| Dekeyser's nectar bat | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Chiroptera |
| Family: | Phyllostomidae |
| Genus: | Lonchophylla |
| Species: | L. dekeyseri |
| Binomial name | |
| Lonchophylla dekeyseri Taddei et al., 1983 | |
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Dekeyser's nectar bat (Lonchophylla dekeyseri) is a bat species found in Brazil and Bolivia. [2] [1]
This species was initially encountered in August 1970 in Brasília National Park. It was described in 1983 by Valdir Taddei, Luiz Vizotto, and Ivan Sazima. [3] The species was named dekeyseri in honor of French zoologist Pierre Louis Dekeyser. [4]
They weigh approximately 10.7 g (0.38 oz). Their forearms are about 35 mm (1.4 in) long. [5] Their dental formula is 2.1.2.32.1.3.3 Their abdomens are paler than their backs. [6] It is considered one of the smaller members of its genus. [7] They have a relatively short skull compared to other Lonchophylla species. Their nose-leaf is small, measuring 6.8 mm (0.27 in) long and 4.6 mm (0.18 in) wide. Their ears are 14 mm (0.55 in) long and 9.5 mm (0.37 in) wide. The tragus tapers to a point, and is about 5 mm (0.20 in) long. The lower lip is grooved, and bordered with small, wart-like protuberances. The calcar is pronounced but short, at 5 mm (0.20 in) long. [3]
Their home range is 564–640 ha (2.18–2.47 sq mi). Home ranges consist of almost equal parts of the cerrado biome and pasture. [5] It feeds on nectar. Plants comprising its diet include Hymenaea stigonocarpa , members of the Bauhinia genus (B. cupulata, B. multinervia, B. brevipes, B. megalandra, B. pauletia, B. ungulata , B. rufa), and Luehea trees. [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] They also consume nectar from plants of the Lafoensia and Pseudobombax genera. In the dry season, which is when nectar is most abundant, they feed predominantly on nectar. In the wet season, however, they will increase their insect and fruit consumption. [13]
Pups are found July through November. They are thought to be monoestrous, breeding only once per year. Because the roosts contain more females than males, it is possible that they have a harem social structure. They emerge from their roosts shortly after dusk, and return just before dawn in the rainy season. In the dry season, they will return briefly around midnight before leaving again, returning again before dawn. [1] They have 28 chromosomes. [14]
This bat is endemic to the Cerrado of Brazil. It is dependent on caves for its roosts during the day. It is found in dry forests with calcareous outcroppings. [1]
One of the threats to this species is inappropriate efforts to eradicate vampire bats. Vampire bat culling techniques are often applied indiscriminately, and end up killing other species of bat, including endangered species. Methods include lighting dynamite in caves or cementing caves shut during the day while bats are roosting. Current vampire bat management practices have serious and significant negative effects on its population. [15] In 1996, this species was evaluated as vulnerable by the IUCN, which was later revised to near threatened in 2008. In 2016, its status was again revised to endangered. It is listed as endangered because the population likely consists of fewer than 2,500 individuals, its distribution is patchy and limited, and its suitable habitat is rapidly declining. There are six identified subpopulations; each is thought to have fewer than 100 individuals. Because it is associated with karstic landscapes, it is threatened by disturbance from mining. [1]
Vampire bats, members of the subfamily Desmodontinae, are leaf-nosed bats currently found in Central and South America. Their food source is the blood of other animals, a dietary trait called hematophagy. Three extant bat species feed solely on blood: the common vampire bat, the hairy-legged vampire bat, and the white-winged vampire bat. Two extinct species of the genus Desmodus have been found in North America.
The New World leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae) are bats found from southern North America to South America, specifically from the Southwest United States to northern Argentina. They are ecologically the most varied and diverse family within the order Chiroptera. Most species are insectivorous, but the phyllostomid bats include within their number true predatory species and frugivores. For example, the spectral bat, the largest bat in the Americas, eats vertebrate prey, including small, dove-sized birds. Members of this family have evolved to use food groups such as fruit, nectar, pollen, insects, frogs, other bats, and small vertebrates, and in the case of the vampire bats, even blood.
The spectral bat, also called the great false vampire bat, great spectral bat, American false vampire bat or Linnaeus's false vampire bat, is a large, carnivorous leaf-nosed bat found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. It is the only member of the genus Vampyrum; its closest living relative is the big-eared woolly bat. It is the largest bat species in the New World, as well as the largest carnivorous bat: its wingspan is 0.7–1.0 m (2.3–3.3 ft). It has a robust skull and teeth, with which it delivers a powerful bite to kill its prey. Birds are frequent prey items, though it may also consume rodents, insects, and other bats.
The dark long-tongued bat is a species of bat from South and Central America. It was formerly considered the only species within the genus Lichonycteris, but is now recognized as one of two species in that genus, along with the pale brown long-nosed bat. It is small species of bat, with adults weighing 6–11 g (0.21–0.39 oz) and having a total length of 46–63 mm (1.8–2.5 in).
Bokermann's nectar bat is a bat species from South America. It is endemic to Brazil. It feeds on nectar, and is listed as an endangered species.
The little yellow-shouldered bat is a bat species from South and Central America. It is a frugivore and an effective seed disperser.
The great stripe-faced bat or stripe-faced vampire bat is a bat species found from southern Mexico to Bolivia and northwestern Brazil, as well as on Trinidad. The great stripe-faced bat is a frugivore. It is one of two species within the genus Vampyrodes the other being Vampyrodes major.
Lonchophylla is a genus of bats in the family Phyllostomidae.
Chiroderma – big-eyed bats or white-lined bats – is a genus of leaf-nosed bat found in North America, Central America, and South America and the Lesser Antilles.
The Mexican long-tongued bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is the only species within the genus Choeronycteris. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and the United States.
The buffy flower bat is a species of bat in the leaf-nosed bat family, Phyllostomidae. It is found in the Bahamas, the Cayman Islands, Cuba, and Jamaica.
The southern long-nosed bat is a South American species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae.
Fernandez's sword-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is the smallest species of the Lonchorhina genus. It is endemic to Venezuela. In 2013, Bat Conservation International listed this species as one of the 35 species of its worldwide priority list of conservation. It is threatened by habitat loss. It derives its scientific name from a Venezuelan zoologist, Dr. Alberto Fernandez Badillo, whose research focused on vampire bats, in particular.
The banana bat is an endangered species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is also commonly known as the trumpet-nosed bat or the Colima long-nosed bat.
Peracchi's nectar bat is a species of nectar-feeding bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It was first described from the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil.
Lonchophylla concava is a species of leaf-nosed bat found in Central and South America. It was long considered a synonym of Goldman's nectar bat, though is now recognized as distinct. It consumes nectar and pollen.
Hymenaea stiginocarpa is an irregularly shaped, mostly 6–9 m (20–30 ft) high tree that has been assigned to the pea family. It has a twisted spindle-shaped trunk, a very rough grey bark, and reddish-brown twigs. The deciduous leaves consist of two large asymmetrical leaflets with an entire margin. The flowers occur in clusters of up to thirty at the end of the branches. It produces edible, highly appreciated fruits, which are often collected from the wild and used by local people. The vernacular name of this species in Brazil is jatobá do cerrado.
Chiroderma vizottoi is a species of frugivorous bat found in the northeast of Brazil.
Valdir Antonio Taddei (1942–2004) was a Brazilian professor of mammalogy, known for his expertise in bats and works on chiropteran phylogenetics and mammalian systematics. He had a PhD in Biological Sciences (Zoology) and a Graduation in Natural History from the Paulista State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho.
Lonchophylla orienticollina is a species of bat found in Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador.
