Gray's New Map of Cisco, Eastland Co., Texas, 1885
Cisco, at the intersection of U.S. Highway 183 and Interstate 20 in northwestern Eastland County, traces its history back to 1878 or 1879, when Rev. C. G. Stevens arrived in the area, established a post office and a church, and called the frontier settlement "Red Gap". About six families were already living nearby, and W. T. Caldwell was running a store a half mile to the west. In 1881, the Houston and Texas Central Railway crossed the Texas and Pacific, which had come through the year before, at a point near Red Gap, and the settlement's inhabitants moved their town to the crossing. The date the rails crossed, May 17, 1881, is considered by some to be Cisco's "birthday." Three years later, the town was officially recognized and a new post office granted; the town's name was changed to "Cisco" for John J. Cisco, a New York financier largely responsible for the building of the Houston and Texas Central.
Railroads continued to influence the development of Cisco as the Texas and Pacific acquired lots in the town and sold them to immigrants attracted by brochures touting the town as the "Gate City of the West". Once settlers arrived, agricultural agents employed by the railroad advised them what and when to plant and on occasion provided the seed.
During the 1880s, a Mrs. Haws built and managed the first hotel, and Mrs. J. D. Alexander brought the first "millinery and fancy goods" to town. Following a practice common at the time, religious groups in Cisco met together for prayer meetings in the schoolhouse until they could build separate churches. By 1892, Cisco was a growing community with two newspapers, a bank, and an economy based on trade, ranching, fruit farming, and the limestone, coal, and iron ore available nearby. A broom factory and roller corn and flour mills were among the town's 56 businesses.
On April 28, 1893, an F4 tornado struck the center of the business district of Cisco, killing 28 people and destroying or severely damaging every building in town. The city hall, every church and school, and an estimated 500 homes were destroyed.[6][7]
Conrad Hilton started the Hilton Hotel chain with a single hotel bought in Cisco. Hilton came to Cisco to buy a bank, but the bank cost too much, so he purchased the Mobley Hotel in 1919. The hotel is now a local museum and community center.[8]
During the 1920s, Cisco, like nearby Ranger, Eastland, and Desdemona, was a petroleumboomtown.[9] Although Cisco played a relatively minor role in the Eastland County oil boom of 1919–21, its population grew rapidly at the time, with some estimates as high as 15,000; in the wake of the boom, Cisco adopted a city charter and built a new railroad station that cost $25,000, a value of $310,597.88 in 2015. [7]
The Santa Claus Bank Robbery occurred in Cisco on December 23, 1927, when Marshall Ratliff and his gang attempted to rob the First National Bank. As of August 2009, the bank site is occupied by an auto parts store, with a Texas Historical Commission sign commemorating the event.[11]
On May 9, 2015, an area just south of the city was hit by a large tornado, destroying several homes, killing one person, and critically injuring one more.[12]
Largest concrete swimming pool in the world
Cisco in its early days was plagued with inadequate water supply. In the 1920s, the Williamson Dam was built north of town, resulting in the formation of Lake Cisco. The dam was named after James Milton Williamson, long-time mayor and survivor of the 1893 tornado. At its base was built what was billed as the largest concrete swimming pool in the world. The complex boasted a two-story building with a skating rink upstairs, a zoo, an amusement park with rides, and a park. Bob Wills was only one of the celebrities to entertain there. For decades, it was a major attraction for folks from miles around. The hollow dam was at one time open to the public, but this is no longer the case. The pool closed in the 1970s and the vacant skating rink burned a few years later.[13]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.9 square miles (12.8km2), of which 2.216 acres (8,966m2), or 0.07%, is covered by water.[5]
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 3,883 people, 1,329 households, and 905 families residing in the city.
2000 census
As of the census[2] of 2000, 3,851 people, 1,491 households, and 970 families resided in the city. The population density was 794.1 inhabitants per square mile (306.6/km2). The 1,849 housing units averaged 381.3 per square mile (147.2/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 90.00% White, 3.87% African American, 0.68% Native American, 0.16% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 4.02% from other races, and 1.22% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 10.00% of the population.
Of the 1,491 households, 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.3% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.9% were not families; 31.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.03.
In the city, the population was distributed as 24.0% under the age of 18, 13.4% from 18 to 24, 21.7% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 19.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $24,069, and for a family was $31,833. Males had a median income of $27,222 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,504. About 13.0% of families and 21.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.3% of those under age 18 and 20.0% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Cisco is served by the Cisco Independent School District. The Cisco High School football team (Loboes) won the 2A Div ll championship game against Refugio High School (Bobcats) at Dallas Cowboys AT&T Stadium in Arlington on December 19, 2013. The championship was Cisco's first. The mascot for Cisco High School is the Loboes, proudly misspelled for decades, and their colors are black and gold.
Cisco College, an affordable, two-year college, was established in Cisco in 1940. It is one of two community colleges in Eastland County. The college mascot is the Wranglers, and their school colors are blue and white.
Eastland County is a county located in central West Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 17,725. The county seat is Eastland. The county was founded in 1858 and later organized in 1873. It is named for William Mosby Eastland, a soldier during the Texas Revolution and the only officer to die as a result of the "Black Bean executions" of the Mier Expedition.
Silverton is a city in Briscoe County, Texas, United States. The population was 629 at the 2020 census.
White Deer is a town in Carson County, Texas, United States. The population was 918 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Amarillo metropolitan statistical area.
Melissa is a city in Collin County, Texas, United States. The population was 4,695 at the 2010 census, up from 1,350 at the 2000 census; in 2020, its population grew to 13,901.
Valley View is a city in Cooke County, Texas, United States. Its population was 737 at the 2020 census.
Paducah is a town in Cottle County, Texas, United States. The population was 1,063 at the 2020 census, down from 1,186 in 2010. It is the county seat of Cottle County. It is just south of the Texas Panhandle and east of the Llano Estacado.
Lamesa is a city in and the county seat of Dawson County, Texas, United States. The population was 8,674 at the 2020 census, down from 9,952 at the 2000 census. Located south of Lubbock on the Llano Estacado, Lamesa was founded in 1903. Most of its economy is based on cotton farming. The Preston E. Smith prison unit, named for the former governor of Texas, is located just outside Lamesa.
Eastland is a city in Eastland County, Texas, United States. The population was 3,609 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Eastland County.
Ranger is a city in Eastland County, Texas, United States. Its population was 2,300 at the 2020 census. Ranger College, a community college, is the second-largest employer in the community.
Rocksprings is a town in and the county seat of Edwards County, Texas, United States. At the 2020 census, the town population was 874, down from 1,182 at the 2010 census and 1,285 at the 2000 census. The town received its name from natural springs associated with the porous limestone rocks in the area.
Gruver is a city in Hansford County, Texas, United States. The population was 1,130 at the 2020 census. Farwell, in the center of Hansford County, approximately three miles east of what became Gruver, was established in 1880 by the Canott family of Illinois, and was the first town in the county. Gruver was established shortly after, and Farwell rapidly fell into oblivion after 1889, when it lost a county seat election to Hansford.
Hubbard is a city in Hill County, Texas, United States. It was named for Texas Governor Richard B. Hubbard. The city is 42 miles (68 km) northeast of Waco.The population was 1,394 at the 2020 census, down from 1,423 at the 2010 census.
Jacksboro is a city in Jack County, Texas, in the United States. Its population was 4,184 at the 2020 census. U.S. Highways 281 and 380, and Texas State Highways 114 and 199 intersect at Jacksboro, which is the county seat of Jack County.
Jasper is a city in and the county seat of Jasper County, Texas, United States. Its population was 6,884 at the 2020 U.S. Census, down from 7,590 at the 2010 U.S. Census. Jasper is situated in the Deep East Texas subregion, about 40 miles (64 km) west of the Texas-Louisiana state line. Jasper holds an annual Butterfly Festival the first Saturday in October to celebrate the migration of the monarch butterflies.
Forney is a city in Kaufman County, Texas, United States, and has been named by the Texas Legislature as the "Antique Capital of Texas". It is part of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The population was 23,455 at the 2020 census.
Bowie is a town in Montague County, Texas, United States. The population was 5,448 at the 2020 census.
Matador is a town in and the county seat of Motley County, Texas, United States. Its population was 569 at the 2020 census. In 1891, it was established by and named for the Matador Ranch. It is located 95 miles (153 km) east of Lubbock, Texas.
Clarksville is a city and county seat of Red River County, Texas, United States, in the northernmost part of the Piney Woods region of East Texas. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 2,857.
Moran is a city in southeast Shackelford County, Texas, United States. The population was 226 at the 2020 census.
Fritch is a city in Moore and Hutchinson Counties, Texas, United States. The population was 1,859 at the 2020 census.
↑ Grazulis, Thomas P. (1993). Significant tornadoes, 1680-1991: A Chronology and Analysis of Events. St. Johnsbury, Vermont: Environmental Films. p.662. ISBN1-879362-03-1.
↑ Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.[17]
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