Ctenus

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Ctenus
Ctenus medius.jpg
Ctenus medius
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Ctenidae
Genus: Ctenus
Walckenaer, 1805 [1]
Type species
C. dubius
Walckenaer, 1805
Species

157, see text

Synonyms [1]

Ctenus is a genus of wandering spiders first described by Charles Athanase Walckenaer in 1805. [2] It is widely distributed, from South America through Africa to East Asia. [1] Little is known about the toxic potential of the genus Ctenus; however, Ctenus medius has been shown to share some toxic properties with Phoneutria nigriventer , such as proteolytic, hyaluronidase and phospholipase activities, in addition to producing hyperalgesia and edema. The venom of C. medius also interferes with the complement system in concentrations in which the venom of P. nigriventer is inactive, indicating that some species in the genus may have a medically significant venom. [3] The venom of C. medius interferes with the complement component 3 (C3) of the complement system; it affects the central factor of the cascades of the complement, and interferes with the lytic activity of this system, which causes stronger activation and consumption of the complement components. Unlike C. medius, the venom of P. nigriventer does not interfere with lytic activity. [3]

Species

As of August 2022 it contains 157 species: [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wandering spider</span> Family of spiders

Wandering spiders (Ctenidae) are a family of spiders that includes the Brazilian wandering spiders. These spiders have a distinctive longitudinal groove on the top-rear of their oval carapace similar to those of the Amaurobiidae. They are highly defensive and venomous nocturnal hunters. Wandering spiders are known to hunt large prey, for example hylid species Dendropsophus branneri. Despite their notoriety for being dangerous, only a few members of Phoneutria have venom known to be hazardous to humans, but the venoms of this family are poorly known, so all larger ctenids should be treated with caution.

<i>Lycosa</i> Genus of spiders

Lycosa is a genus of wolf spiders distributed throughout most of the world. Sometimes called the "true tarantula", though not closely related to the spiders most commonly called tarantulas today, Lycosa spp. can be distinguished from common wolf spiders by their relatively large size. This genus includes the European Lycosa tarantula, which was once associated with tarantism, a dubious affliction whose symptoms included shaking, cold sweats, and a high fever, asserted to be curable only by the traditional tarantella dance. No scientific substantiation of that myth is known; the venom of Lycosa spiders is generally not harmful.

<i>Micrathena</i> Genus of spiders

Micrathena, known as spiny orbweavers, is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1833. Micrathena contains more than a hundred species, most of them Neotropical woodland-dwelling species. The name is derived from the Greek "micro", meaning "small", and the goddess Athena.

<i>Corinna</i> (spider) Genus of spiders

Corinna is a genus of corinnid sac spiders first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1841. They are found in Mexico and south to Brazil, and with selected species found in Africa.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Gen. Ctenus Walckenaer, 1805". World Spider Catalog Version 23.5. Natural History Museum Bern. 2022. doi:10.24436/2 . Retrieved 24 August 2022.
  2. ↑ Walckenaer, C. A. (1805). Tableau des aranéides ou caractères essentiels des tribus, genres, familles et races que renferme le genre Aranea de Linné, avec la désignation des espèces comprises dans chacune de ces divisions. Paris: Dentu. OCLC   602364691.
  3. 1 2 Okamoto, Cinthya Kimori; Gonçalves-De-Andrade, Rute M.; Queiroz, Giselle Pidde; Gutierez, Vanessa P.; De Almeida, Daniel Manzoni; Cury, Yara; Bertani, Rogério; Portaro, Fernanda C. V.; Tambourgi, Denise V. (January 2009). "Ctenus medius and Phoneutria nigriventer spiders venoms share noxious proinflammatory activities". Journal of Medical Entomology. 46 (1): 58–66. doi: 10.1603/033.046.0108 . ISSN   0022-2585. PMID   19198518.
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