Collagen, type XV, alpha 1

COL15A1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3N3F
Identifiers
Aliases	COL15A1 , collagen type XV alpha 1 chain
External IDs	OMIM: 120325 MGI: 88449 HomoloGene: 1396 GeneCards: COL15A1
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 9 (human)
End	99,070,792 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 4 (mouse)
End	47,313,167 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	placenta; ; synovial joint; ; cardia; ; right ventricle; ; pericardium; ; superficial temporal artery; ; saphenous vein; ; vena cava; ; pylorus; ; synovial membrane;
	Top expressed in
	ascending aorta; ; aortic valve; ; sciatic nerve; ; white adipose tissue; ; extraocular muscle; ; uterus; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; thoracic diaphragm; ; esophagus; ; lip;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	extracellular matrix structural constituent ; structural molecule activity ; extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring tensile strength ;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane ; basement membrane ; collagen ; endoplasmic reticulum lumen ; extracellular exosome ; collagen type XV trimer ; extracellular region ; extracellular matrix ; extracellular space ; collagen-containing extracellular matrix ;
Biological process	collagen catabolic process ; multicellular organism development ; cell differentiation ; angiogenesis ; signal transduction ; cell adhesion ; extracellular matrix organization ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1306
	12819
	ENSG00000204291
	ENSMUSG00000028339
	P39059
	O35206
	NM_001855
	NM_009928
	NP_001846
	NP_034058
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated April 06, 2024

Collagen alpha-1(XV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL15A1 gene.^[5]^[6]

This gene encodes the alpha chain of type XV collagen, a member of the FACIT collagen family (fibril-associated collagens with interrupted helices). Type XV collagen has a wide tissue distribution but the strongest expression is localized to basement membrane zones so it may function to adhere basement membranes to underlying connective tissue stroma. Mouse studies have shown that collagen XV deficiency is associated with muscle and microvessel deterioration.^[6]

Type XV collagen is known to be a tumor suppressor that can be used to understand tumor cells environment. Type XV collagen provides the membrane with support and cell anchorage but does not typically have a tight structural network.^[7]

Changes of collagen XV can be known to lead to cancer-like behavior in tissues. The loss of collagen XV would no longer provide structural support for the membrane, which can cause tumor cells to invade the basement membrane; prompting possible metastasis. The over expression of collagen XV is known to be found in cervical cancer.^[8]

For possible future medical purposes the lack of collagen XV present in tissues can be a means for indication of an invasive tumor.^[8]

Related Research Articles

Lysyl oxidase (LOX), also known as protein-lysine 6-oxidase, is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the LOX gene. It catalyzes the conversion of lysine residues into its aldehyde derivative allysine. Allysine form cross-links in extracellular matrix proteins. Inhibition of lysyl oxidase can cause osteolathyrism, but, at the same time, its upregulation by tumor cells may promote metastasis of the existing tumor, causing it to become malignant and cancerous.

Type XVIII collagen is a type of collagen which can be cleaved to form endostatin. The endostatin is from the c terminus end of the collagen XVIII, and is known to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of blood vessels. This is seen with tumors, where endostatin inhibits the growth of the blood vessels of the tumor as well as the overall growth of the tumor.

Collagen alpha-1(V) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL5A1 gene.

Collagen alpha-5(IV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A5 gene.

Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL18A1 gene.

Collagen alpha-3(IV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A3 gene.

Collagen alpha-1(IV) chain (COL4A1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A1 gene on chromosome 13. It is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues and cell types. COL4A1 is a subunit of the type IV collagen and plays a role in angiogenesis. Mutations in the gene have been linked to diseases of the brain, muscle, kidney, eye, and cardiovascular system. The COL4A1 gene also contains one of 27 SNPs associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease.

Protein disulfide-isomerase, also known as the beta-subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4HB), is an enzyme that in humans encoded by the P4HB gene. The human P4HB gene is localized in chromosome 17q25. Unlike other prolyl 4-hydroxylase family proteins, this protein is multifunctional and acts as an oxidoreductase for disulfide formation, breakage, and isomerization. The activity of P4HB is tightly regulated. Both dimer dissociation and substrate binding are likely to enhance its enzymatic activity during the catalysis process.

Collagen alpha-4(IV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A4 gene.

Collagen alpha-2(IV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A2 gene.

Laminin subunit gamma-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LAMC2 gene.

Laminin subunit alpha-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LAMA3 gene.

Laminin subunit alpha-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LAMA2 gene.

Collagen alpha-6(IV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A6 gene.

Collagen alpha-1(XII) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL12A1 gene.

Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the P4HA1 gene.

Collagen alpha-1(VIII) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL8A1 gene.

Collagen alpha-1(XIII) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL13A1 gene.

Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the P4HA2 gene.

Integrin alpha-11 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ITGA11 gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000204291 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028339 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Huebner K, Cannizzaro LA, Jabs EW, Kivirikko S, Manzone H, Pihlajaniemi T, Myers JC (October 1992). "Chromosomal assignment of a gene encoding a new collagen type (COL15A1) to 9q21 → q22". Genomics. 14 (2): 220–4. doi: 10.1016/S0888-7543(05)80209-5 . PMID 1427836.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: COL15A1 collagen, type XV, alpha 1".
↑ Bretaud, Sandrine; Guillon, Emilie; Karppinen, Sanna-Maria; Pihlajaniemi, Taina; Ruggiero, Florence (2020-05-01). "Collagen XV, a multifaceted multiplexin present across tissues and species". Matrix Biology Plus. 6–7: 100023. doi: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2020.100023 . ISSN 2590-0285. PMC 7852327 . PMID 33543021.
1 2 Clementz AG, Harris A (December 2013). "Collagen XV: exploring its structure and role within the tumor microenvironment". Molecular Cancer Research. 11 (12): 1481–6. doi:10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-12-0662. PMC 4159701 . PMID 24043668.

Myers JC, Kivirikko S, Gordon MK, Dion AS, Pihlajaniemi T (November 1992). "Identification of a previously unknown human collagen chain, alpha 1(XV), characterized by extensive interruptions in the triple-helical region". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89 (21): 10144–8. Bibcode:1992PNAS...8910144M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.21.10144 . PMC 50294 . PMID 1279671.
Kivirikko S, Heinämäki P, Rehn M, Honkanen N, Myers JC, Pihlajaniemi T (February 1994). "Primary structure of the alpha 1 chain of human type XV collagen and exon-intron organization in the 3' region of the corresponding gene". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (7): 4773–9. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)37611-1 . PMID 8106446.
Muragaki Y, Abe N, Ninomiya Y, Olsen BR, Ooshima A (February 1994). "The human alpha 1(XV) collagen chain contains a large amino-terminal non-triple helical domain with a tandem repeat structure and homology to alpha 1(XVIII) collagen". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (6): 4042–6. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)41739-X . PMID 8307960.
Myers JC, Dion AS, Abraham V, Amenta PS (December 1996). "Type XV collagen exhibits a widespread distribution in human tissues but a distinct localization in basement membrane zones". Cell and Tissue Research. 286 (3): 493–505. doi:10.1007/s004410050719. PMID 8929352. S2CID 37769206.
Hägg PM, Hägg PO, Peltonen S, Autio-Harmainen H, Pihlajaniemi T (June 1997). "Location of type XV collagen in human tissues and its accumulation in the interstitial matrix of the fibrotic kidney". The American Journal of Pathology. 150 (6): 2075–86. PMC 1858337 . PMID 9176399.
Hägg PM, Muona A, Liétard J, Kivirikko S, Pihlajaniemi T (July 1998). "Complete exon-intron organization of the human gene for the alpha1 chain of type XV collagen (COL15A1) and comparison with the homologous COL18A1 gene". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (28): 17824–31. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.28.17824 . PMID 9651385.
Ramchandran R, Dhanabal M, Volk R, Waterman MJ, Segal M, Lu H, et al. (February 1999). "Antiangiogenic activity of restin, NC10 domain of human collagen XV: comparison to endostatin". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 255 (3): 735–9. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.0248. PMID 10049780.
Li D, Clark CC, Myers JC (July 2000). "Basement membrane zone type XV collagen is a disulfide-bonded chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in human tissues and cultured cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (29): 22339–47. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M000519200 . PMID 10791950.
Nishi M, Mizushima A, Nakagawara K, Takeshima H (July 2000). "Characterization of human junctophilin subtype genes". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 273 (3): 920–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.3011. PMID 10891348.
Eklund L, Muona A, Liétard J, Pihlajaniemi T (November 2000). "Structure of the mouse type XV collagen gene, Col15a1, comparison with the human COL15A1 gene and functional analysis of the promoters of both genes". Matrix Biology. 19 (6): 489–500. doi:10.1016/S0945-053X(00)00090-1. PMID 11068203.
Tomono Y, Naito I, Ando K, Yonezawa T, Sado Y, Hirakawa S, et al. (February 2002). "Epitope-defined monoclonal antibodies against multiplexin collagens demonstrate that type XV and XVIII collagens are expressed in specialized basement membranes". Cell Structure and Function. 27 (1): 9–20. doi: 10.1247/csf.27.9 . PMID 11937714.
Myers JC, Amenta PS, Dion AS, Sciancalepore JP, Nagaswami C, Weisel JW, Yurchenco PD (June 2007). "The molecular structure of human tissue type XV presents a unique conformation among the collagens". The Biochemical Journal. 404 (3): 535–44. doi:10.1042/BJ20070201. PMC 1896284 . PMID 17355226.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000204291 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028339 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid1427836-5] Huebner K, Cannizzaro LA, Jabs EW, Kivirikko S, Manzone H, Pihlajaniemi T, Myers JC (October 1992). "Chromosomal assignment of a gene encoding a new collagen type (COL15A1) to 9q21 → q22". Genomics. 14 (2): 220–4. doi: 10.1016/S0888-7543(05)80209-5 . PMID 1427836.

[entrez-6] 1 2 "Entrez Gene: COL15A1 collagen, type XV, alpha 1".

[7] Bretaud, Sandrine; Guillon, Emilie; Karppinen, Sanna-Maria; Pihlajaniemi, Taina; Ruggiero, Florence (2020-05-01). "Collagen XV, a multifaceted multiplexin present across tissues and species". Matrix Biology Plus. 6–7: 100023. doi: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2020.100023 . ISSN 2590-0285. PMC 7852327 . PMID 33543021.

[:0-8] 1 2 Clementz AG, Harris A (December 2013). "Collagen XV: exploring its structure and role within the tumor microenvironment". Molecular Cancer Research. 11 (12): 1481–6. doi:10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-12-0662. PMC 4159701 . PMID 24043668.

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Collagen, type XV, alpha 1

Related Research Articles

References

Further reading