Eucalyptus pleurocarpa

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Tallerack
Eucalyptus pleurocarpa fruit.jpg
Foliage and fruit of Eucalyptus pleurocarpa in Kings Park
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. pleurocarpa
Binomial name
Eucalyptus pleurocarpa
Synonyms [1]
Eucalyptus pleurocarpa from "Eucalyptographia. A descriptive atlas of the eucalypts of Australia and the adjoining islands" (1879) Eucalyptus tetragona from "Eucalyptographia. A descriptive atlas of the eucalypts of Australia and the adjoining islands"; (1879) (20165942804).jpg
Eucalyptus pleurocarpa from "Eucalyptographia. A descriptive atlas of the eucalypts of Australia and the adjoining islands" (1879)
Eucalyptus pleurocarpa foliage Eucalyptus tetragona - glaucous leaves close.jpg
Eucalyptus pleurocarpa foliage
juvenile specimen in Maranoa Gardens Eucalyptus tetragona1.jpg
juvenile specimen in Maranoa Gardens

Eucalyptus pleurocarpa, commonly known as tallerack, [2] talyerock or tallerack [3] is a species of mallee that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, broadly lance-shaped to elliptical, grey or glaucous leaves that are arranged more or less in opposite pairs, flower buds in groups of seven, whitish flowers and glaucous, barrel-shaped fruit. It is easily recognised in the field by its form, large, white, waxy leaves and, when in flower, its stamens clustered in four groups.

Contents

Description

Eucalyptus pleurocarpa is a mallee that typically grows to 2–5 m (6 ft 7 in–16 ft 5 in) high, 3–6 m (9.8–19.7 ft) wide and forms a lignotuber and has smooth bark. It has a spreading to erect, straggly habit with many thin stems with smooth, greyish bark. The foliage is thick, leathery and waxy with a bluish grey colour and the flower buds, fruit and stems are white and waxy. Young plants and coppice regrowth have stems that are square in cross-section with a wing on each corner, egg-shaped to oblong or elliptical to heart-shaped, 100–120 mm (3.9–4.7 in) long and 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in) wide, petiolate and arranged in opposite pairs. Adult leaves are very similar to the juvenile leaves, arranged more or less in opposite pairs, the same dull greyish green on both sides, broadly lance-shaped to egg-shaped or elliptical, 45–140 mm (1.8–5.5 in) long and 25–70 mm (0.98–2.76 in) wide on a petiole 8–20 mm (0.31–0.79 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils in groups of three on a flattened, unbranched peduncle 6–18 mm (0.24–0.71 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels 2–8 mm (0.079–0.315 in) long. Mature buds are oval, 8–13 mm (0.31–0.51 in) long and 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in) wide with a four-sided floral cup, a rounded operculum and the stamens in four clusters. Flowering occurs from January to April or from October to December and the flowers are whitish. The fruit is a woody, barrel-shaped to cubic, four-angled capsule 12–22 mm (0.47–0.87 in) long and 14–20 mm (0.55–0.79 in) wide. [2] [4] [5] [6] [7]

Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus pleurocarpa was first formally described in 1844 by Johannes Conrad Schauer in Lehmann's book, Plantae Preissianae from specimens collected near Cape Riche. [8] [9] In 1867 George Bentham mentioned it as a synonym of Eucalyptus × tetragona, [10] previously described by Ferdinand von Mueller, based on Robert Brown's Eudesmia tetragona. [11] Eucalyptus pleurocarpa has been regarded as a synonym of E. tetragona including in the Flora of Australia in 1988. [12] The specific epithet (pleurocarpa) is from ancient Greek meaning "a rib" and "-fruited". [13]

The type specimen for the subgenus Eudesmia is also the type specimen for E. tetragona but because that type is intermediate between the glaucous E. pleurocarpa and the non-glaucous E. extrica , and because the name E. pleurocarpa was published before E. tetragona, the name Eucalyptus tetragona is no longer accepted at the Australian Plant Census.

The Noongar names for the species are talyerock or tallerack. [3]

The species name for the plant pleurocarpa is from the Greek words pleura meaning rib and carpos meaning fruit - because of the ribbed fruits. [14]

The species belongs to the sub-genus Eudesmia which all have the stamens in four bundles each at the corner of the square-shaped flower. The sub-group also includes E. erythrocorys [14]

Distribution and habitat

Eucalyptus pleurocarpa is found at two different locations on the undulating sandplains of south-western Western Australia from Eneabba in the Wheatbelt region in the north and between Albany and Esperance in the Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions to the south. [15]

It grows in grey to white sandy soils, often also containing gravel. It is emergent and conspicuous in shrubby heath-land communities. Associated eucalypt species include E. decipiens , E. falcata , E. hebetifolia , E. incrassata , E. thamnoides , E. uncinata and E. wandoo . [16]

Conservation status

This eucalypt is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. [5]

Use in horticulture

Like most mallees, the species is well suited to arid and semi-arid environments. [7]

The plant is sold commercially as an ornamental plant and the flowers and foliage are used as cut flowers. It is drought tolerant but is susceptible to frost and can grow in a range of soils in a full sun position. [6]

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Eucalyptus erythrocorys</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus erythrocorys, commonly known as illyarrie, red-capped gum or helmet nut gum, is a species of tree or mallee from Western Australia. It has smooth bark, sickle-shaped to curved adult leaves, characteristically large flower buds in groups of three with a bright red operculum, bright yellow to yellowish green flowers and sculptured, bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus erythronema</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus erythronema, commonly known as the red-flowered mallee, is a species of mallee or tree and is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth, dark pink to red bark that is shed to reveal whitish bark, and has lance-shaped adult leaves, pendulous flower buds mostly arranged in groups of three, red or yellow flowers and conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus preissiana</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus preissiana, commonly known as bell-fruited mallee, is a species of small tree or shrub that occurs in an area between Albany and Esperance in Western Australia. It has a spreading habit, smooth bark, elliptical to egg-shaped or oblong leaves, flower buds in groups of three, yellow flowers and cup-shaped, conical or bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus eudesmioides</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus eudesmioides, commonly known as mallalie, desert gum or mallabie is a species of mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It is a rounded, bushy mallee with smooth bark, egg-shaped to heart-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, club-shaped flower buds arranged in groups of three, whitish flowers and cylindrical to barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus flocktoniae</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus flocktoniae, commonly known as merrit, is a species of tree or mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth, silvery grey bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, prominently beaked flower buds in groups of seven or nine and barrel-shaped or urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus redunca</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus redunca, commonly known as black marlock, is a species of mallee or a shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between nine and fifteen, lemon-coloured flowers and barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus foecunda</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus foecunda, commonly known as narrow-leaved red mallee, Fremantle mallee or coastal dune mallee, is a species of plant in the myrtle family that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough bark on the trunk, smooth bark above, narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of nine or eleven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped fruit. It was previously included with the more widespread Eucalyptus leptophylla.

<i>Eucalyptus calycogona</i> species of plant in Australia

Eucalyptus calycogona, commonly known as the gooseberry mallee or square fruited mallee, is a mallee that is endemic to southern Australia. It has smooth bark, narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds that are square in cross-section arranged in groups of seven in leaf axils, creamy white, sometimes pink flowers, and fruit that are square in cross-section.

<i>Eucalyptus capillosa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus capillosa, commonly known as wheatbelt wandoo, or mallee wandoo, is a species of tree or mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth, grey bark, lance-shaped to elliptic adult leaves, spindle-shaped flower buds in groups of nine to thirteen, white flowers and barrel-shaped to cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus fruticosa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus fruticosa is a species of mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous or flaky bark on the trunk, sometimes also on the larger branches, smooth pale brownish bark above, linear to narrow elliptical adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white to cream-coloured flowers and barrel-shaped to shortened spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus gongylocarpa</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus gongylocarpa, commonly known as baarla, marble gum or desert gum, is a species of tree endemic to central Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped to elliptical leaves arranged more or less in opposite pairs, flower buds in groups of seven, whitish flowers and more or less spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus pruinosa</i> Species of tree

Eucalyptus pruinosa, commonly known as silver box, silver leaf box, apple box or smoke tree, is a species of tree or a mallee that is endemic to northern Australia. The Jaminjung peoples know the tree as yarrirra or jarnbiny, the Jaru as wararn and the Wagiman as wararn. It has rough, fibrous to flaky bark on the trunk and branches, a crown composed of juvenile, glaucous, heart-shaped to broadly elliptical leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds arranged in groups of seven on the ends of branches, creamy white to pale yellow flowers and cylindrical to conical fruit.

Eucalyptus repullulans, commonly known as chrysoprase mallee, is a species of mallee that is native to arid parts of Western Australia and the far north-west of South Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and thirteen, cream-coloured flowers and cup-shaped, cylindrical or conical fruit.

Eucalyptus subangusta is a species of tree, mallee or mallet that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, narrow lance-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of up to nineteen, white flowers and cup-shaped to barrel-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus wyolensis, commonly known as the Wyola mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to South Australia. It has rough bark on the base of the stems, smooth grey to brown bark above, heart-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds in groups of seven to eleven, pale yellow flowers and cup-shaped to barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus ceracea</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus ceracea also known as the Seppelt Range gum or Seppelt Range yellow-jacket, is a species of small tree or mallee that is endemic to a small area in the north of Western Australia. It has thick, fibrous or flaky bark on the trunk and larger branches, dull, glaucous, egg-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, bright orange flowers and urn-shaped fruit. The leaves, buds and fruit are covered with a white wax.

Eucalyptus conveniens is a species of small mallee or shrub that is endemic to a small area on the west coast of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, sometimes with a short stocking of rough bark near its base, lance-shaped to egg-shaped or elliptic adult leaves, flowers buds in groups of three, whitish flowers and glaucous, barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus extrica</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus extrica, commonly known as eastern tallerack, is a species of mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds in groups of three, whitish flowers and cylindrical to barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus × brachyphylla</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus × brachyphylla is a mallee or small tree that is endemic to a small area in Western Australia. It has rough bark near the base of the trunk, smooth greyish bark above, egg-shaped to elliptic adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven in leaf axils, white flowers and conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus socialis <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> eucentrica</i> Subspecies of plant

Eucalyptus socialis subsp. eucentrica, commonly known as the inland red mallee, is a subspecies of mallee that is endemic to inland Australia. It usually has rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, pale creamy yellow flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped or spherical fruit.

References

  1. 1 2 "Eucalyptus pleurocarpa". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  2. 1 2 "Eucalyptus pleurocarpa". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
  3. 1 2 "Noongar names for plants". kippleonline.net. Archived from the original on 2 August 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  4. ↑ Brooker, I. & Kleinig, D., Eucalyptus, An illustrated guide to identification, Reed Books, Melbourne, 1996
  5. 1 2 "Eucalyptus pleurocarpa". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  6. 1 2 "Eucalyptus pleurocarpa - Tallerack". Plant Selector. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  7. 1 2 "Fact Sheet: Mallee Trees". Gardening Australia. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 26 October 2017.
  8. ↑ "Eucalyptus pleurocarpa". APNI. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  9. ↑ Lehmann, Johann G.C. (ed.); Schauer, Johannes C. (1844). Plantae Preissianae (Volume 1). Hamburg: Sumptibus meissneri. p. 132. Retrieved 3 December 2019.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  10. ↑ "Eucalyptus × tetragona". APNI. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  11. ↑ "Eudesmia tetragona". APNI. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  12. ↑ Chippendale, George M. (1988). Flora of Australia (Volume 19). Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service. p. 109. ISBN   0644058668.
  13. ↑ Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 279. ISBN   9780958034180.
  14. 1 2 "Eucalyptus pleurocarpa". Australian Native Plants Society. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  15. ↑ "Distribution of E. pleurocarpa - noting distribution is in two areas".
  16. ↑ "Eucalyptus pleurocarpa - blue mallee, tallerack" (PDF). Eucalypts of Western Australia. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
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