Didelphis

Large American opossums [1]
The white-eared opossum, Didelphis albiventris, lives in South America.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Infraclass:	Marsupialia
Order:	Didelphimorphia
Family:	Didelphidae
Subfamily:	Didelphinae
Tribe:	Didelphini
Genus:	Didelphis Linnaeus, 1758
Type species
Didelphis marsupialis Linnaeus, 1758
Species
Didelphis albiventris    Didelphis aurita    Didelphis imperfecta    Didelphis marsupialis    Didelphis pernigra    Didelphis virginiana †Didelphis solimoensis (extinct)

Didelphis is a genus of New World marsupials. The six species in the genus Didelphis, commonly known as Large American opossums, are members of the opossum order, Didelphimorphia.

The genus Didelphis is composed of cat-sized omnivorous species, which can be recognized by their prehensile tails and their tendency to feign death when cornered. The largest species, the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana), is the only marsupial to be found north of Mexico.

The Virginia opossum has opposable toes on their two back feet.

One of the synapomorphies of this genus is the hypertrophied spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae, which also interlock. As a result, this prevents and movement of the neck. The purpose of this is not yet fully understood. ^[2]

Phylogeny

Cladogram of living large American opossums, the genus Didelphis: ^{[3] [4]}

	D. virginiana D. aurita D. marsupialis D. albiventris D. imperfecta D. pernigra

Species

Skeleton of Didelphis sp., 3D model

Image	Scientific name	Distribution
	Didelphis albiventris	Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay
	Didelphis aurita	Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay.
	Didelphis imperfecta	Brazil, Suriname, French Guiana and Venezuela.
	Didelphis marsupialis	northeast of Mexico to Bolivia to the central coast of Peru, including Trinidad and Tobago
	Didelphis pernigra	Venezuela to Bolivia
	Didelphis virginiana	Central America and North America from Costa Rica to southern Ontario

References

1. Gardner, A. (2005). Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 5. ISBN   978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC   62265494.
2. Giannini, Norberto P.; Gaudioso, Pablo; Flores, David A.; Gaudin, Timothy J. (2011-07-01). "A possible function for an enigmatic synapomorphy of Didelphis". Mammalian Biology. 76 (4): 512–514. doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2010.06.001. ISSN   1616-5047.
3. Upham, Nathan S.; Esselstyn, Jacob A.; Jetz, Walter (2019). "Inferring the mammal tree: Species-level sets of phylogenies for questions in ecology, evolution and conservation". PLOS Biol. 17 (12): e3000494. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000494 . PMC   6892540 . PMID   31800571.
4. Amador, Lucila I.; Giannini, Norberto P. (2016). "Phylogeny and evolution of body mass in didelphid marsupials (Marsupialia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)". Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 16 (3): 641–657. doi:10.1007/s13127-015-0259-x. hdl: 11336/50679 . S2CID   17393886.