Curl-crested aracari

Last updated

Curl-crested aracari
Curl-crested Aracari.jpg
At Riverbanks Zoo, US
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Piciformes
Family: Ramphastidae
Genus: Pteroglossus
Species:
P. beauharnaisii
Binomial name
Pteroglossus beauharnaisii
Wagler, 1831
Pteroglossus beauharnaisii map.svg
Synonyms
  • Beauharnaisius beauharnaesii
  • Pteroglossus BeauharnaesiiWagler, 1832
  • Pteroglossus PoeppigiiWagler, 1832
  • Pteroglossus ulocomusGould, 1833
  • Pteroglossus lepidocephalusNitzsch, 1840
  • Beauharnaisius ulocomusBonaparte, 1850
  • Ulocomus beauharnaisiHeine, 1890
  • Pteroglossus (Beauharnaisius) beauharnaesiiPeters, 1948

The curl-crested araçari or curl-crested araçari (Pteroglossus beauharnaisii) is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. [2] It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru. [3]

Contents

Taxonomy and systematics

The curl-crested aracari was first described by Johann Georg Wagler in 1831 but the spelling of its specific epithet was not corrected until 2020. [4] [5] It had at times been placed in the monotypic genera Beauharnaisius [6] and Ulocomus. [7]

The curl-crested aracari is monotypic. [2]

Description

The curl-crested aracari is 42 to 46 cm (17 to 18 in) long and weighs 164 to 280 g (5.8 to 9.9 oz). It gains its English name from unique curly, shiny, black feathers on the top of its head and nape; they resemble pieces of plastic or enamel. Males and females are alike except that the female has a shorter bill. Their bill has a brown-orange line at its base. The mandible is ivory becoming orangey at its tip. The maxilla has an orangey culmen and a maroon stripe along its lower part that is wider at the base. Between them the maxilla is green or bluish. It has indistinct ivory colored "teeth" along the tomium. Bare blue skin surrounds their eye, and their cheeks and throat are whitish with black speckles. Their upper back and rump are red and the rest of their upperparts are dark green. Their underparts are yellow with a wide red band across the lower breast. Their undertail coverts can have a red wash. Immatures are a duller version of adults. [8]

Distribution and habitat

The curl-crested aracari is found in the southwestern Amazon Basin south of the Amazon River. Its range extends from northern Peru south of the Marañón River east into western Brazil to the Madeira River and southeast to the Xingu River. From Peru the range also extends south into northern and central Boliva and into Brazil as far as northern Mato Grosso. It inhabits the interior, clearings, and edges of wet forest both well-drained and swampy. It mostly occurs at elevations below 500 m (1,600 ft) but is found as high as 900 m (3,000 ft) near the Andes. [8]

Behavior

Movement

The curl-crested aracari apparently makes short-distance or local movements but is otherwise a year-round resident. [8]

Feeding

The curl-crested aracari usually forages in groups of up to 12 individuals, and usually in the canopy. It does feed at fruiting bushes near the ground. Its diet has not been detailed but is known to be mostly fruit. Its diet also includes eggs and young of other birds, and it is known to tear apart the nests of yellow-rumped caciques (Cacicus cela) to obtain them. [8]

Breeding

The curl-crested aracari's breeding season appears to be mostly May to August but it may start earlier and extend longer. Its nest, eggs, and the rest of its breeding biology are not known. [8]

Vocalization

The curl-crested aracari's calls include series of "deep 'rrek' notes, soft 'rrr' to hard, even grunting 'grenk' notes". It also makes a "softer 'et-et'" when settling into a roost. [8] Another author adds a "low, raucous 'cha-cha-cha cha wruh cha--'." [9]

Status

The IUCN has assessed the curl-crested aracari as being of Least Concern. It has a large range, but its population size is not known and is believed to be decreasing. No immediate threats have been identified. [1] It occurs in Tambopata National Reserve in Peru. It is hunted, and "[m]ore data on this species’ biology are essential, in case it becomes necessary to protect it". [8]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Johann Georg Wagler</span> German herpetologist and ornithologist

Johann Georg Wagler was a German herpetologist and ornithologist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Collared aracari</span> Species of bird

The collared aracari or collared araçari is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found from Mexico to Colombia and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aracari</span> Genus of birds

An aracari or araçari is any of the medium-sized toucans that, together with the saffron toucanet, make up the genus Pteroglossus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fiery-billed aracari</span> Species of bird

The fiery-billed aracari or fiery-billed araçari is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Green aracari</span> Species of bird

The green araçari, is a toucan, a near-passerine bird. It is found in the lowland forests of northeastern South America, in the northeast Amazon Basin, the Guianas and the eastern Orinoco River drainage of Venezuela. At 30–40 cm. (12–16 in) long and weighing 110–160 grams, it is the smallest aracari in its range, and among the smallest members of the toucan family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chestnut-eared aracari</span> Species of bird

The chestnut-eared aracari or chestnut-eared araçari is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hooded mountain toucan</span> Species of bird

The hooded mountain toucan is a species of bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grey-breasted mountain toucan</span> Species of bird

The grey-breasted mountain toucan is a Near Threatened species of bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-billed mountain toucan</span> Species of toucan

The black-billed mountain toucan is a species of bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-necked aracari</span> Species of bird

The black-necked aracari or black-necked araçari is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ivory-billed aracari</span> Species of bird

The ivory-billed aracari or ivory-billed araçari is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saffron toucanet</span> Species of bird

The saffron toucanet is a species of bird in the family Ramphastidae found in the Atlantic Forest in far north-eastern Argentina, south-eastern Brazil, and eastern Paraguay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Red-necked aracari</span> Species of bird

The red-necked aracari or red-necked araçari is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Bolivia and Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pale-mandibled aracari</span> Species of bird

The pale-mandibled aracari or pale-billed araçari is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lettered aracari</span> Species of bird

The lettered aracari or lettered araçari is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brown-mandibled aracari</span> Species of bird

The brown-mandibled aracari is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Many-banded aracari</span> Species of bird

The many-banded aracari or many-banded araçari is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stripe-billed aracari</span> Species of bird

The stripe-billed aracari or stripe-billed araçari is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golden-collared toucanet</span> Species of bird

The golden-collared toucanet is a near-passerine bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Citron-throated toucan</span> Species of bird

The citron-throated toucan is a near-passerine bird in the family Ramphastidae, the toucans, toucanets, and aracaris. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.

References

  1. 1 2 BirdLife International (2016). "Curl-crested Araçari Pteroglossus beauharnaisii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T22682041A92929106. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682041A92929106.en . Retrieved 24 December 2022.
  2. 1 2 Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (August 2022). "Jacamars, puffbirds, barbets, toucans, honeyguides". IOC World Bird List. v 12.2. Retrieved December 15, 2022.
  3. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2022. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ retrieved November 10, 2022
  4. Wagler, J. G. (1831). "Einiges über die von Sr. Durchlaucht dem Hrn. Herzoge August von Leuchtenberg aus Brasilien zurückgebrachte, in Eichstädt aufgestellte Naturaliensammlung". Das Ausland (in German). 4 (118): 469–471.
  5. David, N.; Wright, R.; Elliott, A.; Costa, T. V.V. (2020). "Reasserting the valid name of the Curl-crested Aracari (Aves, Ramphastidae): Pteroglossus beauharnaisii Wagler, 1831". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 77 (1): 70–75. doi:10.21805/bzn.v77.a022. S2CID   218794276.
  6. Bonaparte, C. L. (1850). Conspectus Generum Avium. Lugduni Batavorum: Apud E. J. Brill.
  7. Heine, F.; Reichenow, A. (1890). Nomenclator Musei Heineani Ornithologici (in German). Berlin: R. Friedländer & Sohn.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Short, L.L. and A. Bonan (2021). Curl-crested Aracari (Pteroglossus beauharnaisii), version 1.1. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.cucara1.01.1 retrieved December 24, 2022
  9. van Perlo, Ber (2009). A Field Guide to the Birds of Brazil. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 186. ISBN   978-0-19-530155-7.

Further reading

Commons-logo.svg Media related to Pteroglossus beauharnaesii at Wikimedia Commons