene in Chicago and later became derivative of UK drill with its 808 percussion and sliding notes by producers from the UK drill scene. [1] [2] [3] Brooklyn drill emerged around 2014 with the single "Hot Nigga" from the rapper Bobby Shmurda. [4] [5] Other early contributors were Rowdy Rebel, Envy Caine, Jezz Gasoline, Bam Bino, Money Millz, Dah Dah and Curly Savv. [6]

Contents

In 2019, the subgenre was repopularized in the mainstream by American rapper Pop Smoke. [7] [8] [9] With the success of his mixtapes, particularly the songs "Dior" and "Welcome to the Party", Pop Smoke introduced Brooklyn drill into the mainstream music industry. [10] [11] [12]

History

Brooklyn drill music first gained attention with the 2014 single "Hot Nigga" from the rapper Bobby Shmurda. [4] [5] Other early pioneers were rappers Bam Bino, Dah Dah and Curly Savv. [6] The genre is agreed to have been driven by 22Gz and Sheff G, largely scaling the potential of the movement. [13] The music became more popular and associated with UK drill production (from producers such as 808Melo, AXL Beats, and Ghosty) with the releases of 22Gz's "Suburban" in 2016 and Sheff G's "No Suburban" in 2017. Both songs went viral and were credited for the rise of Brooklyn drill. [14] [15]

Brooklyn drill music reached mainstream Billboard Hot 100 success with tracks from Pop Smoke ("Welcome to the Party", "Dior", and "Gatti") and Fivio Foreign ("Big Drip" and "Demons"). [16] [17] [18] Pop Smoke was nominated for a 2021 Grammy Award for "Dior." [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] After Pop Smoke's 2020 murder in the Hollywood Hills, Brooklyn drill would continue to evolve. [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] With the groundwork Pop Smoke laid, the broader drill scene of Brooklyn began to emerge. [29] One example is Staten Island rapper CJ, whose hit song "Whoopty" is reminiscent of the Brooklyn drill sound. [30]

Characteristics

The Brooklyn drill sound is a combination of trap, Chicago drill and UK drill (the latter of which brings production influences from grime and UK garage). [31] Characteristic features of Brooklyn drill production include distorted 808 percussions with vocal sampling from other popular tracks. [32] [33] Brooklyn drill lyrics tend to be dark, violent, and street-oriented, often discussing gang-related topics.

Criticism

In 2022, some drew connections between the glorification of gun violence in the genre to real-world gun violence on the streets of New York that had resulted in the deaths of a number of young drill artists, mostly those with origins of Brooklyn and the Bronx. [34] [35] [36] [37] [38]

The same year, several prominent New York DJs said they would stop playing gang/diss records in response to the deaths of a growing number of young people involved in the drill scene. [39] [40] [41]

In February 2022, NYC mayor Eric Adams directed some venue promoters not to allow drill music to be performed at festivals in the city following the killing of 18-year-old rapper C-HII Wvttz. [42] Adams met with musicians for a conversation on how to approach concerns about drill culture's connections, if any, to gun violence. Artists at the meeting included Maino, Fivio Foreign, B-Lovee, CEO Slow, Bucksy Luciano and Bleezy. [43]

Bronx drill

Bronx drill [44] is a subgenre of Brooklyn drill music, which uses uncleared samples of older records instead of synthesizers like in Brooklyn drill. [45]

Bronx drill originated during the early 2020s in New York (most prominently, in The Bronx), where producers such as Cash Cobain, EPondabeat, [44] WAR, [44] EvilGiane, [44] and others, started re-using older funk and soul, and pop music songs to create modern yet nostalgic sound. A number of rappers subsequently joined the scene, most prominently, Kay Flock, B-Lovee, Ron Suno, DThang Gz, Jay5ive and others. [45]

The easily recognizable samples in Bronx drill are also said to increase its viral potential. Songs, such as B-Lovee's "My Everything" (sampling "Everything" by Mary J. Blige) [44] gained over 400,000 uses on TikTok and produced two remixes, featuring A Boogie wit da Hoodie and G Herbo. Another early TikTok viral Bronx drill hit was "Deep End Freestyle" (sampling Fousheé's "Deep End") by Brooklyn native Sleepy Hallow. Despite playing a huge role in genre's spread, Cash Cobain refused to acknowledge that Bronx drill musicians mostly do songs for TikTok. [45] EPondabeat, another producer involved in the scene, claimed that sampling in used for marketing purpose to invoke listener's relatability. [44]

Bronx drill rappers employ a variety of lyrical delivery styles, with those in the Bronx drill scene using a particularly aggressive style. "These little kids from the Bronx are wild. They on demon time. They're angrier with their shit," one producer said. [45]

Samples for Bronx drill come from a variety of sources and these sources may differ depending on producer. Bronx-based Cash Cobain mainly uses round-the-century contemporary R&B and hip hop music sources; [44] [46] meanwhile, EPondabeat, EvilGiane prefer to use soul music and funk recordings for sampling; other producers, such as WAR, do not limit themselves among sampling sources. [44]

Most Bronx drill songs are not granted clearance to sample other works until they've already gained popularity, with some artists saying they don't care to clear their samples at all. [45] [46]

Bronx drill, since its inception around 2020, already had a mainstream crossover, when Cardi B performed on "Shake It" by Kay Flock. [45] Bronx drill has also influenced Jersey drill sound [45] and more commercial drill sound, most particularly the influence can be heard on B.I.B.L.E. by Fivio Foreign, where he sampled "Say My Name" by Destiny's Child. [45]

The Bronx producer Cash Cobain has been described by Complex Music as inventing sexy drill which tones down the violent nature of drill, while still drawing on the sampling techniques. Cobain said, "I think everybody wants to feel good, party, and just feel sexy". Complex wrote that Cobain is "changing the sound of New York". [47]

Ice Spice and Kenzo B emerged from the Bronx drill scene. [48] [49]

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lil Tjay</span> American rapper (born 2001)

Tione Jayden Merritt, known professionally as Lil Tjay, is an American rapper and singer-songwriter. He rose to prominence with his 2017 single "Resume", and signed with Columbia Records following the success of his 2018 single "Brothers", which received triple platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). His guest appearance on Polo G's 2019 single, "Pop Out" marked his first entry on the Billboard Hot 100—peaking at number 11—while his own single, "F.N" became his first to do so as a lead artist. Each preceded the release of his debut studio album, True 2 Myself (2019), which peaked at number five on the Billboard 200.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pop Smoke</span> American rapper (1999–2020)

Bashar Barakah Jackson, known professionally as Pop Smoke, was an American rapper. Born and raised in Brooklyn, New York City, he rose to fame with the release of his breakout singles "Welcome to the Party" and "Dior" in 2019. He often collaborated with UK drill artists and producers, who employed more minimal and aggressive instrumentation than American drill artists from Chicago, reintroducing the sound as Brooklyn drill.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Welcome to the Party (Pop Smoke song)</span> 2019 single by Pop Smoke

"Welcome to the Party" is the debut single by American rapper Pop Smoke from his debut mixtape Meet the Woo (2019). It was released on April 23, 2019, by Victor Victor Worldwide and Republic Records. The song was written alongside producer 808Melo. The first official remix for "Welcome to the Party" was released on August 15, 2019, with fellow New York rapper Nicki Minaj. The second official remix with British rapper Skepta was released on August 21, 2019. Both remixes were later released on the deluxe edition of Meet the Woo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">22Gz</span> American rapper (born 1997)

Jeffrey Mark Alexander, known professionally as 22Gz, is an American rapper credited as a pioneer of the Brooklyn drill scene. 22Gz released his first major mixtape, The Blixky Tape, through Atlantic Records in 2019.

<i>Meet the Woo 2</i> 2020 mixtape by Pop Smoke

Meet the Woo 2 is the second mixtape by American rapper Pop Smoke. Released by Victor Victor Worldwide and Republic Records on February 7, 2020, it is the second installment in the Meet the Woo mixtape series, following Meet the Woo (2019). The deluxe edition of the mixtape, released on February 12, 2020, features three new tracks, including a remix of "Dior" featuring American rapper Gunna. On February 19, 2020, less than two weeks after the release of the standard edition of Meet the Woo 2, Pop Smoke was shot and killed at age 20 during a home invasion. Guest appearances on the mixtape include Quavo, A Boogie wit da Hoodie, Fivio Foreign, Lil Tjay, Nav, Gunna, and PnB Rock.

<i>Meet the Woo</i> 2019 mixtape by Pop Smoke

Meet the Woo is the debut mixtape by American rapper Pop Smoke. It was released by Victor Victor Worldwide and Republic Records on July 26, 2019. Meet the Woo is a drill and grime record. All the tracks were mostly written by Pop Smoke and British producer 808MeloBeats, also known as 808Melo, with production from the latter, Rico Beats, and Yoz Beats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christopher Walking</span> 2020 song by Pop Smoke

"Christopher Walking" is a song by American rapper Pop Smoke from his second mixtape, Meet the Woo 2 (2020). The song was written by Pop Smoke, alongside Derrick Gray, Dylan Cleary Krell, and producers CashMoneyAP & WondaGurl. The song was released as the lead single from the mixtape on January 16, 2020, by Victor Victor Worldwide and Republic Records. It is a drill track that sees Pop Smoke comparing himself to Frank White, a character played by the song's namesake Christopher Walken, from the 1990 American crime thriller film King of New York.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fivio Foreign</span> American rapper (born 1990)

Maxie Lee Ryles III, known by his stage name Fivio Foreign, is an American rapper from New York. He first saw mainstream recognition for his 2019 single "Big Drip", which received platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and spawned a remix featuring Lil Baby and Quavo. That same year, he signed with fellow New York rapper Mase's RichFish Records, in a joint venture with Columbia Records.

<i>Shoot for the Stars, Aim for the Moon</i> 2020 studio album by Pop Smoke

Shoot for the Stars, Aim for the Moon is the debut studio album by American rapper Pop Smoke. It was posthumously released on July 3, 2020, by Victor Victor Worldwide and Republic Records, and a deluxe edition of the album that includes fifteen additional tracks—including remixes of three songs from the original—was released on July 20 that year, a date that would have been Pop Smoke's 21st birthday. It is a drill, trap, and R&B record.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sheff G</span> American rapper (born 1998)

Michael Kyle Williams, known professionally as Sheff G, is an American rapper from Flatbush, Brooklyn, New York City. He rose to fame with his 2017 single "No Suburban", which was a response to the song "Suburban" by 22Gz. Williams is widely known as one of the vanguards of the Brooklyn drill movement. On May 16, 2023, Williams was indicted with 31 other purported gang members responsible for several shooting incidents and at least one murder over a two-year span.

Andre Michael Loblack, known professionally as 808Melo or 808MeloBeats, is a British record producer and songwriter from Ilford, East London. 808Melo is credited as a pioneer of UK drill and Brooklyn drill and is known for his bass heavy percussion. In 2019, he produced Pop Smoke's debut mixtape, Meet the Woo. He also produced most of the songs on Pop Smoke's sophomore mixtape, Meet the Woo 2, and he helped produce Pop Smoke's posthumous album Shoot for the Stars, Aim for the Moon, which topped the Billboard Hot 100 artist charts in July 2020. 808Melo has also produced songs for Travis Scott, Fivio Foreign, and Lil Tjay.

<i>B.I.B.L.E.</i> 2022 studio album by Fivio Foreign

B.I.B.L.E. is the debut studio album by American rapper Fivio Foreign. It was released on April 8, 2022, through Columbia Records and RichFish. The production on the album was handled by multiple producers including Kanye West, Mike Dean, the Chainsmokers and Dem Jointz among others. It also features guest appearances from KayCyy, Quavo, Kanye West, Alicia Keys, Queen Naija, Coi Leray, Chlöe, A$AP Rocky, Lil Yachty, Lil Tjay, Yung Bleu, DJ Khaled, Vory, Polo G, Blueface, Ne-Yo, and The Kid LAROI.

"Tunnel Vision (Outro)" is a drill song by American rapper Pop Smoke from his posthumous debut studio album, Shoot for the Stars, Aim for the Moon (2020). The song was written by Pop Smoke, known as Bashar Jackson, alongside 808Melo, who has the real name of Andre Loblack, Jugraj Nagra, and Carson Hackney. It was produced by the latter three. The original melody of the song is called "Wild West" and had a Western flute over it. In the lyrics, Pop Smoke raps about looking towards his future and wanting to have an impact on the music industry.

"Zoo York" is a song by American rapper Lil Tjay, released on May 8, 2020 from his third EP State of Emergency. It features American rappers Fivio Foreign and Pop Smoke, and was produced by Non Native and Bordeaux.

<i>Faith</i> (Pop Smoke album) 2021 studio album by Pop Smoke

Faith is the second and final studio album by American rapper Pop Smoke. It was posthumously released on July 16, 2021, by Victor Victor Worldwide and Republic Records. The deluxe edition of the album that includes four additional tracks was released on what would have been Pop Smoke's 22nd birthday, July 20, 2021. On July 30, six additional tracks were added, including the late rapper's 2020 single, "Dior". The album's guest appearances includes from Kanye West, Pusha T, Rick Ross, The-Dream, 42 Dugg, 21 Savage, Rah Swish, Travi, Beam, The Neptunes, Bizzy Banks, Takeoff, Lil Tjay, Swae Lee, Future, Chris Brown, Dua Lipa, Pharrell, Kid Cudi, Quavo, and Kodak Black. The deluxe edition adds additional appearances from G Herbo, OnPointLikeOP, Killa, Dread Woo, Tayy Floss, Fetty Luciano, Anuel AA, and Obasi Jackson. Faith is a drill, trap, and hip hop record with elements of pop-trap, gospel, and pop.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">City of Gods</span> 2022 single by Fivio Foreign, Kanye West and Alicia Keys, Playboi Carti

"City of Gods" is a song by American rappers Fivio Foreign and Kanye West and American singer Alicia Keys. It was released as the lead single from Fivio's debut studio album B.I.B.L.E. and the second single from West's album, Donda 2. On the song, American rapper Playboi Carti provides ad-libs, while Keys interpolates the chorus from "New York City" (2015) by The Chainsmokers. The track was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America, indicating 500,000 units recorded in the US and was nominated at the 54th NAACP Image Awards for Outstanding Hip Hop/Rap Song.

References

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