Bongo Flava

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Bongo Flava is a nickname for Tanzanian music. [1] The genre was developed in the 1990s, mainly as a derivative of American hip hop and traditional Tanzanian styles such as taarab and dansi. [2] Lyrics are usually in Swahili or English. [3] [4]

Contents

Etymology

The name "Bongo" in Bongo Flava comes from Kiswahili usually meaning brains, intelligence, cleverness. [5] Bongo is the augmentative form of Ubongo, a Swahili word for Brain. [6] Flava is a Swahili term for Flavour. [6] Bongo is a term which was originally used to refer the Tanzanian city of Dar es Salaam. [5] Outside Tanzania, Bongo is often referring to Tanzania. [6] Bongo as a term originated in the late 70's during a very difficult time following both the global fuel shocks of the 70's and the Kagera war against Uganda. The term Bongo was being used as a clever way to say both, survival in Dar es Salaam required both brain and intelligence. [5] [7]

In 1981 musician Remmy Ongala joined a band called Orchestra Super Matimila. Each band had a unique mtindo (style/fashion) and Remmy Ongala's band Matimila named their mtindo "Bongo Beat". [8] Remmy Ongala would later become the most famous musician ever for Tanzania, reaching global fame working with English singer Peter Gabriel. [9]

History

Bongo Flava is a large divergent evolution of muziki wa kizazi kipya, meaning "music of the new generations", which originated in the middleclass youth of Kinondoni District, in Dar es Salaam between the mid-1980s and 1990s. [10] Taji Liundi, also known as Master T, the original creator and producer of the Dj Show program had already started airing songs by fledgling local artists by late 1994. Radio hosts Mike Muhagama and Taji Liundi led the way in radio support of local artists. [11] Mike Mhagama eventually joined the popular program as an under-study to Taji Liundi and also went on to produce and present the show alone after Taji Liundi left Radio One in 1996.

"Bongo Flava" existed well before the first audio or video recordings. The youth in Dar es Salaam were rapping at beach concerts (organized by Joseph Kusaga and the late Ruge Mutahaba, who together own Mawingu Discotheque, Mawingu Studios and now Clouds Media Group), local concert halls and taking part in the first official rap competition called Yo! Rap Bonanza series that were promoted by Abdulhakim "DJ Kim" Magomelo under his promotion company "Kim & The Boyz". [12]

Some of the youth were organized with fancy names, some were solo or formed impromptu groups at the event to get a chance to perform. An icon of the open performance artists in the early 1990s was Adili or Nigga One. The first influential dub artiste of the genre was Saleh Jabir who rapped in Kiswahili over the instrumentals of Vanilla Ice's, "Ice Ice Baby", he was solely responsible for making Kiswahili a viable language to rap in. His version was so popular that broke ranks by receiving mild airplay in the conservative National Radio Tanzania, thus making the first rap song on Tanzanian radio. [13]

One of the earliest groups to actually record and deliver a CD to Radio One for airing was Mawingu Band, an outfit that became hugely popular in early 1994. They recorded at Mawingu Studios. Its members were Othman Njaidi, Eliudi Pemba, Columba Mwingira, Sindila Assey, Angela, Robert Chuwa, Boniface Kilosa (a.k.a. Dj Boni Love) and later Pamela who sang the famous hook of their breakthrough first RnB/Rap single "Oya Msela". The song was so popular and ahead of its time that the Msela label stuck. 'Msela' is the Swahili word for 'ruffian'. [14]

Bongo Flava popular artists include Bruce Africa, Mr Lion Victor Baraka The Prince, Young Lunya, Vanillah, Abdu Kiba, Maua Sama, Kinata Mc, Kidene Fighter, Gigy Money, Appy, Harmorapa, Yummy, Vanessa Mdee (Vee Money), [15] Bill Nass, Diamond Platnumz, Harmonize, Jux, Alikiba, A.Y., Jaivah, Shetta, Ben Pol, Lava Lava, Dully Sykes, Rich Mavoko, Jay Moe, Juma Nature, Rayvanny, Nandy, Fid Q, Marioo, Mavokali, Zuchu, Mwana FA, Shilole, Jay Melody, Mbosso, Mimi Mars, Queen Darleen, Phina, Dogo Janja, Cherry, Kusah, Joh Makini, Country Wizzy and more.

Concerts and festivals

Since its inception, concerts and festivals in many ways have helped to push Bongo Flava and help surge its popularity. One of the first such festival is Fiesta organized by Clouds Media Group, where Bongo Flava artists usually go on a music tour in different Tanzanian regions. [16] Throughout the years, Fiesta has been an instrument in spreading the Bongo Flava wave across Tanzania. [17]

Diamond Platnumz, Ali Kiba, Rayvanny, Marioo, Country Wizzy, Kusah, Rich Mavoko, Nandy,Phina, Ben Pol are few of Tanzanian artists that have performed on the Fiesta stage. [18] [19] [20]

Mziki Mnene is another popular music festival in Tanzania that showcases different Bongo Flava talents. Prepared by EFM Limited, the festival has been effective in popularizing Bongo Flava stars. Chidi Benz, Makomando, Izzo Bizness, Bob Junior and Kayumba are some of the Bongo Flava stars that have performed on the Mziki Mnene stage. [21] [22] [23]

Organized by Wasafi Media, Wasafi Festival is another popular music festival in Tanzania that has been headlined by different Bongo Flava acts such as Diamond Platnumz, Zuchu, Rayvanny, Billnass, Young Lunya, Mbosso, Marioo and many other Bongo Flava artists. [24] [25] [26]

Popularity

Today, "Bongo Flava" is the most popular musical style amongst the Tanzanian youth, [27] something that is also reflected in the vast number of TV and radio programs dedicated to this genre as well as the sales figures of bongo flava albums. [28]

Outside of its historical home of Tanzania, Bongo Flava has become a resoundingly popular sound in neighboring, culturally related countries such as Kenya [29] and Uganda. Bongo Flava has even found a home outside of the African continent; the most popular artists in the genre have recently begun to address Western markets [2] and the self-proclaimed "best internet station for Bongo Flava," [30] Bongo Radio, happens to be based out of Chicago, Illinois. There are now also playlists dedicate to the genre of global streaming platforms such as iTunes and Spotify, increasing Bongo-Flava's visibility. [31]

Despite the popularity of "Bongo Flava" and the large number of well-known artists throughout Tanzania, copying of music is widespread due to the weak enforcement of copyright laws, and most artistes are unable to make a living selling their music. Instead, most rely on income from live performances to support themselves, or income from other business ventures, using their social influence as leverage. However, there are instances of 'success stories', the career of artist Diamond Platnumz, and producer-artist Nahreel are often cited as sources of inspiration for many artists and producers [32] [33]

Bongo Flava started to make waves across Africa in major markets such as Nigeria, Ghana and South Africa around 2014 when Diamond Platnumz released his smash hit My Number One and its accompanying remix featuring Nigerian star, Davido. [34] It was also around that time that different African based music channels began to give heavy rotation to Bongo Flava songs rom different heavyweights such as Diamond Platnumz, Vanessa Mdee, Joh Makini, Navy Kenzo and more. [35]

Since then different Bongo Flava stars started working with different Nigerian superstars. The international collaborations has made it possible for Bongo Flava to be popular in other countries. Diamond Platnumz, for example, has worked with different heavyweight superstars such as KCEE, Rema, Chike, Koffi Olomide, Adekunle Gold, Omarion, Morgan Heritage and more. [36]

Harmonize, another heavyweight Tanzanian star has worked with different music heavyweights in his efforts to popularize Bongo Flava. Harmonize has worked with different heavyweights such as Awilo Longomba, Spice, Sarkodie, Korede Bello, Naira Marley, Yemi Alade and more [37]

Characteristics

While "Bongo Flava" is clearly related to American hip hop, it is also clearly distinguished from its Western counterpart. As the bongoflava.net website puts it, "these guys don't need to copy their brothers in America, but have a sure clear sense of who they are and what sound it is they're making". The sound "has its roots in the rap, R&B and hip hop coming from America, but from the beginning, these styles have been pulled apart and put back together with African hands". [38]

The typical "Bongo Flava" artist identifies with the mselah.[ what language is this? ] It is in this sense that, for example, members of the hip hop crew Afande Sele call themselves watu pori, i.e., "men of the savannah". A sort of manifesto of mselah ideology is given by the song Mselah Jela by Bongo flava singer Juma Nature, who defines a mselah, amongst other things, as an "honest person of sincere heart". [39] Following the tradition of western hip hop (as represented by the pioneering hip hop group Afrika Bambaataa), bongo flava lyrics usually tackle social and political issues such as poverty, political corruption, superstition, and HIV/AIDS, often with a more or less explicit educational intent, an approach that is sometimes referred to as "edutainment". [40] Afande Sele, for example, have written songs that are intended to teach prevention of malaria and HIV. However, this has changed in recent years and increasingly many commercial Bongo Flava songs deal with topics such as love, heartbreak, success and hardship. This change in topic remains a point of contention between the earlier generation who saw the rise of Bongo Flava, and the new generation who tend to prefer catchy and club ready songs. [41] Whether this is due to globalisation and western influence or due to a change in listener's taste, is the question at the centre of the debate. Some Bongo groups are very popular within their ethnic group; one example is the Maasai X Plastaz who developed their own subgenre known as "Maasai hip hop". [42]

Bongopiano

Bongopiano blends bongo flava music and amapiano, emerging in Tanzania in the 2020s. Key figures of bongopiano include Diamond Platnumz, Alikiba, Natasha, Pride Boy 4Real, Marioo, Harmonize, Nandy, Jux, Mbosso and Zuchu. [43] [44]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Music of Tanzania</span>

As it is in other countries, the music in Tanzania is constantly undergoing changes, and varies by location, people, settings and occasion. The five music genres in Tanzania, as defined by BASATA are, ngoma, dansi, kwaya, and taarab, with bongo flava being added in 2001. Singeli has since the mid-2000s been an unofficial music of uswahilini for unplanned communities in Dar es Salaam, and is the newest mainstream genre since 2020.

Tanzanian Hip-hop, which is sometimes referred to Bongo Flava by many outside of Tanzania's hip hop community, encompasses a large variety of different sounds, but it is particularly known for heavy synth riffs and an incorporation of Tanzanian pop.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Culture of Tanzania</span>

Following Tanganyika's independence (1961) and unification with Zanzibar (1964), leading to the formation of the state of Tanzania, President Julius Nyerere emphasised a need to construct a national identity for the citizens of the new country. To achieve this, Nyerere provided what has been regarded by some commentators as one of the most successful cases of ethnic repression and identity transformation in Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dully Sykes</span> Tanzanian musician (born 1980)

Dully Sykes is a Tanzanian Bongo Flava musician, songwriter, record producer and composer.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diamond Platnumz</span> Tanzanian singer, dancer, philanthropist and businessman

Naseeb Abdul Juma Issack, professionally known as Diamond Platnumz, is a Tanzanian bongo flava recording artist, dancer, philanthropist and businessman. He is the founder and CEO of WCB Wasafi Record Label, Wasafi Bet and Wasafi Media. Diamond has gained a massive following in East and Central Africa. He became the first Africa-based artist to reach 900 million views on YouTube.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ali Kiba</span> Tanzanian musician and songwriter

Ali Saleh Kiba, best known as Alikiba or occasionally as King Kiba, is a Tanzanian musician and songwriter. He is one of the most talented musicians in East Africa and mostly considered the King of Bongo Flava music Genre. He is from Kigoma and the owner of both Kings Music label and Crown Media Group. With hit songs such as Mwana, Aje, Chekecha Cheketua, Cinderella, Nakshi Mrembo, Usiniseme, Dushelele, Single Boy with Lady Jaydee, Mapenzi Yana Run Dunia,mahaba,mama with legendary yvone chaka chaka and Macmuga. Ali Kiba is usually regarded as one of the most successful Bongo Flava stars usually associated with his close rival Diamond Platnumz.

Rajab Abdul Kahali, also known by his stage name Harmonize, is a Tanzanian Bongo Flava recording artist, and entrepreneur. harmonize dream was to play football. He says this in his song called matatizo

Raymond Shaban, better known by his stage name Rayvanny, is a Tanzanian musician, songwriter and recording artist who was signed under WCB Wasafi record label until July 2022. He was born and raised in Nzovwe ward of Mbeya city, located in Mbeya Region. He is the most successful bongo flava musician in Tanzania from Mbeya region. His songs are mainly in Swahili. He is also the founder and CEO of Next Level Music. Rayvanny is best known by his song "Kwetu", which introduced him to the world. Rayvanny was mentioned by MTV Base among "Acts To Look Out For" in 2017.

Wasafi Classic Baby (WCB) is a Tanzania-based record label founded by musician Diamond Platnumz. WCB's commercial roster includes Diamond Platnumz, Mbosso, Zuchu, Lava Lava, Queen Darleen, and D Voice. The label is headquartered at Mbezi Beach, Dar Es Salaam. Rj the Dj who is also Diamond Platnumz's official DJ, while the official producer of the label is Lizer Classic. In 2017, the WCB Wasafi artists released a joint project titled Zilipendwa, and in 2020, they released their second single titled Quarantine. In 2021, WCB Wasafi signed a publishing and distribution deal with Ziiki and Warner Music Group.

Zuhura Othman Soud better known by her stage name Zuchu, is a Tanzanian singer and songwriter born on November 22,1993 in Zanzibar. She is currently based in Dar es Salaam and is signed to WCB Wasafi record label.

William Nicholaus Lyimo, popularly known by his stage name Bill Nass, is a Tanzanian rapper of Chagga heritage, he was born in Tanga Region. MTV Base named him among the "50 Artists To Watch For In 2017". He is currently based in Dar es Salaam. Months after the release of his debut single "Raha", Lyimo was nominated on 2015's Kilimanjaro Tanzania Music Awards (KTMA) as the "New Best Artist".

Mbwana Yusuf Kilungi, better known by his stage name Mbosso Khan is a Tanzanian singer and songwriter born in Kibiti, Pwani Region, he is currently based in Dar es Salaam and signed under WCB Wasafi record label. Mbosso is known for his songs "Nadekezwa" and "Hodari" which won Video of the Year at HiPipo Awards 2019. Mbosso released his debut studio album, Definition of Love, in March 2021.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">S2Kizzy</span> Tanzanian Record Producer (born 1992)

Salmin Kasimu Maengo popularly known by his producer-artist name S2KIZZY, is a Tanzanian record producer and songwriter. He is best known for producing Bongo Flava songs "Amaboko" and "Tetema" by Rayvanny featuring Diamond platnumz. He has produced albums for and overseen the careers of Diamond Platnumz, Rayvanny, Bill Nass and Vanessa Mdee. He is credited as a 'super-producer' in contemporary Bongo-Flava, Bongo-Trap, Afrobeats and Afro-pop.

Angel Nyigu is a Tanzanian dancer and choreographer. She has extensively worked with recording artist Diamond Platnumz appearing in his music videos and is the founder of Tanzania Dance. Her dance routines mainly consist of Afro dance, Hip hop and Dancehall.

Omary Ally Mwanga, known professionally as Marioo, is a Tanzanian singer, songwriter, and music producer. He is known for his hits such as Bia Tamu, Mama Amina, Dear Ex, Raha, Mi Amor and Naogopa, songs that have made him a household name in Tanzania and East Africa in general.

Romeo George alias RJ The DJ and Romy Jon(e)s is a Tanzanian DJ, record producer and television actor.

Tetema is a song recorded by Tanzanian singer Rayvanny included as the second song in his debut studio album, Sound From Africa (2021). It was officially released by WCB Wasafi on February 20, 2019. The track features Tanzanian singer Diamond Platnumz.

Abdu Hamid Said, popularly known as Kontawa, is Tanzanian rapper singer, songwriter, actor, model, and brand influencer. In 2023, he won the Best Upcoming Artist of the Year award at the 2022 Tanzania Music Awards. In 2024, he was nominated among the best Rappers at the Tanzania Music Awards.

References

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