Kizomba

Last updated

Kizomba is a dance and musical genre that originated in Angola in 1984.

Contents

Kizomba means "party" in Kimbundu, a Bantu language spoken by the Ambundu in Angola. [2]

Origin and evolution

Music genre

The origins of kizomba can be traced to late-1970s Africa, with influences variably attributed to Angola. [3] [4] Kizomba is characterized by a slower, romantic, more sensuous rhythm [5] than the traditional Angolan semba music. [3] Kizomba music emerged as a fusion of Semba, Angolan Merengue, Kilapanga, and further Angolan music influences: [1] It slowed down the cadence of songs and added a stronger bass line to the composition of instruments. Eduardo Paím is internationally recognized as the "father/creator of Kizomba music", as he and his band were taking a major role in the development of the music style creation. [6] Most kizomba songs are sung in Portuguese or a dialect from the various Portuguese-speaking, African cultures.

Dance genre

Victor Ebo Anderson Jnr and partner dances kizomba Ebo Anderson Jnr.jpg
Victor Ebo Anderson Jnr and partner dances kizomba

Semba, a dance and music genre, rose in popularity in Angola during the 1950s. This was as a result of the development of modern Angolan music which is attributed to the musical group Ngola Ritmos. After gaining independence from Portugal, Angola entered a civil war in 1975 that lasted to 2002. As few semba music was being released during this early period, Angolans started to look else where for musicality such as the Caribbean. In the 1980s, when the actual kizomba music was pioneered and got more and more popular, Angolans started to adapt their semba steps according to the tempo and flavour of the Kizomba beats. As such Kizomba (dance) has essentially remained to many Angolans to what is referred to as "Semba Social", only that it is danced to a spectrum of various music genre such as semba, kizomba or zouk. The emphasis is "Semba social" as Semba is often misinterpreted as "Semba Show" which is a style of Semba that is characterized with fast semba or zouk music alongside various dance tricks. As Kizomba is essentially "Semba Social", that left room for "Semba Show" to be marketed as Semba by Angolan teachers outside of Angola. [7]

The Kizomba dance is a couple dance, in which the torso and right arm of the leader will guide the follower across the dance floor. It is the goal to synchronize perfectly as a couple with the music and express it through elegant footwork, smooth body movement, and attitude, called Ginga (for women) and Banga (for men).

Confusion with cola-zouk

Cape Verdean immigrants who moved to France in the 1980s were exposed to zouk music. They blended it with a traditional Cape Verde style called the coladeira, thus creating cola-zouk, similar to kizomba and typically sung in Cape Verdean Creole. It is this rhythm that was confused with kizomba and was heard in Portugal when Eduardo Paim arrived there and released his first record with kizomba music. [7]

Cultural influences

The influence of kizomba is felt in most Portuguese-speaking African countries, but also in Portugal (especially in Lisbon and surrounding suburbs such as Amadora or Almada), where communities of immigrants have established clubs centered on the genre in a renewed kizomba style. The São Tomean kizomba music is very similar to the Angolan, Juka being the most notable among the Sãotomeans, and also one of the most notable performers in the genre.

Popularity

Kizomba is known for having a slow, insistent, somewhat harsh yet sensuous rhythm as the result of electronic percussion. It is danced accompanied by a partner, very smoothly, slowly and sensuously, and with neither tightness nor rigidity. There are frequent simultaneous hip rotations coordinated between dance partners, particularly in the quieter refrains of the music. Several individuals with a love of the Kizomba culture have been promoting it in other countries.

Famous Angolan teachers such as kota José N'dongala (founder of the Kizombalove Academy) and Mestre Petchu (founder of the Tradicional Kilandukilu Ballet) have been giving Kizomba and Semba teachers courses for years to further popularize their Angolan cultural values in Africa, Europe and in America. [8]

Cape Verde

Cape Verdean zouk such as cola-zouk and cabo-love as well as the traditional coladeira are popular music styles that kizomba is danced to, though these (zouk) music styles are often mistaken for kizomba. These zouk styles were created during the 1980s and eventually transcended into the creation of Ghetto-Zouk that was more RnB inspired and also became popular to dance kizomba as well as Tarraxinha (another Angolan dance) to. Some popular singers and producers in cape verdean zouk include Suzanna Lubrano, Johnny Ramos, Nelson Freitas, Mika Mendes, Manu Lima, Gilyto, G-Amado. [9] [7]

Brazil

In Brazil, kizomba became famous when the pop artist Kelly Key released the album No Controle , on February 3, 2015. Key left the dance-pop/R&B songs to introduce the kizomba in Brazil. [10] In an interview Key said she sought originality and new styles: "I'm running this responsibility of being predictable. I wanted to record Kizomba for 13 years! Now I feel mature and have knowledge of movement". [11]

China

Kizomba is growing in popularity in some major Chinese cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen. Some teachers of kizomba are Chinese while others are foreign. Every year, different Latin dance festivals are organized and presented such as Shanghai Bachata/Kizomba Festival. [12]

Ghana

Kizomba in Ghana is one of the growing form of dance activity especially within the capital city of Accra were there are weekly dance sessions held at Afrikiko Leisure Centre or other bars and restaurants. [13]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Music of Cape Verde</span>

Cape Verde is known internationally for morna, a form of folk music usually sung in the Cape Verdean Creole, accompanied by clarinet, violin, guitar and cavaquinho. Funaná, Coladeira, Batuque and Cabo love are other musical forms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Music of Angola</span>

The music of Angola has been shaped both by wider musical trends and by the political history of the country. while Angolan music has also influenced the music of the other Lusophone countries and Latin American countries. In turn, the music of Angola was instrumental in creating and reinforcing "angolanidade", the Angolan national identity. The capital and largest city of Angola — Luanda — is home to a diverse group of styles including kazukuta, semba, kizomba and kuduro. Just off the coast of Luanda is Ilha do Cabo, home to an accordion and harmonica-based style of music called rebita.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Music of São Tomé and Príncipe</span> Music

São Tomé and Príncipe is an island country off the coast of Africa. Culturally, the people are African but have been highly influenced by the Portuguese rulers of the islands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Morna (music)</span> Cabo Verdean music genre

The morna is a music and dance genre from Cape Verde.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">African popular music</span> Overview of popular music in Africa

African popular music, like African traditional music, is vast and varied. Most contemporary genres of African popular music build on cross-pollination with Western popular music. Many genres of popular music like blues, jazz, salsa, zouk, and rumba derive to varying degrees on musical traditions from Africa, taken to the Americas by enslaved Africans. These rhythms and sounds have subsequently been adapted by newer genres like rock, and rhythm and blues. Likewise, African popular music has adopted elements, particularly the musical instruments and recording studio techniques of the Western music industry. The term does not refer to a specific style or sound but is used as a general term for African popular music.

Compas, also known as compas direct in French, konpa dirèk in Haitian Creole, or simply konpa but most commonly as Kompa is a modern méringue dance music genre of Haiti. The genre was popularized by Nemours Jean-Baptiste following the creation of Ensemble Aux Callebasses in 1955, which became Ensemble Nemours Jean-Baptiste in 1957. The frequent tours of the many Haitian bands have cemented the style in all the Caribbean. Therefore, compas is the main music of several countries such as Dominica and the French Antilles. Whether it is called zouk, where French Antilles artists of Martinique and Guadeloupe have taken it, or konpa in places where Haitian artists have toured, this méringue style is influential in part of the Caribbean, Portugal, Cape Verde, France, part of Canada, South and North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Semba</span> Traditional type of music from Angola

Semba is a traditional type of music and dance from Angola. Semba has its roots in Massemba and means "a touch of belly buttons" - one of the most recognizable and entertaining movements in semba.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kuduro</span> Music genre from Angola

Kuduro is a type of music and dance from Angola. It is characterized as uptempo, energetic, and danceable. Kuduro was developed in Luanda, Angola, in the late 1980s. Producers sampled traditional carnival music like soca and zouk béton from the Caribbean to Angola, techno and accordion playing from Europe and laid this around a fast four-to-the-floor beat.

The coladeira is a music genre from the Cape Verde islands in the central Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ricardo Lemvo</span> Musical artist

Ricardo Lemvo is a Congolese singer of Angolan descent who lives in Los Angeles, California. His music is a blend of African soukous, kizomba, samba and Cuban salsa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gil Semedo</span> Cape Verdean artist

Gil Semedo Moreira, better known by his stage name Gil Semedo, is a Cape Verdean recording artist, songwriter, businessman, and record producer. He rose to prominence in 1991 following the release of "Menina", the first single from his debut album bearing the same name. Gil is one of the most powerful celebrities in Kriolo Portuguese, having sold over a million records and creating his own music genre ‘Cabo Swing’.

Flavel & Neto are a singing duo based in France specializing in Latin-based dance music, but greatly influenced by Angolan kizomba music. They are signed to Five Music label and are mostly famous with their singles "Eu quero tchu, eu quero tcha" and "Pedida perfeita (Tararatata)", the latter featuring Anna Torres.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elizio</span> Musical artist

Elizio, aka Mister ODC is a singer-songwriter born in Angola in 1979, of Cape Verdean origin. Revealed with the title 10 fois, 100 fois featuring Perle Lama in 2003, Elizio quickly meets his first big solo success with Melodia which leads him to the top of the zouk scene. The artist then connects the tubes and expands his musical universe with more than 70 titles, ranging from general dancefloor with sounds like Bad Man on Kizomba with Angel or Make love on tempo in particular, through the kuduro as Sabi Di Mas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rebita</span>

Rebita is a traditional music and dance from Angola. It is a genre of music and dance in which a circle of couples, leaded by a coordinator in the middle, dance in a traditional movement called Massemba.

Francisco Xavier da Cruz, also known as B. Leza or Beleza was a Cape Verdean writer, composer and singer of morna music..

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gilyto</span> Cape Verdean singer, songwriter, dancer, TV and music producer and cultural activist

Gilyto Semedo, aka Mr. Entertainer is a Cape Verdean Singer, Songwriter, Dancer, TV & Music Producer, Cultural Activist, Mentor Of Cabo Verde Music Awards-CVMA and PALOP Music Awards - PALOPMA.

Urban Kiz is a couple dance derived from Kizomba. The origin is the result of exportation of Kizomba abroad, as well the Angolan community in diaspora introduction of the Kizomba into different countries mainly Portugal, France, UK, the Netherlands and Spain between 1980 and 2003. It was first popularized in social media sites such as YouTube and Vimeo. Dancer Moun started dancing since 2008, but was not known yet as reference as Urban Kiz. Curtis Seldon started in 2011 and Dancer Enah Lebon started in 2012. However, Urban Kiz was created in Paris somewhere during 2013. by Curtis Seldon and Cherazad Benyoucef who were the first to change the way to dance. The dance still went under various names, such as Kizomba 2.0, French Style Kizomba, New Style Kizomba, because no consensus was reached on a final name. The dance style evolved influenced by Ghetto-Zouk Tarraxa and remixes with R&B, Rap, Dance and Hip Hop. The newly created dance was still sold as Kizomba although it changed from Kizomba completely. After fights in 2015 the new name Urban Kiz was created and publicly announced. Though there is some controversy around the origins of the style, it's widely accepted that the brand Urban Kiz was pioneered in Paris by famous dancers Curtis Seldon, Enah Lebon and Moun.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Celma Ribas</span> Angolan singer

Celma Ribas is a singer, songwriter and businesswoman from Angola.

Eduardo Paím is an Angolan singer who is considered to be one of the creators of the Kizomba genre, having described himself as the precursor to the genre. First popular in Angola during the 1980s, and later in the 1980s and 1990s in Portugal, he has released several albums both solo and with his band SOS.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zukuma (music genre)</span> Angolan dance and music genre

Zukuma is a musical genre that mixes various rhythms and African dances, mainly influenced by Kuduro from Angola and Kwassa from the Democratic Republic of Congo.

References

  1. 1 2 "Eduardo Paim "Sou o precursor da kizomba" - Cadernos Especiais - Dossiers Online". September 27, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27.
  2. José Redinhs, Etnias e culturas de Angola, Luanda: Instituto de Investigação Científica de Angola, 1975
  3. 1 2 Oyebade, Adebayo O. (2007). Culture and Customs of Angola. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 156. ISBN   9780313331473.
  4. Oyebade, Adebayo (2007). Culture and Customs of Angola. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN   9780313331473.
  5. Caroline Weeks (September 14, 2016). "Get Moving with Kizomba: The Art of Connection". Des Moines Register.
  6. "Eduardo Paim "Sou o precursor da Kizomba"". O País (in Portuguese). Medianova. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27. Retrieved 2012-06-22.
  7. 1 2 3 "José N'dongala Kizombalove Methodology teachers course - KIZOMBA TEACHERS COURSE" (PDF), www.kizombalove.com, pp. 17–19, 22–24
  8. Pedro Miala, Maria (12 March 2017). Rising Africa.
  9. Batalha, Luís; Carling, Jørgen (2008), "Cabo zouk", Transnational Archipelago: Perspectives on Cape Verdean Migration and Diaspora, Amsterdam University Press, ISBN   9789053569948 , retrieved December 3, 2005
  10. "'Eu guardo grandes segredos dele', diz Kelly Key sobre o ex-marido Latino". Globo. 2015-04-07. Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2015-04-20.
  11. "Após cinco anos longe dos holofotes, Kelly Key prepara retorno aos palcos". Correio. 2015-04-07.
  12. "China Kizomba Congress 2020 - Putuo Qu, China | DanceUs.org". www.danceus.org. Retrieved 2022-01-11.
  13. "Talkertainment: The dancing couple popularising Kizomba in Ghana". GhanaWeb. 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2023-12-21.