| Year | Title | Label | Date recorded | Notes |
|---|
| 1940 | The Duke | Columbia | | |
| 1941 | Hot Piano | RCA Victor | 1941 | 4 x 10" 78 rpm; w/ Earl Hines, Fats Waller, and Jelly Roll Morton - the latter's additions were from 1929 |
| 1943 | A Duke Ellington Panorama | Victor | 1927–1940 | 4 x 78 RPM |
| 1943 | Ellingtonia, Vol. One | Brunswick | 1927–1931 | 4 × 78 RPM |
| 1944 | Ellingtonia, Vol. Two | Brunswick | 1928–1931 | 4 × 78 RPM |
| 1949 | Mood Ellington | Columbia | | 10-inch LP |
| 1952 | This is Duke Ellington | RCA Victor | 1940 | 10-inch LP |
| 1952 | Duke Ellington's Greatest | RCA Victor | 1945 | EP |
| 1953 | Duke Ellington Plays | Royale | 1946 | EP |
| 1953 | ASCAP Award Winners | Columbia | | EP |
| 1954 | The Music Of Duke Ellington Played By Duke Ellington | Columbia | | |
| 1955 | Duo | RCA Victor | 1940 | EP - w/ Jimmy Blanton |
| 1955 | The Duke and His Men | RCA Victor | 1941-42 | |
| 1955 | Here's the Duke | Columbia | | |
| 1955 | Duke's Mixture | Columbia | | |
| 1955 | Blue Light | Columbia | 1934–1939 | |
| 1955 | Early Recordings: Duke Ellington, Volume 1 | "X" | | |
| 1956 | In a Mellotone | RCA Victor | 1940–1942 | |
| 1956 | Duke Ellington Plays | Allegro | 1946 | a 10-inch LP version was available in 1952 and had six fewer selections |
| 1957 | The Birth of Big Band Jazz | Riverside Records | 1926 | the Fletcher Henderson tracks are from 1923–28 |
| 1958 | Caravan | RCA Victor | 1943, 1945 | EP |
| 1958 | The Royal Concert of Duke Ellington and His Famous Orchestra Volume 1 | AAMCO Records | | |
| 1959 [3] | The Duke's D.J. Special | Fresh Sound Records |
| The Royal Concert of Duke Ellington and His Famous Orchestra Volume 2 | AAMCO Records | | |
| 1958 | Swingin' High with Ellington and Basie | Omegatape | | w/ Count Basie |
| 1959 | At the Cotton Club | RCA Camden | 1929-31 | |
| 1961 | The Best of Duke Ellington and His Famous Orchestra | Capitol | 1953-55 | |
| 1961 | Music of Duke Ellington and Others | Spin-O-Rama | | |
| 1961 | The Indispensable Duke Ellington | RCA Victor | | |
| 1961 | Best of Duke Ellington/The Hits of Woody Herman | Capitol Records | | w/ Woody Herman |
| 1963 | Hail to the Duke | Camay Records | | |
| 1963 | Three of a Kind (3 Top Stars of Jazz Dance Bands) | Camay Records | | w/ Woody Herman and Bunny Berigan |
| 1963 | Great Times! | Riverside | | with Billy Strayhorn |
| 1964 | In a Magenta Haze | Tops Records | |
| 1964 | Daybreak Express | RCA Victor | 1931-34 |
| 1964 | Duke Ellington Meets Leonard Feather | Sutton | | w/ Leonard Feather - album is split between the two |
| 1965 | Jumpin' Punkins | RCA Victor | 1940–1941 | |
| 1967 | Duke Ellington's Greatest Hits | Reprise Records | | |
| 1967 [4] | Johnny Come Lately | RCA Victor |
| 1967 | The Far East Suite/The Popular Duke Ellington | RCA Victor | | |
| 1967 | Duke Ellington "The Beginning" Vol. 1 (1926-1928) | Decca | 1926-1928 | |
| 1968 | The Early Duke Ellington | Everest Records Archive Of Folk & Jazz Music | | |
| 1968 | Duke Ellington's Greatest Hits | Columbia | | |
| 1969 | In My Solitude | Harmony | | |
| 1969 | Flaming Youth | RCA Victor | 1927-29 | |
| 1969 | The Best of Duke Ellington | Sunset Records | | |
| 1970 | Duke's Rare and Unissued Masters | For Discriminate Collector | 1926-1939 | |
| 1970 | Duke Ellington "Rockin' In Rhythm" Vol. 3 (1929-1931) | Decca | 1929-1931 | |
| 1970 | Duke Ellington | UpFront Records | 1937 & 1940 | |
| 1971 | This is Duke Ellington | RCA Victor | | |
| 1972 | The Count Meets the Duke | Columbia House | | w/ Count Basie |
| 1973 | Ellingtonia Reevaluations: The Impulse Years | Impulse! | | |
| 1973 | Blues Summit | Verve Records | 1958-59 | w/ Johnny Hodges |
| 1973 | Take the A Train | RCA | | |
| 1973 | Duke Ellington Presents Ivie Anderson | Columbia | | w/ Ivie Anderson |
| 1973 | The Golden Duke | Prestige | | |
| Posthumous compilations |
|---|
| 1974 | Immortal Legend Volume II - The Early Years | Birchwood | | |
| 1974 | Social Security Presents the Genius of Duke (A New Series of 15-Minute Radio Shows Starring Duke Ellington and His Music) | U.S. Department Of Health, Education, And Welfare | | 2xLP originally, but a 7xLP box set by 1975 |
| 1974 | The World Of Duke Ellington | Columbia | 1947 | |
| 1974 | We Love You Madly | Pickwick | | |
| 1974 | Love You Madly | Vee Jay Records | 1950s | |
| 1974 | The Legendary Duke Ellington In Memoriam | Olympic Records | | |
| 1975 | Duke Ellington 1899-1974 | Epitaph | | |
| 1975 | The World Of Duke Ellington Volume 2 | Columbia | | |
| 1976 | Duke Ellington 1938 | Smithsonian Collection, Columbia Special Products | | later reissued as "Braggin' In Brass: The Immortal 1938 Year" |
| 1976 | The World Of Duke Ellington Volume 3 | Columbia | | |
| 1977 | 1899-1974 | M.F. Productions, Inc. | | 5xLP box set |
| 1977 | Duke Ellington Orchestra | Gramercy 5 | | |
| 1977 | Popular Hits, Ballets, Extended Works and Jazz Performances | Fox American | | 5xLP box set |
| 1977 | Duke Ellington 1939 | Smithsonian Collection, Columbia Special Products | | |
| 1978 | The Many Moods of Duke Ellington | Camden, Quintessence Jazz Series | | |
| 1978 | Plays Duke Ellington | Quintessence | | |
| 1978 | Duke Ellington's Band Shorts | Biograph | 1929, 1933, 1935 | |
| 1978 | Duke Ellington 1940 | Smithsonian Collection, RCA Special Products | | |
| 1978 | The Great Tenor Encounters | Impulse!, ABC Records, ABC Impulse! | w/ Coleman Hawkins & John Coltrane | |
| 1978 | The Immortal Duke Ellington Vol. 1 of 3 | Hall of Fame | 1943 | |
| 1978 | The Immortal Duke Ellington Vol. 3 of 3 | Hall of Fame | 1943 | |
| 1979 | An Explosion of Genius 1938-1940 | Columbia Special Products | | 6xLP box set |
| 1979 | Jubilation | Teller House | | w/ Paul Anka |
| 1979 | Satin Doll | Koala | | |
| 1979 | Take the "A" Train | Quintessence | | |
| 1979 | The Collector's Ellington | The Franklin Mint Record Society | 1928-61 | |
| 1979 | The Count Meets the Duke | Teller House | | w/ Count Basie |
| 1979 | The Royal Court of Swing | Realm Records | | w/ Count Basie |
| 1979 | Fats, Louis, Duke & Ella | Teller House Inc. | | w/ Fats Waller, Louis Armstrong, and Ella Fitzgerald |
| 1979 | Count, Duke & Hamp | Teller House Inc. | | w/ Count Basie and Lionel Hampton |
| 1980 | Giants of Jazz - Duke Ellington | Time Life Records | 1926-56 | 3xLP box set - came with a 48-page booklet |
| 1980 | The Best of Duke Ellington | Pablo Records | | |
| 1980 | Classic Ellington | Picc-A-Dilly | | |
| 1980 | 20 Golden Pieces of Duke Ellington | Bulldog Records | | |
| 1981 | Sophisticated Ellington | RCA | late '20s to mid-'40s, 1966 | |
| 1981 | Duke Ellington 1941 | Smithsonian Collection, RCA Special Products | | |
| 1982 | Heads of State | Accord | | w/ Count Basie |
| 1982 | The Girl's Suite and The Perfume Suite | Columbia | 1957 & 1961 | |
| 1982 | Lullaby of Birdland | Intermedia | 1940s-early '50s | |
| 1982 | Original Recordings by Duke Ellington | RCA, Pair Records | | |
| 1982 | Forever | HSRD | | |
| 1982 | Do Nothing Till You Hear From Me | Intermedia | | |
| 1982 | Duke Ellington | CBS Special Products | | |
| 1982 | Lena & the Duke | RCA Special Products | | w/ Lena Horne |
| 1983 | Big Bands: Duke Ellington | Time Life Music | | 2xLP box set |
| 1983 | The Studio Series, Volume Six - 1930-1958 | Up-To-Date Records | 1930-1958 | |
| 1983 | Royalty | Allegiance | 1946 | |
| 1983 | Black Jazz And Blues : The First Sound Films | Sandy Hook Records | | w/ Bessie Smith and Cab Calloway |
| 1983 | Great Jazz Classics | The Franklin Mint Record Society | | various artists, though 3/4 of the tracks were from Ellington - 4xLP box set |
| 1983 | Brunswick-Vocalion Rarities | MCA Records | | |
| 1984 | Rockin' In Rhythm | AVI Records | | |
| 1984 | Prime Cuts | ERA Records | | |
| 1984 | The Best of Duke Ellington | CBS Special Products | | |
| 1984 | Black & Tan | CBS Special Products | | w/ Louis Armstrong |
| 1985 | Volume One - 1943 | Circle | | |
| 1985 | Happy Reunion | Sony | 1958 | two sessions from 1958 |
| 1985 | New Mood Indigo | Signature | 1962, 1964, 1966 | |
| 1985 | Louis Armstrong • Duke Ellington • Ella Fitzgerald • Ray Charles | LRC Jazz Classics | | w/ Louis Armstrong, Ella Fitzgerald, and Ray Charles |
| 1985 | Stardust | Golden Circle, Inc. | | |
| 1985 | The Best of the Big Bands: Caravan | Starday King | | |
| 1985 | Duke Vol.1 | Creative Sounds Limited | | |
| 1985 | Duke Vol.2 | Creative Sounds Limited | | |
| 1985 | Basie, Williams, Ellington | LRC Jazz Classics | | w/ Count Basie and Joe Williams |
| 1986 [5] | The Blanton–Webster Band | RCA/Bluebird | 1940–1942 | |
| 1987 | The Best of Duke Ellington | CBS Special Products | 1956-58, 1962, 1964 | |
| 1987 | Big Band | Big Band | | |
| 1988 | The Feeling of Jazz | 1201 Music | | |
| 1988 | Swing Back with Duke Ellington | Just For Records, B&C Records | | |
| 1989 | Recollections of the Big Band Era | Atlantic Jazz | 1962-63 | |
| 1989 | The Best of Duke Ellington | Capitol Special Markets | | |
| 1989 | Cotton Club Days | LaserLight Digital | | w/ Lena Horne and Cab Calloway |
| 1989 | Braggin' in Brass: The Immortal 1938 Year | CBS, Portrait | 1938 | |
| 1990 | Greatest Hits | CBS Special Products | | |
| 1990 | Sophisticated Lady | Golden Treasure | | |
| 1990 | The Great American Composers: Duke Ellington | Columbia Music Collection | | |
| 1990 | Three Suites | Columbia | | |
| 1990 | Solos, Duets and Trios | Bluebird | 1932-67 | |
| 1991 | Take the 'A' Train | Four Star | | |
| 1991 | The Duke's Men: Small Groups: Vol. 1 | Columbia, Legacy | | |
| 1991 | The Essence Of Duke Ellington | Columbia, Legacy | | |
| 1991 | Reminiscing in Tempo | Columbia, Legacy | | |
| 1991 | Mood Indigo | Pro-Arte Digital | | |
| 1991 | Jumpin' | Elite | | |
| 1991 | The Jazz Collector Edition | LaserLight Digital | | |
| 1991 | The OKeh Ellington | Columbia | 1927-30 | |
| 1992 | Duke Ellington! | Highland Music, Inc. | | |
| 1992 | Things Ain't What They Used to Be | Lester Recording Catalog | 1966, 1969 | |
| 1992 | Best of Duke Ellington | Curb Records | | |
| 1992 | Sophisticated Lady | Bluebird | | |
| 1992 | The World of Duke Ellington: Take the 'A' Train | Trace | | |
| 1992 | The World of Duke Ellington: Perdido | Trace | | |
| 1992 | S.R.O. + Thing Ain't What They Used To Be | Lester Recording Catalog | | |
| 1993 | Big Band Hits of Duke Ellington | MAC/VSOP | | |
| 1993 | The Duke's Men: Small Groups: Volume 2 (1938-1939) | Columbia, Legacy | | |
| 1993 | The Indispensable Duke Ellington And The Small Groups - Vol. 9/10 (1940-1946) | Jazz Tribune | | |
| 1993 | The Indispensable Duke Ellington Vol. 11/12 (1944-1946) | Jazz Tribune | | |
| 1993 | Ella & Duke | Verve Records | | w/ Ella Fitzgerald |
| 1993 | Duke Ellington's Incidental Music for Shakespeare's Play Timon of Athens | Varèse Sarabande | | adapted by Stanley Silverman; posthumous recordings of previously unreleased compositions |
| 1993 | Sophisticated Lady | CSI | | |
| 1994 | Verve Jazz Masters 4 | Verve Records | 1957-66 | |
| 1994 | Early Ellington - The Complete Brunswick and Vocalion Recordings of Duke Ellington, 1926-1931 | Decca Jazz | | |
| 1994 | 16 Most Requested Songs | Columbia, Legacy | | |
| 1994 | Beyond Category: The Musical Genius of Duke Ellington | RCA Special Products | | 2xCD box set |
| 1994 | Satin Doll | Eclipse Music Group | | |
| 1995 | Duke Ellington and His Great Vocalists | Columbia, Legacy | | |
| 1995 | The Best Of Duke Ellington | Capitol Jazz | 1953-55 | |
| 1995 | The Complete Capitol Recordings of Duke Ellington | Mosaic Records | 1953-55 | 5xCD/8xLP box set |
| 1996 | This Is Jazz 7 | Columbia, Legacy | 1927-59 | |
| 1996 | Greatest Hits | RCA Victor | 1928-67 | |
| 1996 | More Greatest Hits | RCA Victor | 1928-67 | |
| 1996 | The Best of Early Ellington | Decca Jazz | | |
| 1996 | Sophisticated Lady | Victor Jazz | | |
| 1996 | Duke Ellington | Penny | | |
| 1996 | American Legends | LaserLight Digital | | |
| 1996 | Jazz After Dark: Great Songs | Public Music Inc | | |
| 1996 | Great Songs | Jazz After Dark | | |
| 1996 | Duke Ellington | Eclipse Music Group, Inc. | | |
| 1997 | Jazz Profile: Duke Ellington | Blue Note | | |
| 1997 | The Encore Collection | BMG Special Products | | |
| 1997 | A Musical Contribution by America's Best for Our Armed Forces Overseas | V Disc, Collectors' Choice Music | | |
| 1998 | The Private Collection (1956–1971) | Saja | 1956-71 | 10-CD box set |
| 1998 | The Ella Fitzgerald and Duke Ellington Côte D'Azur Concerts on Verve | Verve Records | 1966 | 8xCD box set |
| 1998 | Swingin' | BCI Music | | |
| 1998 | Priceless Jazz Collection | GRP | | |
| 1998 | Duke Ellington Plays Standards | Columbia Jazz, Legacy | | |
| 1998 | Battle of the Bands - Duke Ellington vs. Count Basie | BMG Classics, RCA Victor | 1940, 1947 | |
| 1999 | The Complete Sessions | Classic Records | 1961 | w/ Louis Armstrong; combines "Recording Together for the First Time" and "The Great Reunion" |
| 1999 | Jazziz Magazine On-Disc - April 1999 Ellington | Jazziz | 1961 | |
| 1999 | Sir Duke & Friends | Ottenheimer Creations | | |
| 1999 | The Reprise Studio Recordings | Mosaic Records | 1962-65 | 5xCD box set |
| 1999 | The Best of the Duke Ellington Centennial Edition: The Complete RCA Victor Recordings (1927-1973) | RCA Victor, BMG Classics | 1927-1973 | |
| 1999 | The Duke Ellington Centennial Edition: The Complete RCA Victor Recordings (1927-1973) | RCA Victor | 1927-1973 | 24xCD box set |
| 1999 | Centenary Celebration 1999 - Volume 1 | CDS Records Limited | | |
| 1999 | Centenary Celebration 1999 - Volume 2 | CDS Records Limited | | |
| 1999 | Centenary Celebration 1999 - Volume 3 | Louisiana Red Hot Records | | |
| 1999 | The Duke - The Columbia Years 1927-1962 | Columbia, Legacy | 1927-1962 | came with a hardback book |
| 1999 | Private Collection Volume I | J-Bird Records | | |
| 1999 | Private Collection Volume II | J-Bird Records | | |
| 1999 | Cocktail Hour | Columbia River Entertainment Group, Allegro Corporation | | |
| 1999 | The Duke Ellington Legacy | Varèse Sarabande | 1956-68 | |
| 1999 | Big Band Fever | Madacy Entertainment | 1956-68 | 3xCD box set - w/ Count Basie and Tommy Dorsey |
| 2000 | The Making of the Great Summit | Roulette Jazz | 1961 | w/ Louis Armstrong |
| 2000 | Ken Burns Jazz: Duke Ellington | Legacy, Columbia | 1927-60 | |
| 2000 | The Best of the Complete RCA Victor Mid-Forties Recordings (1944-1946) | RCA Victor, BMG Classics | 1944-1946 | |
| 2000 | The Very Best of Duke Ellington | RCA Victor, BMG Classics | | |
| 2000 | Ken Burns Jazz | Columbia, Legacy | | 3-CD box set - w/ Louis Armstrong and Benny Goodman |
| 2000 | Stew Burp: Small Groups and Big Band 1936-1939 | R/V Records | 1936-1939 | |
| 2000 | Blues And Ballads | Varèse Sarabande | | |
| 2000 | Highlights from The Duke Ellington Centennial Edition | RCA Victor, BMG Entertainment | | |
| 2000 | The Complete RCA Victor Mid-Forties Recordings (1944-1946) | RCA Victor | 1944-1946 | |
| 2000 | Falling in Love with Duke Ellington | RCA Victor | 1944-1946 | |
| 2000 | The Great Summit: Complete Sessions | Roulette Jazz | 1961 | w/ Louis Armstrong - combines "Recording Together for the First Time", "The Great Reunion", and "The Making of the Great Summit" |
| 2000 | The Best of the Big Bands Volume I | St. Clair | | w/ Count Basie |
| 2001 | Love Songs | Columbia, Legacy | 1947-61 | |
| 2001 | The Best of Duke Ellington/New Mood Indigo | Collectables, Sony Music | | |
| 2002 | Duke Ellington's Finest Hour | Verve Records | 1926-72 | |
| 2002 | In The Mood with Duke Ellington | Sony Music Custom Marketing Group | | |
| 2002 | Greatest Hits | Collectables | | |
| 2002 | 12 Classics | Varèse Sarabande | | |
| 2002 | The Strayhorn Touch | Collectables, BMG Special Products | | |
| 2003 | Never No Lament: The Blanton-Webster Band | Bluebird | 1940–1942 | from the Centennial set of 1999 |
| 2003 | The Bubber Miley Era: 1924-1929 | Jazz Legends | 1924-1929 | |
| 2004 | The Centennial Collection | Bluebird | | included a DVD |
| 2004 | Blue Harlem | Synergy Entertainment | | |
| 2005 | The Essential Duke Ellington | Columbia, Legacy | | |
| 2005 | A Sophisticated Genius | American Legends | | |
| 2006 | The Complete 1936-1940 Variety, Vocalion and Okeh Small Group Sessions | Mosaic Records | 1936-1940 | 7xCD box set |
| 2007 | Duke's Mixture/At the Bal Masque | Collectables, Sony BMG | | |
| 2008 | Best of Duke Ellington | X5 Music Group, Sony | | 26xFile (MP3) |
| 2008 | The Best of Duke Ellington | Sony BMG Music Entertainment, Columbia, RCA | | |
| 2008 | Super Hits | Sony BMG Music Entertainment | | |
| 2010 | Playlist: The Very Best of Duke Ellington | Masterworks Jazz, Legacy | | |
| 2013 | In Grand Company | Columbia, Legacy | | various artists paired with Ellington |
| 2014 | Will Big Bands Ever Come Back?/Recollections of the Big Band Era | American Jazz Classics | | |
| 2014 | Duke Ellington: The Original Recordings That Inspired the Broadway Hit After Midnight Broadway's Cotton Club Musical | Legacy | | |
| 2016 | The Duke Box 2 [6] | 1952–1972 | Storyville | 7-CD/1-DVD box set |
| 2019 | The Washingtonians | Squatty Roo Records | 1920s | |
| 2020 | 1928-1962 - The Essential Works | Diggers Factory | 1928-1962 | |
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