Overview | |
---|---|
Headquarters | Colver, Pennsylvania |
Reporting mark | CI |
Locale | Cambria and Indiana County, Pennsylvania |
Dates of operation | 1904–1995 |
Successor | None |
Technical | |
Track gauge | 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge |
Length | 57 miles (92 km) |
The Cambria and Indiana Railroad (C&I) ( reporting mark CI) is a railway company that is located in the southeastern part of Indiana County, Pennsylvania in the United States. Incorporated in 1904 and built in 1910 with the intention of carrying lumber, coal was discovered in the area soon after its construction, and C&I's fortunes subsequently became closely intertwined with the coal industry.
C&I became the "richest railroad in the country", generating the most revenue per mile of track, during the 1930s and 1940s. [1] The increasing use of electricity for heating purposes, however, dealt a severe blow to C&I and in 1995, C&I divested almost all its assets.
The Cambria and Indiana Railroad, originally named Blacklick and Yellow Creek Railroad (B&YC), was founded in 1904 by Vinton Lumber Company as a subsidiary company to haul its lumber. Soon after its construction, coal was found in the area and the subsidiary was subsequently purchased by John Heisley Weaver and B. Dawson Coleman for US$100,000 in 1910 to serve its coal interests in the Cambria and Indiana counties. [1]
At the time of purchase, the B&YC was only ten miles long but the railroad was extensively extended soon after its acquisition to better serve its new purpose. Construction began in February, 1911 and the name of the company was officially changed on 20 April 1911 to reflect the name of the two counties that it served. By 1919, C&I was also serving 23 other mines in the area. [1] Scheduled passenger service started in 1914 until 1 December 1931, after which, it only ran only when needed until the late 1930s. [1]
The first locomotive on the C&I was a Baldwin Steam Locomotive #3 which was subsequently sold in January 1930. [2] The C&I became the "richest railroad in the country", generating the most revenue per mile of track, during the 1930s and 1940s. All this, however, was to change as a result of the declining use of coal for heating homes in preference for electricity. By 1962, there were only four mines left on the line, spelling the apparent demise of the C&I.
Bethlehem Steel became the majority owner of the railway in 1950. [1] Business picked up when the BethEnergy subsidiary, opened Mine 33 near Ebensburg in 1963, and Barnes & Tucker opened a large mine at Stiles in 1965, thus sustaining C&I for another thirty years. [1] However, in the summer of 1994, Bethlehem closed down Mine 33, spelling the apparent demise of the C&I. A year later, C&I sold almost all its trackage as scrap and donated most of its abandoned right-of-way to the Cambria County Conservation and Recreation Authority to become part of the Ghost Town Trail for use by bicyclists and walkers. C&I locomotives were dispatched to other Bethlehem subsidiary railroads. A small portion of trackage was retained by Conrail and another portion was sold to a private owner. In 1998, the private owner sold 9.6 miles of the abandoned track back to the C&I. [1] Bethlehem Steel was acquired by ISG in 2003.
In 2004, nearly 10 years following the closing of Mine 33 and the end of C&I operations, ISG reported plans to reopen Mine 33 to produce coke primarily for steel-making by 2006, and also to generate electricity. This development was shelved in late 2006 due to economic conditions. [1]
Nanty Glo is a borough in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the Johnstown, Pennsylvania metropolitan statistical alrea. The population was 2,734 at the 2010 census. The name comes from the Welsh Nant Y Glo, meaning "The Ravine of Coal."
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Wehrum is an abandoned coal mining company town in Buffington Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania, United States, that thrived for a time during the early 20th century. The mine upon which it was entirely dependent closed in 1929, and the last known inhabitants left in 1934. Essentially all that remains of Wehrum today are shadowy remnants of some of the streets and various building foundations hidden in the woods. Wehrum is now one of the ghost towns included in Pennsylvania's Ghost Town Trail.
The Ghost Town Trail is a rail trail in Western Pennsylvania that runs 36 miles (58 km) between Black Lick, Indiana County, and Ebensburg, Cambria County. Established in 1991 on the right-of-way of the former Ebensburg and Black Lick Railroad, the trail follows the Blacklick Creek and passes through many ghost towns that were abandoned in the early 1900s with the decline of the local coal mining industry. Open year-round to cycling, hiking, and cross-country skiing, the trail is designated a National Recreation Trail by the United States Department of the Interior.
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The Buffalo and Susquehanna Railroad was a railroad company that formerly operated in western and north central Pennsylvania and western New York. It was created in 1893 by the merger and consolidation of several smaller logging railroads. It operated independently until 1929, when a majority of its capital stock was purchased by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. At the same time, the B&O also purchased control of the neighboring Buffalo, Rochester, and Pittsburgh Railway. The Baltimore and Ohio officially took over operations of both roads in 1932.
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Colver Historic District is a national historic district located at Barr Township and Cambria Township in Cambria County, Pennsylvania. The district includes 336 contributing buildings, 5 contributing sites, and 3 contributing structures. The district consists of residential areas, coal mining resources, Cambria and Indiana Railroad shop buildings, and a dairy farm associated with the Ebensburg Coal Company's mine and developed between 1911 and 1943. Notable buildings include a variety of brick and frame workers' housing, the Ebensburg Coal Company office building (1914), stone company store (1912), Colver Amusement Company (1912), Colver Hotel (1912), Colver Presbyterian Church (1915), public school (1927), hospital (1914), Roundhouse No. 1 (1918), Roundhouse No. 2 (1920), and main power building (1911).
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