Colydiinae

Last updated

Colydiinae
Temporal range: Cenomanian–Present
Bitoma crenata upside.jpg
Bitoma crenata
Imago
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Infraorder: Cucujiformia
Family: Zopheridae
Subfamily: Colydiinae
Billberg, 1820
Diversity
About 140 genera in 6–9 tribes
Synonyms

Colydiidae

Synchita variegata associated with Kretzschmaria deusta

Colydiinae is a subfamily of beetles, commonly known as cylindrical bark beetles. They have been treated historically as a family Colydiidae, but have been moved into the Zopheridae, where they constitute the bulk of the diversity of the newly expanded family, with about 140 genera worldwide. They are diverse for example in the Australian region, from where about 35 genera are known; in Europe, though, only 20 genera are found and many of these only with few species. [1] [2] [3] [4]

Contents

Little is known about the biology of these beetles. Most feed on fungi, others are carnivores and eat small arthropods such as bark beetles.  [5]

Systematics and taxonomy

Up to 9 tribes are accepted by various authors; others, however, synonymize some of these. Formerly, many additional tribes were recognized, but the Synchitini, for example, are today generally held to include a number of these tribes, and are even sometimes merged into the Colydiini. [3]

The tribes are:

Delimitation of the Colydiinae against the other lineages of Zopheridae is usually unproblematic. The only significant case of dispute may be the Pycnomerini, which is a small lineage of Zopheridae incertae sedis and was formerly considered an independent family like the "Colydiidae". That treatment is almost certainly wrong, but whether these beetles should be placed in Zopheridae as an additional subfamily Pycnomerinae, or treated as tribe Pycnomerini – and if the latter, whether they are better included in the Colydiinae or the Zopherinae – is still disputed.

Selected genera

Genera of cylindrical bark beetles include:[ verification needed ]

Colydium elongatum of the tribe Colydiini Colydium.elongatum.-.calwer.14.30.jpg
Colydium elongatum of the tribe Colydiini
Orthocerus clavicornis of the disputed tribe Orthocerini Orthocerus.clavicornis.-.calwer.14.22.jpg
Orthocerus clavicornis of the disputed tribe Orthocerini
Synchita variegata of the disputed tribe Synchitini Synchita.variegata.-.calwer.14.28.jpg
Synchita variegata of the disputed tribe Synchitini

The genera Pycnomerodes , Pycnomerus and Rhizonium are sometimes included in the Colydiinae too. Other authors consider the latter incertae sedis among the Tenebrionoidea; for the former two, see above. The species Xylolaemus sakhnovi was described in 2014 from a fossil preserved in Baltic amber, which dates to the Middle Eocene. This was the first species of Xylolaemus described from the fossil record. [6] The extinct genus Paleoendeitoma, belonging to the extant tribe Synchitini is known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber of Myanmar.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tenebrionoidea</span> Superfamily of beetles

The Tenebrionoidea are a very large and diverse superfamily of beetles. It generally corresponds to the Heteromera of earlier authors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zopheridae</span> Family of beetles

Zopheridae is a family of beetles belonging to Tenebrionoidea. It has grown considerably in recent years as the members of two other families have been included within its circumscription; these former families are the Monommatidae and the Colydiidae, which are now both included in the Zopheridae as subfamilies or even as tribe of subfamily Zopherinae. Some authors accept up to six subfamilies here, while others merge all except the Colydiinae into the Zopherinae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trogossitidae</span> Family of beetles

Trogossitidae, also known as bark-gnawing beetles, are a small family in the superfamily Cleroidea. Many taxa formerly within this family have been removed to other families, such as Lophocateridae, Peltidae, Protopeltidae, Rentoniidae, and Thymalidae. Members of the family are generally predatory and/or feed on fungi, both in adult and larval stages, and are generally associated with wood, being found under bark or inside bored tunnel galleries. There are about 400 species in 25 genera in the family under the new, restricted circumscription, as opposed to 600 species in over 50 genera in the old definition. The oldest fossil assignable to the modern, more restricted definition of the family is Microtrogossita from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber of Myanmar, which has close affinities to the Trogossitini, indicating that the family had already considerably diversified by this time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bothrideridae</span> Family of beetles

Bothrideridae is a family of beetles in the superfamily Coccinelloidea. They are known commonly as the cocoon-forming beetles or dry bark beetles. They occur worldwide with most native to the Old World tropics. In older literature, the family was often included in the family Colydiidae, but is now considered unrelated.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Silvanidae</span> Family of beetles

Silvanidae, "silvan flat bark beetles", is a family of beetles in the superfamily Cucujoidea, consisting of 68 described genera and about 500 described species. The family is represented on all continents except Antarctica, and is most diverse at both the generic and species levels in the Old World tropics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salpingidae</span> Family of beetles

Salpingidae or narrow-waisted bark beetles is a family of beetles in the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. The species are small, about 1.5 – 7 mm in length. The family is globally distributed and consists of about 45 genera and 300 species, which are generally found in the temperate regions of both hemispheres. The family is mainly associated with plants as well as with ascomycete and hyphomycete fungi. Some members of the family are associated with unusual habitats, like Aegialites and Antarcticodomus, which are found in coastal areas including the intertidal zone, with former feeding on algae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Monotomidae</span> Family of beetles

Monotomidae is a family of beetles in the superfamily Cucujoidea. The family is found worldwide, with approximately 240 species in 33 genera. The ecological habits of the family are diverse, with different members of the group being found under tree bark, in decaying vegetation, on flowers and in ant nests. Their ecology is obscure, while at least some species are mycophagous, feeding on the fruiting bodies of ascomycete fungi, Rhyzophagus are predators on bark beetles and possibly Phoridae larvae, with the larvae of some species also being mycophagous.

<i>Namunaria</i> Genus of beetles

Namunaria is a genus of cylindrical bark beetles in the family Zopheridae, first described by Edmund Reitter in 1882. There are at least two described species in Namunaria.

Phloeonemus is a genus of cylindrical bark beetles in the family Zopheridae. There are at least three described species in Phloeonemus.

<i>Microprius</i> Genus of beetles

Microprius is a genus of cylindrical bark beetles in the family Zopheridae. There are at least two described species in Microprius.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Synchitini</span> Tribe of beetles

Synchitini is a tribe of cylindrical bark beetles in the family Zopheridae. There are about 19 genera and at least 40 described species in Synchitini.

Eudesma is a genus of cylindrical bark beetles in the family Zopheridae. There is one described species in Eudesma, E. undulata.

<i>Pycnomerus</i> Genus of beetles

Pycnomerus is a genus of ironclad beetles in the family Zopheridae. There are more than 20 described species in Pycnomerus.

Megataphrus is a genus of cylindrical bark beetles in the family Zopheridae. There are at least three described species in Megataphrus.

Lobogestoria is a genus of cylindrical bark beetles in the family Zopheridae. There is one described species in Lobogestoria, L. gibbicollis.

Monoedus is a genus of cylindrical bark beetles in the family Zopheridae. There are about eight described species in Monoedus.

<i>Coxelus</i> Genus of beetles

Coxelus is a genus of cylindrical bark beetles in the family Zopheridae. There are about 10 described species of Coxelus.

<i>Nematidium</i> Genus of beetles

Nematidium is a genus of cylindrical bark beetles in the family Zopheridae. There are at least three described species in Nematidium.

<i>Synchita</i> Genus of beetles

Synchita is a genus of cylindrical bark beetles in the family Zopheridae. There are about 20 described species in Synchita. The genus was first described in 1792 by Johann Christian Ludwig Hellwig.

References

  1. ↑ Ślipiński, SA; Lawrence, JF (1999). "Phylogeny and classification of Zopheridae sensu novo (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) with a review of the genera of Zopheridae (excluding Monommatini)" (PDF). Annales Zoologici. 49 (1/"): 1–53. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-20.
  2. ↑ Ivie, Michael A. (2002): [Colydiinae]. In: Arnett, Ross H. Jr. & Thomas, Michael C. (eds.): American Beetles (Vol. 2: Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea). CRC Press. ISBN   978-0-8493-0954-0
  3. 1 2 Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS) (2010): Australian Faunal Directory – Colydiinae checklist. Version of 2011-OCT-20. Retrieved 2012-MAR-31.
  4. ↑ Fauna Europaea (FE) (2011): Colydiinae. Version 2.4, 2011-JAN-24. Retrieved 2012-MAR-31.
  5. ↑ Hawkeswood, Trevor (1987): Beetles of Australia. Angus and Robertson, North Ryde, New South Wales. ISBN   0-207-15352-3
  6. ↑ Alekseev, VI; Lord, NP (2014). "A new species of Xylolaemus (Coleoptera: Zopheridae: Colydiinae) from Baltic amber". Baltic Journal of Coleopterology. 14 (1): 97–102. ISSN   1407-8619.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.