Dais | |
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Dais cotinifolia | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Malvales |
Family: | Thymelaeaceae |
Subfamily: | Thymelaeoideae |
Genus: | Dais Royen ex L. |
Species | |
2, see text |
Dais is a genus of flowering plants in the family Thymelaeaceae. It is also part of the Gnidia subfamily, along with Gnidia , Drapetes, Kelleria , Pimelea , Struthiola , Lachnaea and Passerina , other genera of species). [1] It is distributed between Tanzania to S. Africa, Madagascar. It is native to the countries of Eswatini, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Tanzania, Zimbabwe and it is also found within several Provinces of South Africa, such as Cape Provinces, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal and Northern Provinces. [2]
It has deciduous, [3] many-branched shrubs or trees. [4] The bush or tree can reach up to 10 ft. [5] The branches are dark or greyish brown and glabrous (smooth). The leaves are often at the ends of the branches and are opposite or alternate (arranged along the stem). [4] They are petiolate (have a stalk) and have a smooth blade. They have a slightly bluish tinge above and are light green beneath, with the midrib and pinnate lateral veins yellow beneath. The flowers have a dense, peduncle (have a flower stalk) and the terminal head, has involucral bracts (a structure surrounding or supporting, usually a head of flowers) is rigid and persistent. [4] [6] The involucre is four-leaved, [7] It has a spherical head of flowers. [4] It has a cylindric calyx-tube, which is often slightly curved, [4] and is circumscissile (opens at the top) above the ovary. [6] It has 5 (rarely 4) lobes, [7] with the outer lobes slightly larger than the inner. It has no petals, but 10 stamen. [6] [4] It has a single chambered ovary, [6] [4] [7] with one seed or fruit. [7]
First published in Sp. Pl. ed. 2 on page 556 in 1762, by Adriaan van Royen, based on an earlier description by Carl Linnaeus. [2]
The genus name is derived from 'Dais' which means a 'torch' in Greek, and it refers to the resemblance of the stalk and bracts holding the flowers to a torch about to be lit. [4] [8] [9]
The type specimen is Dais cotinifolia L. [10]
In 1807, was originally placed within Vipreculae family, (which all had an involucre which was 4 leaved, many flowered, no perianth, one petalled, funnel-formed, tube filiform, and border 5 cleft. There were 3 known species; Dais cotinifolia, Dais ocranda and Dais difperma. [11]
Thomas Moore notes that there was 7 species in the genus in 1874. [12]
It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 17 September 1996. [13]
2 accepted species are known;(according to Kew) [2]
Both species are used as ornamentals within gardens, [1] grown for their flowers and the overall appearance. [3]
Within the garden setting, the plants are frost tender, require full sun and well drained soils. It is recommended to water containerized plants well when in growth and less when leafless. It is possible to propagate the plants, by seed in spring or by semi-ripe cuttings in summer. [3]
Kniphofia is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Asphodelaceae, first described as a genus in 1794. All species of Kniphofia are native to Africa. Common names include tritoma, red hot poker, torch lily and poker plant.
The Thymelaeaceae are a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants composed of 50 genera and 898 species. It was established in 1789 by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The Thymelaeaceae are mostly trees and shrubs, with a few vines and herbaceous plants.
Aneilema is a genus of monocotyledonous plants of approximately 60 species. The vast majority of the species are native to sub-Saharan Africa, but a few are found in Oceania and one, Aneilema brasiliense, is from South America. It is the third largest genus in the family Commelinaceae after Commelina and Tradescantia, and it is one of only six genera in the family to occur in both the Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere.
Gnidia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Thymelaeaceae. It is distributed in tropical and southern Africa and Madagascar; more than half of all the species are endemic to South Africa. Gnidia was named for Knidos, an Ancient Greek city located in modern-day Turkey.
Dais cotinifolia, known as the pompom tree, is a small Southern African tree belonging to the Thymelaeaceae family. It occurs along the east coast northwards from the Eastern Cape, inland along the Drakensberg escarpment through KwaZulu-Natal and the Transvaal, with an isolated population in the Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe. It flowers profusely during the summer months and produces a multitude of pink, sweet-scented, globular flowerheads about 10 cm across. Depending on the circumstances it can reach a height of up to 12m, although it rarely exceeds 6m in cultivation.
Lintonia is a genus of African plants in the grass family.
Phaleria is flowering plant genus of about 25 species in the family Thymelaeaceae, which range from Sri Lanka to Malesia, Papuasia, northern and eastern Australia, and the tropical Pacific Islands.
Enteropogon is a genus of tropical and subtropical plants in the grass family. It is widespread across many parts of Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various islands.
Pechuel-loeschea, is a monotypic genus of African plants in the elecampane tribe within the sunflower family, and named after the German plant collector and geographer Eduard Pechuël-Loesche (1840-1913).
Coleotrype is a genus of perennial monocotyledonous flowering plants in the dayflower family. It is found in Africa and Madagascar.
Struthiola is a genus of plants in the family Thymelaeaceae. In habit they are ericoid shrubs or shrublets. The genus includes 31 species native to Africa, which range from Ethiopia to South Africa.
Lasiosiphon is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Thymelaeaceae.
Pterodiscus is a genus of plant in the Pedaliaceae family comprising several species with a native range from Ethiopia to S. Africa. The range passes through the countries of Angola, Botswana,, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Plus it is found also within the Provinces of South Africa in Cape Provinces, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal and Northern Provinces.
Rogeria is a genus of plants in the Pedaliaceae family consisting of several species, with a native range extending from the island of Cape Verde to Eritrea, Namibia to the Cape Provinces.
Commelina africana, the common yellow commelina, is a widespread species of flowering plant in the family Commelinaceae. It is native to Sub‑Saharan Africa, Madagascar, Réunion, and the Arabian Peninsula, and has been introduced to India. It is occasionally consumed as a leaf vegetable, and occasionally fed to rabbits and pigs.
Hewittia malabarica is a flowering plant in the monotypic genus HewittiaWight & Arn., belonging to the family Convolvulaceae and widespread throughout tropical Africa, Asia, and Polynesia. It is a climbing or prostrate perennial herb with slender stems and flowers that are pale yellow, cream, or white with a purple center, and large leaves that can be used as a cooked vegetable or used in folk medicine with the roots. The stems can be used to make ropes.
Ruspolia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Acanthaceae.
Dais glaucescens, commonly called havohoa in Malagasy, is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae that is native to central Madagascar. It was originally described by Joseph Decaisne in the Annales des Sciences Naturelles in 1843.
Schistostephium griseum is a species of plant from southern Africa.