Daffy Duck

"Daffy" redirects here. For other uses, see Daffy (disambiguation).

Daffy Duck
Looney Tunes/Merrie Melodies character
First appearance	Porky's Duck Hunt (April 17, 1937;87 years ago (1937-04-17))
Created by	Tex Avery Bob Clampett
Voiced by	Mel Blanc (1937–1989) Jeff Bergman (1989–1993, 1997, 2002–2004, 2007, 2011–2018) Joe Alaskey (1990–2011, 2014) Greg Burson (1990, 1992–1995, 1997–1998, 2003) Maurice LaMarche (1991) Frank Gorshin (1996) Dee Bradley Baker (1996, 2008, 2016–2020) Billy West (1999) Sam Vincent ( Baby Looney Tunes ; 2001–2006) Jeff Bennett (2003–2004, 2006) Eric Bauza (2018–present) (see below)
Developed by	Bob Clampett Chuck Jones Robert McKimson Friz Freleng Frank Tashlin Arthur Davis
In-universe information
Alias	Duck Dodgers
Species	American black duck
Gender	Male
Family	Billy (cousin) Danger Duck (descendant)
Significant other	Melissa Duck Tina Russo ( The Looney Tunes Show )
Nationality	American

Daffy Duck is a cartoon character created by animators Tex Avery and Bob Clampett for Leon Schlesinger Productions. Styled as an anthropomorphic black duck, he has appeared in cartoon series such as Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies , in which he is usually depicted as a foil for either Bugs Bunny, Porky Pig or Speedy Gonzales. ^[1] He was one of the first of the new "screwball" characters that emerged in the late 1930s to replace traditional everyman characters who were more popular earlier in the decade, such as Mickey Mouse, Porky Pig, and Popeye.

Daffy starred in 130 shorts in the golden age, making him the third-most frequent character in the Looney Tunes/Merrie Melodies cartoons, behind Bugs Bunny's 167 appearances and Porky Pig's 153 appearances. Virtually every Warner Bros. cartoon director, most notably Bob Clampett, Robert McKimson, and Chuck Jones, put his own spin on the Daffy Duck character.

He was ranked number 14 on TV Guide 's list of top 50 greatest cartoon characters. ^{[2] [3]}

History

Origin

Daffy first appeared in Porky's Duck Hunt , released on April 17, 1937. ^[4] The cartoon was directed by Tex Avery and animated by Bob Clampett. Porky's Duck Hunt is a standard hunter/prey pairing, but Daffy (barely more than an unnamed bit player in this short) was something new to moviegoers: an assertive, completely unrestrained, combative protagonist. Clampett later recalled:

"At that time, audiences weren't accustomed to seeing a cartoon character do these things. And so, when it hit the theaters it was an explosion. People would leave the theaters talking about this daffy duck." ^[5]

This early Daffy is less anthropomorphic and resembles a normal black duck. In fact, the only aspects of the character that have remained consistent through the years are his voice characterization by Mel Blanc; and his black feathers with a white neck ring. Blanc's characterization of Daffy once held the world record for the longest characterization of one animated character by their original actor: 52 years.

The origin of Daffy's voice, with its lateral lisp, is a matter of some debate. One often-repeated "official" story is that it was modeled after producer Leon Schlesinger's tendency to lisp. However, in Mel Blanc's autobiography, That's Not All Folks!, he contradicts that conventional belief, writing, "It seemed to me that such an extended mandible would hinder his speech, particularly on words containing an s sound. Thus 'despicable' became 'desth-picable.'"

Daffy's slobbery, exaggerated lisp was developed over time, and it is barely noticeable in the early cartoons. In Daffy Duck & Egghead , Daffy does not lisp at all except in the separately drawn set-piece of Daffy singing "The Merry-Go-Round Broke Down" in which just a slight lisp can be heard.

In The Scarlet Pumpernickel (1950), Daffy has a middle name, Dumas as the writer of a swashbuckling script, a nod to Alexandre Dumas. Also, in the Baby Looney Tunes episode "The Tattletale", Granny addresses Daffy as "Daffy Horatio Tiberius Duck". In The Looney Tunes Show (2011), the joke middle names "Armando" and "Sheldon" are used.

Golden Age Years

Daffy as he first appeared in Porky's Duck Hunt (1937)

Daffy's early years, 1937–1940

Tex Avery and Bob Clampett created the original version of Daffy in 1937. Daffy established his status by jumping into the water, hopping around, and yelling, "Woo-hoo!" Animator Bob Clampett immediately seized upon the Daffy Duck character and cast him in a series of cartoons in the 1930s and 1940s. The early Daffy is a wild and zany screwball, perpetually bouncing around the screen with cries of "Hoo-hoo! Hoo-hoo!" (In his autobiography, Mel Blanc stated that the zany demeanor was inspired by Hugh Herbert's catchphrase, which was taken to a wild extreme for Daffy.)

World War II Daffy, 1941–1945

600 Bomb Squadron emblem Daffy Duck

Daffy would also feature in several war-themed shorts during World War II, remaining true to his unbridled nature. He battles a Nazi goat intent on eating Daffy's scrap metal in Scrap Happy Daffy (1943), hits Adolf Hitler's head with a giant mallet in Daffy the Commando (1943) and outwits Hitler, Goebbels and Goering in Plane Daffy (1944). Oddly enough, it was only after these wartime escapades that Daffy is actually subject to conscription into military service, in the form of "the little man from the draft board", whom he tries to dodge in Draftee Daffy (1945).

Evolving "Earlier" Daffy 1946–1952

For Daffy Doodles (his first Looney Tunes cartoon as a director), Robert McKimson tamed Daffy a bit, redesigning him yet again to be rounder and less elastic. The studio also instilled some of Bugs Bunny's savvy into the duck, making him as brilliant with his mouth as he was with his battiness. Daffy was teamed up with Porky Pig; the duck's one-time rival became his straight man. Arthur Davis, who directed Warner Bros. cartoon shorts for a few years in the late 1940s until upper management decreed there should be only three units (McKimson, Friz Freleng, and Jones), presented a Daffy similar to McKimson's. McKimson is noted as the last of the three units to make his Daffy uniform with Jones's, with even late shorts, such as Don't Axe Me (1958), featuring traits of the "screwball" Daffy. Starting in You Were Never Duckier , Daffy's personality evolved to be from being less loony and more greedy.

Experimenting with Daffy 1953–1964

While Daffy's looney days were over, McKimson continued to make him as bad or good as his various roles required him to be. McKimson would use this Daffy from 1946 to 1961. Although, even McKimson would follow in Jones' footsteps in many aspects with cartoons like People Are Bunny (1959) and Ducking the Devil (1957). Friz Freleng's version took a hint from Chuck Jones to make the duck more sympathetic, as in the 1957 Show Biz Bugs . Here, Daffy is overemotional and jealous of Bugs, yet he has real talent that is ignored by the theater manager and the crowd. This cartoon finishes with a sequence in which Daffy attempts to wow the Bugs-besotted audience with an act in which he drinks gasoline and swallows nitroglycerine, gunpowder, and uranium-238 (in a greenish solution), jumps up and down to "shake well" and finally swallows a lit match that detonates the whole improbable mixture. When Bugs tells Daffy that the audience loves the act and wants more, Daffy, now a ghost floating upward (presumably to Heaven), says that he can only do the act once. Some TV stations, and in the 1990s the cable network TNT, edited out the dangerous act, afraid of imitation by young children.

Pairing of Daffy and Porky in parodies of popular movies, 1951–1965

While Bugs Bunny became Warner Bros.' most popular character, the directors still found ample use for Daffy. Several cartoons place him in parodies of popular movies and radio serials; Porky Pig was usually a comic relief sidekick. For example, Daffy in The Great Piggy Bank Robbery (1946) as "Duck Twacy" (Dick Tracy) by Bob Clampett; in The Scarlet Pumpernickel (1950), Daffy was the hero and Porky Pig was the villain. In Drip-Along Daffy (1951), named after the Hopalong Cassidy character, throws Daffy into a Western with him labeled "Western-Type Hero" and Porky Pig labeled "Comedy Relief". In Duck Dodgers in the 24½th Century (1953), a parody of Buck Rogers , Daffy trades barbs (and bullets) with Marvin the Martian, with Porky Pig retaining the role of Daffy's sidekick. In Rocket Squad (1956), a parody of Dragnet and Racket Squad , Daffy and Porky Pig pair up once again. Daffy also played Stupor Duck , a parody of the Adventures of Superman television series. Robin Hood Daffy (1958) casts the duck in the role of the legendary outlaw Robin Hood with Porky Pig as Friar Tuck. Besides being playing parodies, Daffy also played a salesman-who continually annoys a potential customer into buying something: in Fool Coverage , Daffy actually succeeds into selling Porky Pig a $1,000,000 accident policy which only works under impossible conditions. Unfortunately for Daffy, all the conditions happen.

Pairing of Bugs and Daffy, 1951–1964

Bugs's ascension to stardom also prompted the Warner Bros. animators to recast Daffy as the rabbit's rival, intensely jealous, insecure and determined to steal back the spotlight, while Bugs either remained cool headed but mildly amused and/or indifferent to the duck's jealousy and/or used it to his advantage. Daffy's desire to achieve stardom at almost any cost was explored as early as 1940 in Freleng's You Ought to Be in Pictures , but the idea was most successfully used by Chuck Jones, who redesigned the duck once again, making him scrawnier and scruffier. In Jones' "Hunting Trilogy" (or "Duck Season/Rabbit Season Trilogy") of Rabbit Fire , Rabbit Seasoning and Duck! Rabbit, Duck! (each respectively launched in 1951, 1952, and 1953), Daffy's attention-grabbing ways and excitability provide Bugs Bunny the perfect opportunity to fool the hapless Elmer Fudd into repeatedly shooting the duck's bill off. Also, these cartoons reveal Daffy's catchphrase, "Youuu're deththpicable!" Jones' Daffy sees himself as self-preservationist, not selfish. However, this Daffy can do nothing that does not backfire on him, more likely to singe his tail feathers as well as his ego and pride than anything. ^[6] It is thought that Chuck Jones based Daffy Duck's new personality on his fellow animator Bob Clampett, who, like Daffy, was known as a loud self-promoter. In Beanstalk Bunny Daffy, Bugs and Elmer are once again teamed up in a parody of Jack and the Beanstalk (with Elmer as the giant); in A Star Is Bored Daffy tries to upstage Bugs Bunny; while in the spoofs of the TV shows The Millionaire and This Is Your Life , The Million Hare Daffy tries to defeat his arch-rival Bugs Bunny for a $1,000,000.00 prize given out by his favorite TV show and This Is a Life? Daffy tries to upstage Bugs Bunny in order to be the guest of honor on the show; in all four of these cartoons Daffy ends up a loser because of his own overemotional personality (which impairs Daffy's common sense and reasoning ability) and his craving for attention.

Solo Daffy

Film critic Steve Schneider calls Jones' version of Daffy "a kind of unleashed id." ^[7] Jones said that his version of the character "expresses all of the things we're afraid to express." ^[7] This is evident in Jones' Duck Amuck (1953), "one of the few unarguable masterpieces of American animation" according to Schneider. ^[8] In the episode, Daffy is plagued by a godlike animator whose malicious paintbrush alters the setting, soundtrack, and even Daffy. When Daffy demands to know who is responsible for the changes, the camera pulls back to reveal none other than Bugs Bunny. Duck Amuck is widely heralded as a classic of filmmaking for its illustration that a character's personality can be recognized independently of appearance, setting, voice, and plot. ^[8] In 1999, the short was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry.

Daffy's pairing with Speedy in 1965–1968

When the Warner Bros. animation studio briefly outsourced cartoon production to DePatie-Freleng Enterprises (DFE) in the 1960s, Daffy Duck became an antagonist in several cartoons opposite Speedy Gonzales, who refers to Daffy as "the loco duck." In Well Worn Daffy (1965), Daffy is determined to keep the mice away from a desperately needed well seemingly for no other motive than pure maliciousness. Furthermore, when he draws all the water he wants, Daffy then attempts to destroy the well in spite of the vicious pointlessness of the act, forcing Speedy to stop him. The Warner Bros. studio was entering its twilight years, and even Daffy had to stretch for humor in the period. In many of the later DFE cartoons, such as Feather Finger and Daffy's Diner , Daffy is portrayed as a more sympathetic character (often forced to turn against Speedy at the behest of a common enemy) rather than the full-blown villain he is in cartoons like Well Worn Daffy and Assault and Peppered . The last cartoon featuring Daffy and Speedy is See Ya Later Gladiator , in what animation fans call the worst cartoon made by Warner Bros. ^[9]

The Daffy Duck Show

In light of the longstanding popularity of The Bugs Bunny Show and its various incarnations on CBS and ABC, NBC commissioned their own half-hour series, The Daffy Duck Show, which began airing in the fall of 1978. While some well-known titles were included in the program, most of the cartoons featured on the series were from the late '60s Depatie-Freleng run. The program ran on NBC for two years, then in 1981 was rechristened The Daffy/Speedy Show and ran for another two years. ^[10] Eventually, NBC canceled the series, and many of the cartoons were reintegrated into the lineups for the respective CBS and ABC Bugs Bunny shows.

More recent years

Mural with Daffy Duck, Gustav-Coppel Park, Germany

Daffy appeared in later cartoons. He was one of many Looney Tunes characters allowed by Warner Bros. to appear in the 1988 Disney/Amblin film Who Framed Roger Rabbit . In the film, Daffy (utilizing his original, wacky characterization) shares a scene with his Disney counterpart Donald Duck whilst performing in a piano duel. In 1987, to celebrate Daffy's 50th anniversary, Warner Bros. released "The Duxorcist" as its first theatrical Looney Tunes short in two decades. Daffy Duck also appeared in several feature-film compilations, including two films centering on Daffy. The first was released in 1983, Daffy Duck's Fantastic Island ; the second came in 1988, Daffy Duck's Quackbusters , which is considered one of the Looney Tunes' best compilation films and featured another new theatrical short, "The Night of the Living Duck". Daffy has also had major roles in films such as Space Jam in 1996 and Looney Tunes: Back in Action in 2003. The latter film does much to flesh out his character, even going so far as to cast a sympathetic light on Daffy's glory-seeking ways in one scene, where he complains that he works tirelessly without achieving what Bugs does without even trying. That same year, Warner Bros. cast him in a brand-new Duck Dodgers series. (It should be stressed that in this show, Duck Dodgers actually is Daffy Duck due to him being frozen in suspended animation in some unknown incident.) He had a cameo appearance in The Sylvester & Tweety Mysteries episode "When Granny Ruled the Earth", first airing on March 27, 1999. Daffy has also been featured in several webtoons, which can be viewed online.

Daffy has also made appearances on numerous television series. In Tiny Toon Adventures , Daffy is a teacher at Acme Looniversity, where he is the hero and mentor of student Plucky Duck. He is shown as a baby in Baby Looney Tunes , and appears to have a similar personality to some of his earlier years with him being a rival of Bugs and saying, "Woo-hoo!" a lot in the show. He made occasional cameo appearances on Animaniacs and Histeria! . In Loonatics Unleashed , his descendant is Danger Duck (voiced by Jason Marsden), who is also lame and unpopular to his teammates. A majority of these appearances try to emulate Chuck Jones' incarnation of the character.

Daffy has also been given larger roles in more recent Looney Tunes films and series. Following Looney Tunes: Back in Action , Warner Bros. has slowly moved the spotlight away from Bugs and more towards Daffy, as shown in the 2006 direct-to-video movie Bah, Humduck! A Looney Tunes Christmas , where Daffy plays the lead, while Bugs appears in a minor supporting role.

Daffy's appearance in The Looney Tunes Show (season 1)

However, more recent merchandise of the duck, as well as that featured on the official website, have been shown to incorporate elements of the zanier, more light-hearted Daffy of the 1930s and 1940s. Producer Larry Doyle noted that recent theatrical cartoons were planned that would portray a more diverse Daffy closer to that of Robert McKimson's design; however, due to the box office bomb of Looney Tunes: Back in Action , these new films ceased production. ^[11]

Daffy returned to Cartoon Network in The Looney Tunes Show , voiced by Jeff Bergman. In the show, he has moved out of the forest and shares Bugs' house with him. Unlike Bugs and their neighbors, Daffy has no way of earning money and relies on Bugs for food and shelter. He tried on numerous occasions to get rich quick, but ended up failing repeatedly. Daffy's one possession he is proud of is his paper-mache parade float, constructed on top of a flatbed truck, which is his main means of transportation. While Daffy's greed and jealousy of Bugs remains, he appears to be less antagonistic in this show, as Bugs even tells Daffy in spite of his faults, he is Bugs' best friend and vice versa. Daffy serves as a sort of mentor to Gossamer. Daffy has difficulty telling fiction from reality; he often confuses television shows for his own life, believes Bugs is Superman, and at one point hallucinates he is a wizard.

Daffy starred in the 3-D short Daffy's Rhapsody with Elmer Fudd that was originally set to premiere before Happy Feet Two but instead debuted prior to Journey 2: The Mysterious Island . The short features Daffy and Elmer in the first CG or 3-D depiction of these specific Looney Tunes characters. According to Matthew O'Callaghan, who directed the short, the audio comes from a 1950s recording for a children's album. ^[12] Daffy is performing in a hunting musical, when Elmer, who is in the audience, pursues him. Daffy is initially unaware of the danger, but quickly realizes the threat Elmer poses and outwits him by using the props against him.

Daffy appeared in the 2015 DTV movie Looney Tunes: Rabbits Run .

Daffy appears in the Cartoon Network series New Looney Tunes where he is voiced by Dee Bradley Baker. Daffy is often paired with Porky where Daffy will annoy and bedevil the pig, though occasionally Porky one ups Daffy.

Daffy appears in Looney Tunes Cartoons , where he is voiced by Eric Bauza.

Daffy appears in the preschool series Bugs Bunny Builders which currently airs on Cartoon Network's Cartoonito block and HBO Max. ^[13] Eric Bauza reprises his role.

Cartoons

Main article: List of Daffy Duck cartoons

Comics

Dell Comics published several Daffy Duck comic books, beginning in Four Color Comics #457, #536, and #615 and then continuing as Daffy #4-17 (1956–59), then as Daffy Duck #18-30 (1959–62). The comic book series was subsequently continued in Gold Key Comics Daffy Duck #31-127 (1962–79). This run was in turn continued under the Whitman Comics imprint until the company completely ceased comic book publication in 1984. In 1994, corporate cousin DC Comics became the publisher for comics featuring all the classic Warner Bros. cartoon characters, and while not getting his own title, Daffy has appeared in many issues of Looney Tunes .

Voice actors

• Mel Blanc (1937–1989, Bugs Bunny: Lost in Time ; archive audio, Daffy's Rhapsody ; archive audio) ^{[14] [12] [15]}
• Bob Clampett (vocal effects in A Corny Concerto ) ^[16]
• Richard Bickenbach (imitating Bing Crosby in Hollywood Daffy ) ^[16]
• Gilbert Mack (Golden Records records, Bugs Bunny Songfest) ^{[17] [18]}
• Dave Barry (Golden Records records, Bugs Bunny Songfest) ^{[17] [18]}
• Ginny Tyler ("singing" in Daffy's Inn Trouble ) ^[16]
• Richard Andrews (Bugs Bunny Exercise and Adventure Album) ^[19]
• Noel Blanc ( The Looney Looney Looney Bugs Bunny Movie promotion, ^[20] You Rang? answering machine messages, ^[21] saying, "Happy Birthday Bugs!" in Bugs Bunny's Birthday Ball , ^[22] 2001 Chevrolet Monte Carlo 400 ) ^[23]
• Dave Spafford ("woo-hoos" in Who Framed Roger Rabbit ) ^{[24] [25] [26]}
• Bob Bergen (ABC Family Fun Fair, Kids' WB bumper) ^{[27] [28] [29] [30]}
• Mel Tormé (singing voice in Daffy Duck's Quackbusters )
• Jeff Bergman (1989 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, ^[31] Warner Catalog commercials, ^[32] Cartoon All-Stars to the Rescue , Gremlins 2: The New Batch , Bugs Bunny's 50th Birthday Spectacular, ^[33] Happy Birthday, Bugs!: 50 Looney Years, Tiny Toon Adventures , ^[34] Tyson Foods commercials, ^{[35] [36]} Box Office Bunny , Bugs Bunny's Overtures to Disaster , (Blooper) Bunny , Invasion of the Bunny Snatchers , The Plucky Duck Show , Special Delivery Symphony, ^{[37] [38]} Cartoon Network bumpers, ^[39] Boomerang bumpers, ^{[40] [41]} Ad Council commercial, ^[42] The Looney Tunes Show , Mad , ^[43] Scooby Doo and Looney Tunes: Cartoon Universe, Looney Tunes Dash , Looney Tunes: Rabbits Run , Who Stole My Chicken? , ^[44] Wun Wabbit Wun, ^[45] Daffy Duck Dance Off, ^[46] Beep Beep Birthday, ^[47] Bugs Bunny & The Giant Carrots, ^[48] Ani-Mayhem , ^[49] Meet Bugs (and Daffy) ^[50] ) ^[51]
• Joe Alaskey (Tiny Toon Adventures, Mrs. Bush's Story Time , ^[52] Bugs Bunny's Lunar Tunes, ^[53] Looney Tunes River Ride , ^[54] Yosemite Sam and the Gold River Adventure! , ^[55] Have Yourself a Looney Tunes Christmas, ^[56] 67th Academy Awards, ^[57] Carrotblanca , Bugs & Daffy Sing the Beatles, ^[58] Bugs 'n' Daffy intro, Marvin the Martian in the Third Dimension , ^[59] The Looney West, ^[60] The Daffy Duck Show , Bugs & Friends Sing Elvis, ^[61] Bugs Bunny's Learning Adventures, ^{[62] [63]} The Drew Carey Show , ^[64] Warner Bros. Sing-Along: Quest for Camelot, The Sylvester & Tweety Mysteries , ^[65] Warner Bros. Sing-Along: Looney Tunes, ^{[62] [66]} Crash! Bang! Boom! The Best of WB Sound FX, ^[67] Tweety's High-Flying Adventure , The Looney Tunes Kwazy Christmas, ^[68] Duck Dodgers , Looney Tunes: Back in Action , Daffy Duck for President , Bah, Humduck! A Looney Tunes Christmas , Looney Tunes: Laff Riot pilot, ^[69] TomTom Looney Tunes GPS, ^[70] Looney Tunes ClickN READ Phonics, ^[71] Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham , ^[72] various video games, webtoons, live shows, and commercials) ^{[51] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77]}
• Greg Burson (Bugs Bunny's Birthday Ball, Tiny Toon Adventures, ^[34] Daffy Duck: The Marvin Missions , ^[78] Merrie Melodies Starring Bugs Bunny & Friends promo, ^[79] Animaniacs , Bugs Bunny: Rabbit Rampage , ^[80] Acme Animation Factory , ^[81] Looney Tunes B-Ball , ^[82] Alpha-Bits commercial, ^[83] Warner Bros. Kids Club , ^[84] Quest for Camelot promotion, ^[85] Looney Tunes: Back in Action animation test ^[86] ) ^{[51] [87]}
• Keith Scott ( Looney Tunes Musical Revue , ^{[88] [89]} The Christmas Looney Tunes Classic Collection, ^[90] Spectacular Light and Sound Show Illuminanza , ^[91] Looney Tunes: We Got the Beat! , ^[75] Looney Tunes: What's Up Rock?! , ^[92] Looney Tunes on Ice , Looney Tunes LIVE! Classroom Capers, ^[93] The Looney Tunes Radio Show, ^{[94] [95]} Looney Rock, Looney Tunes Christmas Carols , ^{[96] [97] [98]} various commercials) ^{[51] [99] [100] [101]}
• Marcus Deon Thomas ("Party Zone", "Dynamite") ^{[102] [103] [104] [105]}
• Maurice LaMarche ( Taz-Mania )
• Frank Gorshin ( Superior Duck ) ^[51]
• Dee Bradley Baker (McDonald’s commercial, ^[106] Space Jam , The Daffy Duck Show trailer, ^{[107] [108]} Space Jam (pinball) , ^[109] Boomerang bumpers, ^{[41] [110]} New Looney Tunes , Converse commercials ^{[111] [112]} ) ^[51]
• Billy West ( Histeria! ) ^[51]
• Samuel Vincent ( Baby Looney Tunes , Baby Looney Tunes' Eggs-traordinary Adventure ) ^[51]
• Jeff Bennett ("woo-hoos" in Looney Tunes: Back in Action, ^[113] speaking voice in Sprint commercial, ^[114] Wendy's commercial, Attack of the Drones , A Looney Tunes Sing-A-Long Christmas ^[115] ) ^[51]
• Tom Jones (speaking and singing in Jones' voice in the Duck Dodgers episode "Talent Show A Go-Go") ^[116]
• Bill Farmer ( Robot Chicken ) ^[117]
• Kevin Shinick (Mad) ^[43]
• Gary Martin ( Looney Tunes Take-Over Weekend promotion) ^[41]
• Eric Bauza (Warner Bros. Animation logo, Looney Tunes: World of Mayhem, Looney Tunes Cartoons , Animaniacs , ^[118] Bugs Bunny in The Golden Carrot, ^{[119] [120] [121] [122]} ESPN 30 for 30: The Bunny & THE GOAT, Space Jam: A New Legacy , ^[123] Space Jam: A New Legacy live show, Bugs and Daffy's Thanksgiving Road Trip, ^[124] Etihad Airways commercial, Bugs Bunny Builders , ^[125] Coyote vs. Acme , ^{[126] [127]} Acme Fools, ^[128] Lights, Camera, Action: A WB100th Anniversary Celebration , Tiny Toons Looniversity , ^{[129] [130]} Teen Titans Go! , Looney Tunes pinball machine, ^[131] The Day the Earth Blew Up: A Looney Tunes Movie , ^[132] Bye Bye Bunny: A Looney Tunes Musical, ^[133] Looney Tunes: Wacky World of Sports) ^{[51] [134] [135]}
• Roger Black ( Paradise PD )
• Kenny Pittenger (opera voice in the Looney Tunes Cartoons short "Eyes Wide Fudd")

Other media

• In 1991, Daffy Duck had a number 58 hit in the UK charts with a house/dance record called "Party Zone", ^[136] a record which featured songwriters/producers Giorgio and Martin Koppehele ^[137] under one of their aliases, The Groove Gang (other aliases have included G. + M. Cope and Cymurai), and singers Marcus Deon Thomas and Aimee McCoy from Splash. ^[102] The record was issued by Warner's eastwest label and spent three weeks in the UK charts. ^[138] Its release was followed by "Dynamite" in 1992. ^[104]
• In 1999, the United States Postal Service issued a 33 cent stamp, designed and illustrated by Ed Wleczyk of Warner Bros., featuring Daffy leaning against a rural mailbox with a "that's despicable" look directed at two letters in the mailbox that bear Bugs Bunny stamps. ^[139]
• Daffy makes a vocal cameo appearance in the 2020 Animaniacs revival segment "Suffragette City", with Eric Bauza reprising his role. ^[118]

See also

• Film portal
• United States portal
• Cartoon portal

• List of Daffy Duck cartoons
• Golden age of American animation
• Duck Dodgers
• Danger Duck

References

1. Maltin, Leonard (1987). Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons (Revised ed.). Plume. pp. 240–242. ISBN   0-452-25993-2.
2. "List of All-time Cartoon Characters". CNN . 2002-07-30. Archived from the original on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2009-06-02.
3. "Daffy Duck (as Duck Dodgers) and Cadet Porky Pig with the Powerpuff Girls". TV Guide Magazine Cover - Photo Gallery: Powerpuff Girls. Tvguide.com. 2009-02-06. Archived from the original on 2009-07-23. Retrieved 2009-06-02.
4. Beck, Jerry; Friedwald, Will (1989). Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies: A Complete Illustrated Guide to the Warner Bros. Cartoons. Henry Holt and Co. p. 55. ISBN   0-8050-0894-2.
5. Schneider. That's All Folks!: The Art of Warner Bros. Animation. p. 150.
6. Schneider. That's All Folks!: The Art of Warner Bros. Animation. pp. 159–60.
7. Schneider. That's All Folks!: The Art of Warner Bros. Animation. p. 161.
8. Schneider. That's All Folks!: The Art of Warner Bros. Animation. p. 112.
9. Hunter, Matthew (2000-01-01). "A Complete History Of Daffy Duck". Matthew Hunter's Unofficial Looney Tunes Page. Archived from the original on 2011-06-08. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
10. "1980 10:30 on NBC: The Daffy Duck Show". saturday-am-80s.livejournal.com. September 6, 2012. Archived from the original on August 25, 2019. Retrieved August 25, 2019.
11. "The New Looney Tunes: An Interview with Producer Larry Doyle". Toolooney.goldenagecartoons.com. 2003-01-21. Archived from the original on 2008-05-17. Retrieved 2009-06-02.
12. Lesnick, Silas (2011-06-08). "More 3D Looney Tunes Shorts On The Way". ComingSoon.net. Archived from the original on 2012-08-25. Retrieved 2015-10-05.
13. "WarnerMedia Upfronts: Cartoonito Launches on HBO Max with 20 Series". 17 February 2021. Archived from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
14. "Bugs Bunny: Lost in Time". Behind the Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2024-01-28. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
15. "Warner Bros. Resurrects Mel Blanc for 3D LOONEY TUNES Shorts; First Image from DAFFY'S RHAPSODY". Collider. 9 June 2011. Archived from the original on 8 January 2020. Retrieved January 28, 2024.
16. Scott, Keith (3 October 2022). Cartoon Voices of the Golden Age, Vol. 2. BearManor Media.
17. "Bugs Bunny on Record". News From ME. Archived from the original on September 16, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2020.
18. "Golden Records' "Bugs Bunny Songfest" (1961)". cartoonresearch.com. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
19. "Bugs Bunny Breaks a Sweat". cartoonresearch.com. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
20. "The Looney Looney Looney Bugs Bunny Movie CBS Promo (1984)". YouTube. Archived from the original on July 30, 2023. Retrieved July 30, 2023.
21. "You Rang? Answering Machine Messages Bugs Bunny". YouTube. 3 April 2020. Archived from the original on July 7, 2022. Retrieved July 7, 2022.
22. "Bugs Bunny Birthday Ball Pinball (PuP Pack) VPX". YouTube. 13 March 2019. Retrieved October 11, 2024.
23. "2001 Chevy Monte Carlo 400 [16/16] (Post Race)". YouTube. 11 December 2010. Archived from the original on 2021-12-11. Retrieved May 2, 2020.
24. "Who Hired Dave Spafford? - Stay 'Tooned! with Phil Machi". YouTube. 25 May 2019. Archived from the original on January 28, 2024. Retrieved January 28, 2024.
25. "Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988) - Trivia". IMDb. Retrieved October 11, 2024.
26. "Dueling Pianists". Twitter. @AGuyWhoDraws. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
27. "ABC Family Fun Fair". YouTube. 3 March 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2024.
28. "ABC Family Fun Fair". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2021-04-17. Retrieved 2021-05-10.
29. "ABC Family Fun Fair planned at city mall". The Oklahoman. August 23, 1987. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
30. "Kids WB Promotion Pokémon Fever". YouTube. 18 July 2020. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
31. "Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade 1989". YouTube . 8 September 2015. Archived from the original on 2021-12-11.
32. "Voice(s) of Daffy Duck in Warner Bros. Catalog". Behind The Voice Actors. Retrieved 2024-10-11.
33. "1990 - Bugs Bunny's 50th Birthday Spectacular - Six Flags Great America". YouTube. 8 July 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
34. "Voice(s) of Daffy Duck in Tiny Toon Adventures". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2024-01-28. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
35. ""Looney Tunes" Meals Tyson". YouTube. 5 February 2018. Retrieved October 11, 2024.
36. "Tyson Loony Toons Meals for Kids". YouTube . 23 June 2018. Retrieved October 11, 2024.
37. "SPECIAL DELIVERY SYMPHONY Jeff Bergman Corey Burton". YouTube . 22 October 2020. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
38. Special Delivery Symphony (Looney Tunes Discover Music) Paperback – 31 Dec. 1993. ASIN   0943351588.
39. "Voice(s) of Daffy Duck in Cartoon Network". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2021-09-28. Retrieved 2021-03-09.
40. "Boomerang EMEA Line Rebrand". YouTube . 20 August 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2024.
41. "Voice(s) of Daffy Duck in Boomerang". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2021-01-14. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
42. "Ad Council". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2021-03-04. Retrieved 2021-03-09.
43. "Voice(s) of Daffy Duck in Mad". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2021-09-28. Retrieved 2020-08-22.
44. "Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck and Creature at Mall of the Emirates for DSS event 2015". YouTube. July 25, 2015. Retrieved October 28, 2024.
45. "Wun Wabbit Wun". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on January 15, 2022. Retrieved January 14, 2022.
46. "Daffy Duck Dance Off". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved November 27, 2021.
47. "Looney Tunes Show @ Taj Mall Amman JORDAN". YouTube. October 13, 2018. Retrieved October 28, 2024.
48. "Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck live show in IBN batutta mall, Dubai". YouTube. July 12, 2023. Retrieved October 28, 2024.
49. "Ani-Mayhem". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on January 15, 2022. Retrieved January 14, 2022.
50. "Meet Bugs (And Daffy)". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on January 15, 2022. Retrieved January 14, 2022.
51. "Voice(s) of Daffy Duck". Behind the Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2013-01-12. Retrieved 2013-01-10.
52. "The Mrs. Bush's Story Time Podcast". Podcast App. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
53. "Bugs Bunny's Lunar Tunes". Behind the Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2024-01-28. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
54. "Looney Tunes River Ride". Behind the Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2023-07-31. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
55. "Yosemite Sam's Gold River Adventure". Behind the Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2023-12-03. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
56. "Bugs Bunny & Friends – Have Yourself A Looney Tunes Christmas (1994, CD)". Discogs. Archived from the original on January 28, 2024. Retrieved January 28, 2024.
57. "Voice of Daffy Duck in Academy Awards". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2024-01-28. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
58. "Bugs & Friends Sing the Beatles". Discogs. Archived from the original on November 27, 2021. Retrieved November 26, 2021.
59. "Marvin the Martian in the Third Dimension". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2024-01-28. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
60. "The Looney West". VGMdb. Retrieved October 17, 2024.
61. "Bugs & Friends Sing Elvis". VGMdb. Archived from the original on November 27, 2021. Retrieved November 26, 2021.
62. "Looney Tunes DVD and Video Guide: VHS: Misc". The Inernet Animation Database. Archived from the original on November 30, 2021. Retrieved November 30, 2021.
63. "Daffy Duck". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 28 September 2021. Retrieved 1 October 2020.
64. "The Drew Carey Show". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2024-01-28. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
65. "Voice of Daffy Duck in The Sylvester & Tweety Mysteries". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2024-01-28. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
66. "Sing Along: Looney Tunes". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on November 26, 2021. Retrieved November 25, 2021.
67. "Various – Crash! Bang! Boom! The Best Of WB Sound FX (2000, CD)". Discogs. August 15, 2000. Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
68. "THE LOONEY TUNES KWAZY CHRISTMAS". VGMdb. Archived from the original on December 7, 2021. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
69. "Laff Riot (full Unaired Pilot)". Internet Archive.org. 4 November 2009.
70. Eh, what's up, Doc? TomTom offers Looney Tunes voices for GPS navigators Archived 2017-06-07 at the Wayback Machine
    Consumer Reports . September 27, 2010. Retrieved September 24, 2016.
71. "Looney Tunes Click 'N READ Phonics". Behind the Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2024-01-28. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
72. "Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham". Behind the Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2022-05-12. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
73. "The Toonite Show Starring Bugs Bunny". behindthevoiceactors.com. Archived from the original on 2021-11-28. Retrieved 2021-11-28.
74. "Bugs Bunny Wacky World Games". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2021-11-28. Retrieved 2020-10-01.
75. "Looney Tunes: What's Up Rock?". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2020-07-10.
76. "The Looney Tunes Rockin' Road Show". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2021-11-28. Retrieved 2020-09-28.
77. "Looney Tunes Dance Off". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on November 28, 2021. Retrieved November 27, 2021.
78. "Daffy Duck: The Marvin Missions". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2020-10-21. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
79. "Fox Kids 1993 "Merrie Melodies" promo". YouTube. 4 March 2019. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
80. "Bugs Bunny: Rabbit Rampage". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2019-04-01. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
81. "Acme Animation Factory". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2020-10-22. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
82. "Looney Tunes B-Ball". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2020-10-30. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
83. "Voice of Daffy Duck in Alpha-Bits". Behind The Voice Actors. Retrieved 2024-10-18.
84. "Warner Bros. Kids Club". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2020-10-06. Retrieved 2020-09-27.
85. "Quest for Camelot promotion with the Looney Tunes (1998)". YouTube. 18 November 2016. Archived from the original on 2021-12-11. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
86. "Zac Vega on Twitter: "Here's what appears to be an animation test by THE Eric Goldberg himself for "Looney Tunes: Back in Action." Voices by Greg Burson."". Twitter. Archived from the original on September 4, 2022. Retrieved September 8, 2022.
87. ""The Voice Artist's Spotlight on Twitter: "Greg Burson was the go-to guy for all voices in all of the Looney Tunes games developed by Sunsoft. Also voiced Daffy, Porky Pig, Elmer Fudd, and more.""". X. Retrieved October 11, 2024.
88. "Looney Tunes Musical Revue". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2020-07-12. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
89. "06 Looney Tunes stage Show_0001". Flickr. 29 March 2010. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
90. "The Christmas Looney Tunes Classic Collection (Music Cassette): Performed by Keith Scott". YouTube. 16 December 2023. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
91. "Warner Bros. Movie World Illuminanza". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2021-04-17. Retrieved 2021-03-09.
92. "New Looney Tunes show unveiled at Movie World". Leisure Management. Archived from the original on 27 November 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
93. "CLASSROOM CAPERS". Alastair Fleming Associates. Archived from the original on 27 May 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
94. "That Wascally Wabbit". ianheydon.com. Archived from the original on 17 March 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
95. "The Day I Met Bugs Bunny". Ian Heydon. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
96. "Looney Tunes featuring Santa Claus, Lauren & Andrew - Carols by Candlelight 2013". YouTube. 25 December 2013. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
97. "Looney Tunes Christmas Carols". K-Zone. Archived from the original on 16 January 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
98. "Carols by Candlelight". National Boys Choir of Australia. 24 December 2013. Archived from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
99. "Keith Scott: Down Under's Voice Over Marvel". Animation World Network. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2020.
100. "Keith Scott". Grace Gibson Shop. Archived from the original on July 4, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2020.
101. "Keith Scott-"The One-Man Crowd"" Archived 2020-09-16 at the Wayback Machine . Retrieved August 23, 2020.
102. "Daffy Duck Feat. The Groove Gang – Party Zone (1991, Vinyl)". Discogs. Archived from the original on 2 June 2023. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
103. "Daffy Duck Feat. The Groove Gang - Party Zone (Official Video - HQ)". YouTube. 7 August 2012. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
104. "Daffy Duck Feat. Bugs Bunny – Dynamite (1992, Vinyl)". Discogs. Archived from the original on 2 June 2023. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
105. "Daffy Duck Feat. Bugs Bunny - Dynamite (Official Video - HQ)". YouTube. 7 August 2012. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
106. "Voice(s) of Daffy Duck in McDonald's". Behind The Voice Actors. Retrieved 2024-10-18.
107. "Voice(s) of Daffy Duck in Kids' WB". Behind The Voice Actors. Retrieved 2024-10-19.
108. "The Daffy Duck Show (1996) Trailer (VHS Capture)". YouTube. 14 June 2015. Retrieved 2024-10-18.
109. "Voice of Daffy Duck in Space Jam (pinball)". Behind The Voice Actors. Retrieved 2024-10-18.
110. "Boomerang Channel (Australia) promo". YouTube. 10 February 2018. Retrieved 2024-10-11.
111. "Converse". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2022-11-01. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
112. "All Of The Looney Tunes x Converse Redubs". YouTube. October 2017. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
113. "Sebastián Ortiz Ramírez on Twitter: "I'll say this fast. Billy West and Jeff Bennett recorded dialogue for Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck in "Looney Tunes: Back in Action". Later on in post-production it was ADR'd by Joe Alaskey, but a lot of Bennett's "Woo-hoo!" as Daffy were kept in the film."". Twitter. Archived from the original on July 20, 2023. Retrieved July 20, 2023.
114. "Sprint". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2022-12-04. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
115. Monger, James. "A Looney Tunes Sing-A-Long Christmas". AllMusic. Archived from the original on November 25, 2021. Retrieved November 26, 2021.
116. "Daffy Duck as Tom Jones (Duck Dodgers)". YouTube. 17 October 2010. Retrieved 2024-10-11.
117. "Voice of Daffy Duck in Robot Chicken". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2021-09-28. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
118. "Voice of Daffy Duck in Animaniacs (2020)". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on 2024-01-28. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
119. "AT&T Launches Looney Tunes 5G Experience". YouTube. AT&T. 27 October 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-12-11. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
120. "Looney Tunes 5G Experience is now open to limited access at the AT&T Experience Store in Dallas". Twitter. @bauzilla. Archived from the original on July 6, 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
121. "Are you talking to me? Azure AI brings iconic characters to life with Custom Neural Voice". The Official Microsoft Blog. 3 February 2021. Archived from the original on 30 July 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
122. "Microsoft Azure AI is Bringing Iconic Characters to Life with the Help of Custom Neural Voice and 5G Network". MarkTechPost. 14 February 2021. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
123. Weiss, Josh (November 19, 2018). "Development: Space Jam 2 to film on West Coast; Mr. Mercedes driving toward Season 3; more". SYFY WIRE. Archived from the original on November 20, 2018. Retrieved November 20, 2018.
124. Spangler, Todd (November 22, 2021). "Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck Star in First Looney Tunes Scripted Podcast Series (Podcast News Roundup)". Variety Magazine . Archived from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
125. Milligan, Mercedes (14 June 2022). "Trailer: 'Bugs Bunny Builders' Breaks Ground on Cartoonito July 25". Animation Magazine. Archived from the original on 14 June 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
126. "John Cena on Instagram". Instagram. Retrieved October 18, 2024.
127. "Looney Tunes Voice Actor Eric Bauza Advocates for 'COYOTE VS. ACME!' Release at 2024 Annie Awards". YouTube. 18 February 2024. Retrieved 2024-10-18.
128. "Acme Fools Continues… w/ the Looney Tunes 🐾 Scooby Doo Mashup #RUHROH @looneytunes". Instagram. Bauzilla. Archived from the original on August 10, 2023. Retrieved August 8, 2023.
129. Paz, Maggie (April 20, 2023). "Tiny Toons Looniversity Teaser Trailer Previews Reboot Series". Yahoo. Archived from the original on April 21, 2023. Retrieved April 21, 2023.
130. "Meet the All-Star Voice Cast for "Tiny Toons Looniversity"" (Press release). Cartoon Network. June 22, 2023. Retrieved June 22, 2023– via The Futon Critic.
131. "I don't often voice video games... but when I do... PINBALL MACHINE!!!". Twitter. @Bauzilla. Archived from the original on December 12, 2023. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
132. Taylor, Drew (September 22, 2022). "Watch a Clip from New 'Looney Tunes' Movie 'The Day the Earth Blew Up' (Exclusive Video)". The Wrap. Archived from the original on September 25, 2022. Retrieved September 25, 2022.
133. "Here's my singing audition that helped me book "Bye Bye Bunny: A Looney Tunes Musical " — with screenplay and lyrics by Emmy Award winner Ariel Dumas (The Late Show with Stephen Colbert) and music and orchestration by Pulitzer Prize, Tony and Grammy winner Tom Kitt (Next to Normal). Wish we could've seen this one come to fruition — would've been a good one 🎞️ 🎥 🍿 🥕🐰". Twitter. @Bauzilla. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
134. "If you saw @TeenTitansMovie this past weekend then you caught my 1st time out as this web-footed psycho! Beyond honored to "WooHoo" across the big screen as Daffy Duck! This new WB logo was storyboarded & directed by Pete Browngardt!! #LooneyTunesCartoons #WBanimation #MelBlanc". Twitter. @Bauzilla. Archived from the original on 18 January 2024. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
135. Weiss, Josh (2018-11-19). "Development: Space Jam 2 to film on West Coast; Mr. Mercedes driving toward Season 3; more". SYFY WIRE. Archived from the original on 2018-11-20. Retrieved 2019-07-05.
136. "Official Singles Chart Top 75 | Official Charts Company". Official Charts . Archived from the original on 2021-03-01. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
137. "About us". magic-horizons.com. Archived from the original on 2020-10-21. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
138. "Official Singles Chart Top 75 | Official Charts Company". Official Charts . Archived from the original on 2020-11-15. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
139. Carr, Richard (April 25, 1999). "Daffy Duck Joins Looney Tunes Cartoon Colleagues On A Stamp". Sun-Sentinel . Archived from the original on 2013-10-23. Retrieved 2013-10-22.

Sources

• Adamson, Joe (1990). Bugs Bunny: 50 Years and Only One Grey Hare. Henry Holt & Co.
• Schneider, Steve (1990). That's All Folks!: The Art of Warner Bros. Animation . Henry Holt & Co. ISBN   0-8050-0889-6.
• Solomon, Charles (1994). The History of Animation: Enchanted Drawings. Random House Value Publishing. ISBN   0-517-11859-9.