Family tree of Pahang monarchs

Last updated

The following is family tree of the Malay monarchs of Pahang, from the establishment of the Old Pahang Sultanate in 1470 until present day.

Contents

House of Melaka-Pahang

House of Melaka-Pahang
House of Melaka Dewa Sura [1]
Old Pahang
r. ?–1454
Mansur [2]
Melaka
r. 1456–1477
♀ Wanang Seri
Lela Wangsa [3]
Old Pahang
Sultanate
Ahmad I [4]
(2)
r. 1475–1495
Muhammad [5]
(1)
r. 1470–1475
Mansur I
(4)
r. 1512–1519
♀Raja Putri
Olah [6]
Mahmud
(5)
r. 1519–1530
Abdul Jamil
(3)
r. 1495–1512
♀ Raja Wati
Raja Ahmad♀ Raja Puspa
Dewi
♀ Raja Kesuma
Dewi
Muzaffar
(6)
r. 1530–1540
Zainal Abidin
(7)
r. 1540–1555
Abdul Jalil II
Johor
r. 1571–1597
Mansur II
(8)
r. 1555–1560
Abdul Jamal
(9)
r. 1560–1590
Abdul Kadir
Alauddin

(10)
r. 1560–1590
Raja Asif
Siak
♀Raja Putih
Alauddin III
Johor
r. 1597–1615
Raja Mahmud♀ Putri Bongsu
Chandra
Dewi
Ahmad II
(11)
r. 1590–1592
♀ a Bruneian
princess
♀ Raja Putri
Zaharah
of Brunei
Abdul Ghafur
(12)
r. 1592–1614
Raja Ungu
Pattani
r. 1624–1635
Abdul Jalil III
(14)
[note 1]
r. 1615–1617
r. 1623–1641
Iskandar
Thani

Aceh
r. 1610–1641
♀ Raja Putri
Kamarliah
Abdullah
Johor
r. 1615–1623
Raja Abdullah Alauddin
(13)
r. 1614–1615
Raja Kuning
Pattani
r. 1635–1688
Raja Bajau
[note 2]
r. 1641–1677
Muzaffar II
Perak
r. 1636–1654
♀Raja Putri
Fatima Puteh
House of
Siak-Perak
Ibrahim
[note 3]
r. 1677–1685
Mahmud II
[note 4]
r. 1685–1699

House of Bendahara-Pahang

In 1699, following the accession of Abdul Jalil IV from the Bendahara dynasty, as the tenth Sultan of Johor, Pahang was established as a special province of Bendahara (hereditary grand viziers of Johor empire), and ruled by a succession of Bendahara, from Tun Mas Anum (r. 1699–1717) to Tun Hassan (r. 1748–1770). With the decline of Johor from the late 18th century, and the involvement of foreign powers, the Bendahara consolidated their power in Pahang and became increasingly independent. During the reign of Tun Abdul Majid, a semi-independent state Pahang Kingdom was established with Bendahara acquiring similar status as a Raja ('king'). [7] By 1884, the sixth Raja Bendahara, Tun Ahmad was formally proclaimed Sultan. [8]

House of Bendahara-Pahang
House of
Bendahara
Tun Habib
Abdul Majid

B.S.M
r. 1677–1697
Abdul
Jalil IV

[note 5]
B.P.R
r. 1697–1699
r. 1699–1718
Zainal
Abidin I

Terengganu
r. 1725–1733
Tun
Mas Anum
B.S.M
r. 1699–1717
Tun
Abdullah
B.P.R
r. 1717
Tun
Abdul Jamal
B.S.M
r. 1717
Tun
Tahir
T.P.R
r. 1722–1750
Sulaiman
Johor
(11)
r. 1722–1760
Tun
Abbas
B.S.M
r. 1721
Tun
Husain
B.P.R
r. 1721–1748
Pahang Kingdom
Tun
Hassan
B.S.M
r. 1748–1770
Tun
Abdul Jamal

T.P.R
r. 1757–1802
Tun
Abdul Majid

B.P.R
(1)
r. 1770–1802
Tun
Muhammad

B.S.M
(2)
r. 1802–1803
Tun
Koris

B.P.R
(3)
r. 1803–1806
Tun Ali
B.S.M
(4)
r. 1806–1847
Pahang
Sultanate
Tun Mutahir
B.S.M
(5)
r. 1847–1863
Ahmad
B.S.M
(6)
r. 1863–1881
Sultan
(1)
r. 1881–1914
Mahmud
(2)
r. 1914–1917
Abdullah
(3)
r. 1917–1932
Tengku
Muhammad
Tengku Panglima
Perang
Abu Bakar
(4)
r. 1932–1974
Ahmad
(5)
r. 1974-2019
YDP Agong VII
r. 1979–1984
Tengku Afzan
Tengku Ampuan
r. 1974–1988
Raja Permaisuri Agong VII
r. 1979–1984
House of
Temenggong
Abdullah
(6)
r. 2019–present
YDP Agong XVI
r. 2019-2024
Tunku Azizah
Aminah
Maimunah
Iskandariah

Tengku Ampuan
r. 2019–present
Raja Permaisuri Agong XVI
r. 2019-2024
Tengku Hassanal Ibrahim
Alam Shah

Tengku Mahkota

Related Research Articles

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Tun Habib Abdul Majid bin Tun Ali bin Tun Muhammad was the 19th Bendahara of the Johor Sultanate during the late 17th century. The Johor Sultanate under Sultan Mahmud Shah II saw a gradual decline of royal authority during Tun Habib's tenure as the Bendahara of Johor. Internal challenges within the Sultanate faced by Tun Habib consolidated his power as the Bendahara, in which case the Bendahara monopolised legitimate authority over the Johor Sultanate by the 1690s. After his death, Tun Habib's descendants spanned throughout the Johor Sultanate and established ruling houses in Riau-Lingga, Johor, Pahang and Terengganu.

Sultan Muhammad Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Mansur Shah (1455–1475) was the founder of the old Pahang Sultanate who reigned from 1470 to 1475. A former heir apparent to the Melaka throne, he was banished by his father Mansur Shah for committing murder, following an incident in a Sepak Raga game and went into exile in Pahang, later installed as its first Sultan in 1470.

Sultan Abdul Jamil Shah I ibni Almarhum Sultan Muhammad Shah was the third Sultan of Pahang who reigned from 1495 to 1512. He was installed by Sultan Mahmud of Melaka in 1495 following the abdication of his uncle, Ahmad Shah I. Earlier, his cousin and son of Ahmad Shah, Mansur Shah succeeded his father at young age. Abdul Jamil took the responsibility as a regent and exercised greater authority in the government. He reigned jointly with Mansur Shah until his death in 1512.

Sultan Mansur Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Ahmad Shah I was the fourth Sultan of Pahang who reigned from 1495 to 1519. He succeeded on the abdication of his father, Ahmad Shah I in 1495, and reigned jointly with his cousin, Abdul Jamil Shah I. He only assumed full control after the death of the latter in 1512.

Sultan Zainal Abidin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Shah was the seventh Sultan of Pahang who reigned from 1540 to 1555. He succeeded on the death of his elder brother in 1540.

Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Ghafur Muhiuddin Shah was the 13th Sultan of Pahang who reigned from 1614 to 1615. He seized the throne after killing his father, Abdul Ghafur Muhiuddin Shah and elder brother, the heir apparent Raja Abdullah. His name is identified based on the discovery of a treaty with his seal attached, in the Portuguese National Archives in Lisbon.

Paduka Sri Sultan Ibrahim Shah Zilu'llah fil'Alam Khalifat ul-Muminin ibni al-Marhum Yam Tuan Muda Raja Bajau was the Sultan of Johor from House of Melaka who reigned from 1677 to 1685. He was the only known son of Yamtuan Muda of Pahang, Raja Bajau and succeeded on the death of his cousin, Abdul Jalil Shah III as sultan of Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga.

Paduka Sri Sultan ‘Abdu’l Jalil IV Ri’ayat Shah Zillu’llah fi al-’Alam bin Dato’ Bendahara Sri Maharaja Tun Habib Abdul Majid was the Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Johor and Pahang and their dependencies, who reigned from 1699 to 1718.

Mahmud Ri’ayat Shah Zilu’llah fil’Alam Khalifat ul-Muminin ibni al-Marhum Sultan ‘Abdu’l Jalil Shah was the 17th Sultan of Johor and Johor's dependencies who reigned from 1770 to 1811.

Sri Paduka Dato' Bendahara Sri Maharaja Tun Ali ibni Almarhum Dato' Bendahara Paduka Raja Tun Koris was the 23rd and the last Bendahara of Johor Sultanate, and the fourth Raja Bendahara of the Pahang Kingdom who reigned from 1806 to 1857.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pahang Sultanate</span> Old sultanate of Pahang, Malaysia

The Pahang Sultanate also referred as the Old Pahang Sultanate, as opposed to the Modern Pahang Sultanate, was a Malay Muslim state established in the eastern Malay peninsula in 15th century. At the height of its influence, the Sultanate was an important power in Southeast Asian history and controlled the entire Pahang basin, bordering to the north, the Pattani Sultanate, and adjoined to that of Johor Sultanate to the south. To the west, it also extended jurisdiction over part of modern-day Selangor and Negeri Sembilan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pahang Kingdom</span> Malay state from 1770 to 1881

The Pahang Kingdom was a Malay state that existed from 1770 to 1881, and is the immediate predecessor of the modern Malaysian state of Pahang. The kingdom came into existence with the consolidation of power by the Bendahara family in Pahang, following the gradual dismemberment of Johor Empire. A self rule was established in Pahang in the late 18th century, with Tun Abdul Majid declared as the first Raja Bendahara. The area around Pahang formed a part of the hereditary domains attached to this title and administered directly by the Raja Bendahara. The weakening of the Johor sultanate and the disputed succession to the throne was matched by an increasing independence of the great territorial magnates; the Bendahara in Pahang, the Temenggong in Johor and Singapore, and the Yamtuan Muda in Riau.

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The Bendahara dynasty is the current ruling dynasty of Pahang, Terengganu and Johor Sultanate, a constituent state of Malaysia. The royal house were of noble origin, holding the hereditary position of Bendahara in the courts of Singapura, Melaka and Old Johor since at least from the end of the 13th century.

Raja Bendahara is a Malay title of monarch ruler in Pahang Kingdom that existed from 1770 to 1881. The title is a combination of the Sanskrit word Raja ('king') and 'Bendahara'. The successive Bendaharas of Johor Empire were ruling Pahang as a fief from the late 17th century. By the end of 18th century, the Bendahara emerged as an absolute ruler over the fief, carrying the title 'Raja', following the decentralisation of Sultan's power and the dismemberment of the empire.

Orang Kaya Indera Pahlawan is a nobility title in Pahang Sultanate and one of the four highest ranking nobles below the monarch. The title traces its origin from the times of the Old Pahang Sultanate, and was historically known as Maharaja Indera Pahlawan. The territory under his jurisdiction is Chenor, and land between the Bera and Kuala Luit.

Orang Kaya Indera Segara is a nobility title in Pahang Sultanate and one of the four highest-ranking nobles below the monarch. The title traces its origin from the times of the Old Pahang Sultanate, and was historically known as Maharaja Indera Putera. The traditional pegangan ('fief') of the nobility is Temerloh, as well as the entire land between the Triang river basin to the borders of Selangor and Rembau in Negeri Sembilan.

Orang Kaya Indera Perba Jelai is a nobility title in Pahang Sultanate and one of the four highest ranking nobles below the monarch. The title traces its origin from the times of the Old Pahang Sultanate, and was historically known as Seri Maharaja Perba. The traditional pegangan ('fief') of the nobility is the land from Tanjung Lindung, the entire Jelai River basin, to the borders of Perak and Kelantan, excluding the Tembeling. It is the largest fief in size and the farthest in distance from the royal court in Pekan, thus making the Maharaja Perba the most powerful among the four major chiefs.

Few traces remain as to the identity of Terengganu's early rulers. Whats is known is that a trading port was established from as early as the 13th century. Terengganu Inscription Stone attests to the 14th century's first muslim ruler of the state, Raja Mandalika, from the Telanai dynasty. In the late 15th century, the Telanai dynasty came to an end when a Pahang Hulubalang, Sri Akar Diraja, killed Tun Telanai for offending Sultan Ahmad of Pahang. It is believed that Terengganu was later ruled by Sri Akar Diraja's family, before they were eventually replaced by the Megat family.

References

  1. Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011, p. 80
  2. Linehan 1973, p. 170
  3. Linehan 1973, p. 170
  4. Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011, p. 80
  5. Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011, p. 80
  6. Linehan 1973, p. 19
  7. Linehan 1973 , p. 52
  8. Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011 , p. 82
  1. Ruler of Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga
  2. Yamtuan Muda of Pahang ('Regent of Pahang'), within Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga empire
  3. Ruler of Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga
  4. Ruler of Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga
  5. Ruler of Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga

Bibliography