Chicago Great Western Railway

Last updated
Chicago Great Western Railway
CGNWlogocornbelt.jpg
CGW 111-C (F3A) westbound freight passing the Elmhurst, Illinois station on August 14, 1962 (21820237513).jpg
A CGW freight train passing Elmhurst, Illinois from just east of York Road in 1962
Overview
Headquarters Oelwein, Iowa / Chicago, Illinois
Reporting mark CGW
Locale Minneapolis, Minnesota, Oelwein, Iowa, Chicago, Illinois, Kansas City, Kansas and Omaha, Nebraska
Dates of operation1885 (1885)1968 (1968)
Successor Chicago and North Western
Technical
Track gauge 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm)

The Chicago Great Western Railway( reporting mark CGW) was a Class I railroad that linked Chicago, Minneapolis, Omaha, and Kansas City. It was founded by Alpheus Beede Stickney in 1885 as a regional line between St. Paul and the Iowa state line called the Minnesota and Northwestern Railroad. Through mergers and new construction, the railroad, named Chicago Great Western after 1892, quickly became a multi-state carrier. One of the last Class I railroads to be built, it competed against several other more well-established railroads in the same territory, and developed a corporate culture of innovation and efficiency to survive.

Contents

Nicknamed the Corn Belt Route because of its operating area in the midwestern United States, the railroad was sometimes called the Lucky Strike Road, due to the similarity in design between the herald of the CGW and the logo used for Lucky Strike cigarettes.

In 1968 it merged with the Chicago and North Western Railway (CNW), which abandoned most of the CGW's trackage.

History

Predecessor railroads

The Chicago Great Western, circa 1897. CGWMapCirca1897.png
The Chicago Great Western, circa 1897.
Railway in 1903, following completion of lines in Iowa to Sioux City and Omaha, Nebraska, and branch lines in Minnesota 1903 Poor's Chicago Great Western Railway.jpg
Railway in 1903, following completion of lines in Iowa to Sioux City and Omaha, Nebraska, and branch lines in Minnesota

In 1835, the Chicago, St. Charles & Mississippi Airline railroad was chartered with the intent of building a railroad west out of Chicago. [1] The railroad never began construction, and its rights to build were transferred in 1854 to a new company, the Minnesota & North Western (M&NW), which eventually began construction in 1884 of a line south from St. Paul, Minnesota to Dubuque, Iowa. [1] [2] In 1887, the Chicago, St. Paul & Kansas City Railroad acquired the M&NW, and by the end of the decade, under the leadership of St. Paul businessman A.B. Stickney, [2] it had established routes west to Omaha, Nebraska, south to St. Joseph, Missouri, and east to Chicago, Illinois, via the Winston Tunnel near Dubuque. [1] In 1892, the railroad was reorganized as the Chicago Great Western. [1]

Early 20th century

1907 Chicago Great Western ad. Chicago Great Western ad 1907.jpg
1907 Chicago Great Western ad.

In 1907, the panic of 1907 caused Stickney to lose control of the railroad, and ownership passed to financier J. P. Morgan. [3] In 1910, the CGW introduced four McKeen Motor Car Company self-propelled railcars, its first rolling stock powered by internal combustion engines. [4] In the same year, the railroad also purchased ten large 2-6-6-2s from the Baldwin Locomotive Works. [5] Two years later, the railroad acquired an experimental battery powered motorcar from the Federal Storage Battery Car Company. [6] In 1916, the railroad began standardizing on 2-8-2 steam locomotives, which served through the 1920. [5] In 1923 CGW purchased from the soon to be dominant company EMC, two of EMD's first gasoline-powered cars. During the 1920s, as ownership changed again to the Bremo Corporation, a group of investors led by Patrick Joyce, an executive at the Standard Steel Car Company, [3] the railroad expanded its use of self-propelled vehicles. [4] At the end of the decade, 36 2-10-4 steam locomotives were purchased from Baldwin and the Lima Locomotive Works. [5]

Mid 20th century

During the Great Depression, the railroad trimmed operations by closing facilities and abandoning trackage. [7] It purchased its first diesel-electric locomotive, an 800 horsepower (600 kW) yard switcher from Westinghouse, in 1934. [8] In 1935, the CGW began trial operations of trailer on flatcar trains, which were expanded the following year into regular service, initially between Chicago and St. Paul, but rapidly expanding across the system by 1940. [3] In 1941, it was reorganized in bankruptcy, and late in the decade a group of investors, organized as the Kansas City Group, purchased the CGW. [3] In 1946, a demonstrator EMD F3 diesel locomotive set operated on the CGW, immediately prompting the company to purchase a wide variety of diesels, and by 1950 the railroad had converted completely to diesel motive power. [5] In 1949, William N. Deramus III assumed the presidency, and began a program of rebuilding infrastructure and increasing efficiency, both by consolidating operations such as dispatching and accounting and by lengthening trains. [9] In 1957, Deramus left the company, and Edward Reidy assumed the presidency. [9]

Merger

As early as 1946, the first proposal was advanced to merge the Great Western with other railroads, this time with the Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad and the Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad. [10] Upon the failure of a later merger opportunity with the Soo Line Railroad in 1963, [11] the board of the Great Western grew increasingly anxious about its continued viability in a consolidating railroad market. [12] Testifying in 1965, before the Interstate Commerce Commission in Chicago, President Reidy stated

that although it was operating in the black it would not able to continue: The simple fact is that there is just too much transportation available between the principal cities we serve. The Great Western cannot long survive as an independent carrier under these conditions. [13]

The CGW, therefore, was open to a merger with the Chicago and North Western Railway (CNW), first proposed in 1964. After a 4-year period of opposition by other competing railroads, on July 1, 1968, the Chicago Great Western merged with Chicago and North Western. [12] At the time of the merger, the CGW operated a 1,411 miles (2,271 km) system, over which it transported 2,452 million ton-miles of freight in 1967, largely food and agricultural products, lumber, and chemicals, for $28.7 million of revenue. [3] After taking control of the CGW, the CNW abandoned most of the former CGW trackage. [3]

Trail Conversion

A 20 mile section of the railroad right of way from Des Moines, IA south to Martensdale, IA was turned in the Great Western Trail. In addition, a section of track was converted to trail usage also known as the Great Western, running intermittently between Villa Park, Illinois and Sycamore, Illinois. [14] [ circular reference ]

Passenger operations

1906 blotter promoting the railroad's passenger service. Great Western ad blotter 1906.JPG
1906 blotter promoting the railroad's passenger service.
The Chicago Great Western Limited. Chicago Great Western Limited circa 1910.JPG
The Chicago Great Western Limited.

The Chicago Great Western was not known for its passenger trains, although it did operate several named trains, mostly running between Chicago and the Twin Cities. Despite the railroad's small size and meager passenger fleet, it looked for ways to more efficiently move passengers, such as employing all-electric (battery powered) [6] and gas-electric motorcars on light branch lines, which were cheaper to operate than traditional steam or diesel-powered trains. [4] Notable passenger trains from its major terminals included: [15]

On September 30, 1965, the railroad ended passenger operations when the overnight trains between the Twin Cities and Omaha arrived at their respective endpoints. [5] [16]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 Schafer 2000 , p. 27
  2. 1 2 Middleton, et al., page 234
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Middleton, et al., page 235
  4. 1 2 3 Schafer 2000 , p. 28
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Schafer 2000 , p. 31
  6. 1 2 "A Storage Battery Car of Record Size". Electric Railway Journal . XL (17): 965. November 2, 1912.
  7. Schafer 2000 , p. 30
  8. Fiore 2006 , p. 26
  9. 1 2 Schafer 2000 , p. 32
  10. "C. & E.I. Board Names Group to Discuss Merger". Chicago Sunday Tribune . March 17, 1946. p. 5, part 2.
  11. "Great West., Soo Line End Merger Talks". Chicago Tribune . November 13, 1963. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
  12. 1 2 Fiore 2006 , p. 8
  13. "Railway Head Tells of The Stiff Competition". Southeast Missourian . March 2, 1965. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
  14. "Great Western Trail (Illinois)".
  15. Schafer 2000 , p. 29
  16. Fiore 2006, p. 68

Related Research Articles

BNSF Railway American freight railroad

BNSF Railway is one of the largest freight railroads in North America. One of seven North American Class I railroads, BNSF has 35,000 employees, 32,500 miles (52,300 km) of track in 28 states, and nearly 8,000 locomotives. It has three transcontinental routes that provide rail connections between the western and eastern United States. BNSF trains traveled over 169 million miles in 2010, more than any other North American railroad.

Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad Defunct American Class I railway

The Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad was an American Class I railroad. It was also known as the Rock Island Line, or, in its final years, The Rock.

Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad Former railroad in the Midwestern United States

The Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad was a railroad that operated in the Midwestern United States. Commonly referred to as the Burlington Route, the Burlington, or as the Q, it operated extensive trackage in the states of Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Nebraska, Wisconsin, Wyoming, and also in Texas through subsidiaries Colorado and Southern Railway, Fort Worth and Denver Railway, and Burlington-Rock Island Railroad. Its primary connections included Chicago, Minneapolis–Saint Paul, St. Louis, Kansas City, and Denver. Because of this extensive trackage in the midwest and mountain states, the railroad used the advertising slogans "Everywhere West", "Way of the Zephyrs", and "The Way West".

Milwaukee Road 261 Preserved American 4-8-4 locomotive

Milwaukee Road 261 is a class "S3" 4-8-4 "Northern" type steam locomotive built by the American Locomotive Company (ALCO) in Schenectady, New York in July, 1944 for the Milwaukee Road.

Soo Line Railroad American class I railroad

The Soo Line Railroad is the primary United States railroad subsidiary of the Canadian Pacific Railway, one of seven U.S. Class I railroads, controlled through the Soo Line Corporation. Although it is named for the Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad (MStP&SSM), which was commonly known as the Soo Line after the phonetic spelling of Sault, it was formed in 1961 by the consolidation of that company with two other CP subsidiaries: The Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic Railway, and the Wisconsin Central Railway. It is also the successor to other Class I railroads, including the Minneapolis, Northfield and Southern Railway and the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad. On the other hand, a large amount of mileage was spun off in 1987 to Wisconsin Central Ltd., now part of the Canadian National Railway. The Soo Line Railroad and the Delaware and Hudson Railway, CP's other major subsidiary, presently do business as the Canadian Pacific Railway. Most equipment has been repainted into the CP scheme, but the U.S. Surface Transportation Board groups all of CP's U.S. subsidiaries under the Soo Line name for reporting purposes. The Minneapolis headquarters are located in the Canadian Pacific Plaza building, having moved from the nearby Soo Line Building.

EMD E6

The EMD E6 was a 2,000-horsepower (1,500 kW), A1A-A1A, streamlined passenger train locomotive manufactured by Electro-Motive Corporation, and its corporate successor, General Motors Electro-Motive Division, of La Grange, Illinois. The cab version, E6A, was manufactured from November 1939 to September 1942; 91 were produced. The booster version, E6B, was manufactured from April 1940 to February 1942; 26 were produced. The 2,000-horsepower (1,500 kW) was achieved by putting two 1,000-horsepower (750 kW), 12-cylinder, model 567 engines in the engine compartment. Each engine drove its own electrical generator to power the traction motors. The E6 was the seventh model in a long line of passenger diesels of similar design known as EMD E-units.

Chicago and North Western Transportation Company Rail transport company

The Chicago and North Western Transportation Company was a Class I railroad in the Midwestern United States. It was also known as the "North Western". The railroad operated more than 5,000 miles (8,000 km) of track at the turn of the 20th century, and over 12,000 miles (19,000 km) of track in seven states before retrenchment in the late 1970s. Until 1972, when the employees purchased the company, it was named the Chicago and North Western Railway.

Missouri Pacific Railroad Defunct American Class I railroad

The Missouri Pacific Railroad, commonly abbreviated as MoPac, was one of the first railroads in the United States west of the Mississippi River. MoPac was a Class I railroad growing from dozens of predecessors and mergers. In 1967, the railroad operated 9,041 miles of road and 13,318 miles of track, not including DK&S, NO&LC, T&P, and its subsidiaries C&EI and Missouri-Illinois.

EMD E8

The E8 was a 2,250-horsepower (1,678 kW), A1A-A1A passenger-train locomotive built by General Motors' Electro-Motive Division (EMD) of La Grange, Illinois. A total of 450 cab versions, or E8As, were built from August 1949 to January 1954, 447 for the U.S. and 3 for Canada. 46 E8Bs were built from December 1949 to January 1954, all for the U.S. The 2,250 hp came from two 12 cylinder model 567B engines, each driving a generator to power the two traction motors on one truck. The E8 was the ninth model in the line of passenger diesels of similar design known as EMD E-units. Starting in September 1953, a total of 21 E8As were built which used either the 567BC or 567C engines.

Dakota, Minnesota and Eastern Railroad Class II railroad of the Canadian Pacific Railway

The Dakota, Minnesota and Eastern Railroad is a Class II railroad and a subsidiary of the Canadian Pacific Railway, operating across South Dakota and southern Minnesota in the Northern Plains of the United States. Portions of the railroad also extend into Wyoming, Nebraska, Iowa, and Illinois.

Duluth, Winnipeg and Pacific Railway

The Duluth, Winnipeg and Pacific Railway is a subsidiary railroad of Canadian National Railway (CN) operating in northern Minnesota, United States. A CN system-wide rebranding beginning in 1995 has seen the DWP logo and name largely replaced by its parent company. The DWP line is CN's connection between International Falls and Duluth, Minnesota, where the railroad connects to a short stretch of the former Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway before following the former Wisconsin Central to Chicago, Illinois.

Minneapolis, Northfield and Southern Railway

The Minneapolis, Northfield and Southern Railway was an 87-mile (140 km) long American shortline railroad connecting Minneapolis and Northfield, Minnesota. It was incorporated in 1918 to take over the trackage of the former Minneapolis, St. Paul, Rochester and Dubuque Electric Traction Company, also known as the Dan Patch Lines. On June 2, 1982, it was acquired by the Soo Line Railroad, which operated it as a separate railroad until merging it on January 1, 1986 along with the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad.

The Winston Tunnel is a railroad tunnel located 9 miles west of Elizabeth, Illinois.

Minneapolis and St. Louis Railway

The Minneapolis and St. Louis Railway (M&StL) was an American Class I railroad that built and operated lines radiating south and west from Minneapolis, Minnesota for 90 years from 1870 to 1960. The railway never reached St. Louis but its North Star Limited passenger train ran to that city via the Wabash Railroad.

The Minnesotan was an overnight passenger train run by the Chicago Great Western Railway, using the CGW's trackage between Grand Central Station in Chicago, Illinois, and Saint Paul Union Depot in Saint Paul, Minnesota, via Hayfield, Minnesota. A section of the train split in McIntire, Iowa, to serve Rochester, Minnesota.

Alpheus Beede Stickney

Alpheus Beede "A.B." Stickney was the first president of the Chicago Great Western Railway, from 1884 to 1909.

The Minnesota Transfer Railway was a short line railroad in the United States. It was incorporated on March 22, 1883.

Ellis and Eastern Company

The Ellis and Eastern Company is a railroad owned and operated by Sweetman Construction Company.

Altoona Subdivision

The Altoona Subdivision or Altoona Sub is a 90.7-mile (146.0 km) railway line owned and operated by the Union Pacific Railroad in the states of Minnesota and Wisconsin. The line originates in Saint Paul, Minnesota, crosses the St. Croix River on the Hudson Bridge into Hudson, Wisconsin, and eventually terminates in Altoona, Wisconsin where it connects to the Wyeville Subdivision. This subdivision is formerly a Chicago and North Western Railway (C&NW) mainline, on which the Twin Cities 400 operated in the mid 1900s.

The Wyeville Subdivision or Wyeville Sub is a 82.8-mile (133.3 km) railway line owned and operated by the Union Pacific Railroad. It meets the Altoona Subdivision to the west in Altoona, Wisconsin and runs to Wyeville, Wisconsin to the east where it connects with the Adams Subdivision. Construction began in 1868 by the West Wisconsin Railway and was completed in 1872. The line then became part of the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway in 1878; the Chicago and North Western Railway acquired control of this road in 1882. The CNW then became part of UP in 1995.

References

Further reading