The Commonwealth Games sports comprise all the sports officially recognised and approved by the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF). There are a total of 16 core sports and a further 4 core para-sports that are competed at every games. [1] In addition, the CGF allow organising committees to choose from various optional sports and disciplines to complete their games' program.
At the 1930 British Empire Games, the precursor to the modern Games, there were six sports: athletics, aquatics (swimming and diving), boxing, lawn bowls, rowing, and wrestling.
If a number of activities are controlled by the same international federation then the Commonwealth Games Federation recognises each activity as a discipline, which belongs to the respective sport. For example, shooting, which is organised by the International Shooting Sport Federation, is a sport at the Commonwealth Games that comprises four disciplines: clay target, full bore, pistol, and small bore. Furthermore, events for elite athletes with a disability (EAD) comprise a separate discipline within a sport from events for able-bodied athletes. This is the case both for sports where events for EAD and able-bodied athletes are organised by the different federations, as with athletics and World Athletics and the International Paralympic Committee, and for sports where there is a single federation, as with lawn bowls and the World Bowls.
Sports and disciplines feature separate events for which athletes can receive medals. For example, boxing has a number of weight divisions, gymnastics and diving have a number of styles, while athletics has numerous events based upon a wide range of activities.
The Commonwealth Games sports are divided into three main types: core sports, optional sports, and recognised sports. Sixteen core sports and four core para-sports must be included in the Games program, while the host nation may choose to include a number of optional sports and disciplines. Recognised sports are sports which have been approved by the CGF but are deemed to need further growth before their inclusion. [2] The host nation may also apply for the inclusion of a maximum of four team sports to the CGF General Assembly, as the Melbourne organising committee did with basketball for the 2006 Games.
The CGF recognises Commonwealth Games records for a number of sports. In 2002, the CGF introduced the David Dixon Award for the outstanding athlete of the Games.
The following sports (or disciplines of a sport) make up the core, optional and discontinued Commonwealth Games official program and are listed alphabetically according to the name used by the CGF. The figures in each cell indicate the number of events for each sport contested at the respective Games; a bullet (•) denotes that the sport was contested as a demonstration sport. The Commonwealth Games Charter requires games to include 20 core sports, disciplines and para-sports.
Para-sports were first included in the official program as demonstration sports in 1994 before being fully integrated into the main program in 2002. Between 1962 and 1974, Commonwealth Paraplegic Games were organised directly preceding the able body games; a "p" below denotes that a para-sport was part of the Paraplegic Games program for that year.
Eleven sports consist or have consisted of multiple disciplines. Disciplines from the same sport are grouped under the same color:
Aquatics – Archery – Athletics – Basketball – Cycling – Gymnastics – Lawn bowls – Shooting – Table tennis – Triathlon – Wrestling
Sport (Discipline) | Body | 11 | 30 | 34 | 38 | 50 | 54 | 58 | 62 | 66 | 70 | 74 | 78 | 82 | 86 | 90 | 94 | 98 | 02 | 06 | 10 | 14 | 18 | 22 | 26 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Current core sports | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Swimming | FINA | 2 | 11 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 15 | 23 | 24 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | ✔ | ||||||||
Swimming (para) | IPC | p | p | p | p | 2 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 14 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Athletics | WAthle | 5 | 21 | 30 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 31 | 34 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 41 | 46 | 46 | 47 | 46 | 44 | 46 | 45 | ✔ | ||||||||
Athletics (para) | IPC | p | p | p | p | 2 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 13 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Road cycling | UCI | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | ✔ | |||||||||||
Artistic gymnastics | FIG | • | 4 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Lawn bowls | World Bowls | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | ✔ | ||||||||||
Lawn bowls (para) | p | p | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | ✔ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Table tennis | ITTF | • | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triathlon | WT | • | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ✔ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Freestyle wrestling | UWW | 1 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 14 | 14 | 12 | 12 | ||||||||||||
Badminton | BWF | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||
Boxing | AIBA | 1 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 13 | 16 | 16 | ✔ | ||||||||
Field hockey | FIH | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Judo | IJF | 14 | 16 | 14 | 14 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Netball | INF | • | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ✔ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Powerlifting (para) | IPC | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | ✔ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rugby sevens | WR | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Squash | WSF | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weightlifting | IWF | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 | 30 | 24 | 45 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | ✔ | ||||||||||||
Current optional sports | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diving | FINA | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 12 | ✔ | |||||||||
Archery (recurve) | WArch | 2 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basketball 3x3 | FIBA | 2 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wheelchair basketball 3x3 | IWBF | 2 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mountain biking | UCI | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Track cycling | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 12 | 14 | 13 | 16 | 16 | ✔ | |||||||||||
Track cycling (para) | 4 | 4 | 4 | ✔ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rhythmic gymnastics | FIG | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Clay Target | ISSF | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 12 | 12 | 8 | 6 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Full Bore | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Pistol | 3 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 5 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Small Bore | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 6 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Table tennis (para) | ITTF | p | p | p | p | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | ✔ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Triathlon (para) | WT | 2 | 2 | ✔ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beach volleyball | FIVB | 2 | 2 | ✔ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cricket | ICC | 1 | 1 | ✔ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Discontinued sports | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synchronized swimming | FINA | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Water Polo | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Archery (compound) | WArch | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basketball | FIBA | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greco-Roman wrestling | UWW | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fencing | FIE | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rowing | FISA | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tennis | ITF | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ten-pin bowling | WBO | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total events | 9 | 59 | 68 | 72 | 87 | 90 | 93 | 103 | 109 | 120 | 121 | 128 | 143 | 148 | 216 | 221 | 217 | 280 | 247 | 283 | 261 | 275 | 280 |
Commonwealth Games programs have also contained a number of demonstration sports, also variously called exhibition sports. The following sports or disciplines have been demonstrated at the Commonwealth Games for the years shown, but have never been included in the main program. [3] [4] [5]
In 2014 and 2018, rugby league nines competitions were held preceding the games. These were endorsed by the CGF but were not listed as official demonstration sports. [6] [7]
In October 2021, the CGF announced a new games roadmap that will, starting with the 2026 Games, change the requirements for sports competed at the games. [8] The roadmap suggests that approximately 15 sports should be competed at each games. There will be a new category of "Compulsory Sports", containing just athletics and swimming as well as their para-sport disciplines, and these will be the only sports that hosts are required to include in their program. The category of "Core Sports" will be expanded to include all other current core and optional sports; however, these will not be mandatory and it will be at the hosts' discretion how many are included in their program. Hosts will also be permitted to propose other sports beyond this core list for inclusion based on their popularity in the host nation or region. [9]
The Commonwealth Games is a quadrennial international multi-sport event among athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations, which mostly consists of territories of the former British Empire. The event was first held in 1930 and, with the exception of 1942 and 1946, has successively run every four years since. The event was called the British Empire Games from 1930 to 1950, the British Empire and Commonwealth Games from 1954 to 1966, and British Commonwealth Games from 1970 to 1974. Athletes with a disability are included as full members of their national teams since 2002, making the Commonwealth Games the first fully inclusive international multi-sport event. In 2018, the Games became the first global multi-sport event to feature an equal number of men's and women's medal events, and four years later they became the first global multi-sport event to have more events for women than men.
The 1998 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XVI Commonwealth Games, was a multi-sport event held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This edition is marked by several unprecedented facts in the history of the event. The 1998 games were the first held in an Asian country and the last Commonwealth Games of the 20th century. This was also the first time the games took place in a nation with a head of state other than the Head of the Commonwealth, and the first time the games were held in a country whose majority of the population did not have English as the first language. For the first time ever, the games included team sports. The other bid from the 1998 games came from Adelaide in Australia. Malaysia was the eighth nation to host the Commonwealth Games after Canada, England, Australia, New Zealand, Wales, Jamaica and Scotland. Around 3638 athletes from 70 Commonwealth member nations participated at the games which featured 214 events in 15 sports with 34 of them collected medals.
A demonstration sport, or exhibition sport, is a sport which is played to promote it, rather than as part of standard medal competition. This occurs commonly during the Olympic Games, but may also occur at other sporting events.
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The Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF), currently known as Commonwealth Sport, is the international organisation responsible for the direction and control of the Commonwealth Games and Commonwealth Youth Games, and is the governing body of the Commonwealth Games Associations (CGA). The headquarters of CGF are located in London, England.
The Commonwealth Shooting Federation Championships is a shooting championship for Commonwealth countries. Organised by the Commonwealth Shooting Federation, it is typically held as a test event for the Commonwealth Games to validate the preparations for the venue and technical officials.
The 2018 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXI Commonwealth Games and also known as Gold Coast 2018, was an international multi-sport event for members of the Commonwealth that was held on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, between 4 and 15 April 2018. It was the fifth time Australia had hosted the Commonwealth Games and the first time a major multi-sport had an equal number of events for male and female athletes.
The 2015 Commonwealth Youth Games, officially known as the V Commonwealth Youth Games, and commonly known as Samoa 2015, was the fifth Commonwealth Youth Games which started in the year 2000. It was held from 5 to 11 September, 2015 in Apia, the capital of Samoa. Samoa were the only bidders for the Games.
Gymnastics is one of the sports at the quadrennial Commonwealth Games.
Bowls is one of the sports at the quadrennial Commonwealth Games competition. It has been a Commonwealth Games sport since the inaugural edition of the event's precursor, the 1930 British Empire Games. It is a core sport and must be included in the sporting programme of each edition of the Games; however, it was not included in the programme of the 1966 Commonwealth Games in Kingston, Jamaica due to no sufficient bowling greens being available. Along with swimming, athletics, cycling, table tennis, powerlifting and triathlon, bowls is one of the EAD sports.
Shooting sports have been contested at the Commonwealth Games at every games since 1966 with the exception of the 1970 and 2022 Commonwealth Games.
The 2022 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXII Commonwealth Games and commonly known as Birmingham 2022, was an international multi-sport event for members of the Commonwealth of Nations that took place in Birmingham, England between 28 July and 8 August 2022. It was the third and seventh time England and the United Kingdom hosted the Commonwealth Games, respectively.
The Commonwealth Paraplegic Games were an international, multi-sport event involving athletes with a disability from the Commonwealth countries. The event was sometimes referred to as the Paraplegic Empire Games and British Commonwealth Paraplegic Games. Athletes were generally those with spinal injuries or polio. The Games were an important milestone in the Paralympic sports movement as they began the decline of the Stoke Mandeville Games' dominating influence. The event was first held in 1962 and disestablished in 1974. The Games were held in the country hosting the Commonwealth Games for able-bodied athletes, a tradition eventually fully adopted by the larger Olympic and Paralympic movements.
The Cook Islands competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in the Gold Coast, Australia from April 4 to April 15, 2018. The Cook Islands delegation consisted of 18 athletes that competed across four sports: athletics, lawn bowls, swimming and weightlifting. It was The Cook Islands's 11th appearance at the Commonwealth Games.
Jamaica competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in the Gold Coast, Australia from 4 to 15 April 2018. It was Jamaica's 17th appearance at the Commonwealth Games.
There have been concerns and controversies about the 2022 Commonwealth Games, which were held in Birmingham, England.
Athletics was one of the core sports that was held at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, England. As a founding sport, athletics had appeared consistently since its introduction at the 1911 Inter-Empire Games, the recognized precursor to the Commonwealth Games.
Lawn bowls was among the sports contested at the 2022 Commonwealth Games, to be held in England. This was the twenty-first staging of lawn bowls at the Commonwealth Games having featured in every Games bar 1966, and the third staging within England specifically.
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