Gary Johnson 2012 presidential campaign

Last updated
Gary Johnson 2012
GaryJohnson2012.gif
Campaign 2012 United States presidential election
Candidate Gary Johnson
Former Governor of New Mexico
(1995–2003)
Jim Gray
Former judge
Affiliation Libertarian Party (formerly Republican Party)
Headquarters Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.
Key people Jim Gray (Running mate)
Ron Nielson (Senior Advisor) [1] [2]
Receipts US$2,553,878 [3] (Nov. 26, 2012)
SloganThe People's President
Live Free
Website
Gary Johnson 2012

The 2012 presidential campaign of Gary Johnson, the 29th governor of New Mexico, was announced on April 21, 2011. He declared his candidacy for the 2012 Republican Party nomination for President of the United States. On December 28, 2011, Johnson withdrew his candidacy for the Republican nomination, and declared his candidacy for the 2012 presidential nomination of the Libertarian Party. The 2012 Libertarian National Convention was held during the first weekend of May 2012. On May 5, 2012, after promoting his libertarian-oriented political positions to delegates, Johnson received the most votes at the convention and became the official 2012 Libertarian presidential nominee. On November 6, 2012, Johnson received just under 1% of the popular vote in the general election, amounting to more than 1.2 million votes, more than double what the Barr/Root ticket received in 2008. This was the most successful result for a third-party presidential candidacy since 2000, and the best in the Libertarian Party's history by vote number at the time. [4] [5] Johnson ran again in 2016 and received nearly four times his 2012 vote total.

Contents

Background

Johnson initially indicated interest in running for president in the 2012 election in 2009. [6] [7] In October of that year, he founded the Our America Initiative, a 501(c)(4) "nonprofit political advocacy committee that promotes common-sense business approaches to governing." The stated focus of the organization was to "...speak out on issues regarding topics such as government efficiency, lowering taxes, ending the war on drugs, protecting civil liberties, revitalizing the economy and promoting entrepreneurship and privatization." [8] The move prompted speculation among media pundits and Johnson's supporters as to whether he was laying the groundwork for a 2012 presidential run. [9] [10] [11]

In December 2009, Johnson hired strategist Ron Nielson of NSON Opinion Strategy to organize the committee. Nielson has worked with Johnson since 1993 when he ran his successful gubernatorial campaign. [12]

Throughout 2010, Johnson repeatedly deflected questions regarding his potential presidential candidacy by explaining that his 501(c)(4) status forbade him from expressing a desire to run for federal office. [13] [14] [15]

In February 2011, Johnson was a featured speaker at both the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) and the Republican Liberty Caucus. [16] Johnson tied with New Jersey governor Chris Christie for third in the CPAC Straw Poll, trailing only Ron Paul and Mitt Romney. In that poll, he placed ahead of such notables as former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich, former Minnesota governor Tim Pawlenty, Indiana governor Mitch Daniels and former Alaska governor and 2008 vice presidential candidate Sarah Palin. [17] David Weigel of Slate called Johnson the second-biggest winner of the conference, writing that his "third-place showing in the straw poll gave Johnson his first real media hook ... He met tons of reporters, commanded a small scrum after the vote, and is a slightly lighter shade of dark horse now." [18]

Campaign developments

Announcement

On April 21, 2011 Johnson officially announced via Twitter that he was running for president. [19] He followed this announcement with a speech at the New Hampshire State House in Concord, New Hampshire. [20]

Johnson focused the majority of his Republican campaign activities on the New Hampshire primary. [21]

Campaign staff

Johnson chose Ron Nielson of NSON Opinion Strategy, the director of both of his two New Mexico gubernatorial campaigns, as his presidential campaign manager and senior advisor. [21] His campaign was run from Salt Lake City, Utah, where Nielson's offices are located. [21] Johnson's economics advisor was Harvard economics professor Jeffrey Miron. [2]

Republican debates

Governor Johnson visits Occupy-Protesters in Zuccotti Park, October 18, 2011 Gary Johnson visits Zuccotti Park1.JPG
Governor Johnson visits Occupy-Protesters in Zuccotti Park, October 18, 2011

Johnson participated in the first of the Republican presidential debates, hosted by Fox News in South Carolina on May 5, 2011, appearing on stage with Herman Cain, Ron Paul, Tim Pawlenty, and Rick Santorum. Mitt Romney and Michele Bachmann both declined to debate.

Johnson was excluded from the next three debates on June 13 (hosted by CNN in New Hampshire), August 11 (hosted by Fox News in Iowa), and September 7 (hosted by CNN in California). [21] After the first exclusion, Johnson made a 43-minute video responding to each of the debate questions, which he posted on YouTube. [21] [22] The first exclusion, which was widely publicized, gave Johnson "a little bump" in name recognition and an increase in small donations for a few days. [21] Not being in the debate caused serious long-term problems for the campaign as it became difficult to raise money from donors, Johnson's name being pulled from polls and few opportunities from the media to respond to events. [21] For the financial quarter ending June 30, Johnson raised a mere $180,000. [21] Johnson still managed to poll higher two weeks prior to the September 7th debate than Rick Santorum or Jon Huntsman, who were invited to that debate while Johnson was not. [21]

Then, on September 21, Fox News decided that because Johnson polled at least 2% in five recent polls, he could participate in a September 23 debate in Florida, which it co-hosted with the Florida Republican Party (the party objected to Johnson's inclusion). [21] Johnson participated, appearing on stage with Michele Bachmann, Herman Cain, Newt Gingrich, Jon Huntsman, Ron Paul, Rick Perry, Mitt Romney, and Rick Santorum. During the debate, Johnson delivered what many media outlets, including the Los Angeles Times , and Time , called the best line of the night: "My next-door neighbor's two dogs have created more shovel ready jobs than this current administration." [23] [24] Entertainment Weekly opined that Johnson had won the debate. [25]

Switch to Libertarian Party

On November 29, 2011, Johnson confirmed reports that he was ending all campaign activities for the New Hampshire primary, citing his inability to gain any traction with the primary's likely voters. Stated Johnson: "It's not happening in New Hampshire. We rode bikes 500 miles across the state, we scheduled town halls – for whatever reason, nobody's really coming out to hear what it is I have to say." [26] Johnson confirmed reports that he was considering a run on the Libertarian Party (LP) ticket. [27] Libertarian Party officials reported that Johnson would make an announcement on his political future on December 28, 2011; Politico reported it was expected that he would drop his bid for the Republican nomination and seek the Libertarian nomination instead. [28]

On December 28, 2011, Johnson announced at press conference in Santa Fe, New Mexico that he had withdrawn his candidacy for the Republican presidential nomination, and officially declared his candidacy for the 2012 Libertarian Party presidential nomination. [29] [30] During the announcement, Johnson stated, "I'm a Libertarian in belief. I successfully governed as a Libertarian in everything but the name, and I am running for president as a Libertarian." [30] Johnson was quickly identified as the early front-runner for the party's nomination and polled more than seventy percent of votes cast in the California Libertarian Party's straw poll on March 3, 2012. [31]

On April 30, 2012 Johnson formally endorsed retired California Superior Court judge Jim Gray as his choice for running mate on the LP ticket in anticipation of receiving the nomination at the 2012 Libertarian National Convention in May 2012. [32]

Gary Johnson during presidential nomination debate at Libertarian Party convention. GaryJohnsonLPConvention2012.jpg
Gary Johnson during presidential nomination debate at Libertarian Party convention.

Nomination

On May 5, 2012, at the Libertarian National Convention, Johnson received the Libertarian Party's official nomination for President of the United States by a vote of 419 votes to 152 votes for second-place candidate Lee Wrights. [33] Following his nomination, Johnson asked the convention's delegates to nominate as his vice-presidential running-mate Judge Jim Gray of California. Gray won the vice-presidential nomination on the first ballot. [34]

Ballot access

Gary Johnson: .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} Ballot access Write-in access Ballot access of Gary Johnson in the 2012 US presidential election.svg
Gary Johnson:
  Ballot access
  Write-in access

Although there were numerous challenges to Johnson's ballot access, the Libertarian Party confirmed that Johnson received ballot access in 48 states and Washington D.C.. The Libertarian Party was able to achieve write-in vote status in Michigan, [35] with Oklahoma the only state to not include Johnson at all. [36]

Johnson faced resistance from Republicans over the matter of whether or not Johnson would appear on several state ballots. [37] In some states, such as Pennsylvania, where Johnson had more than the officially required number of signatures necessary for the Libertarian Party candidate to appear on the ballot, the validity of the signatures was contested by Republicans. [38] In Iowa, a lawsuit was filed suing the Iowa Secretary of State, Matt Schultz, to remove Johnson from the ballot; the suit said that a reason for fighting Johnson’s appearance on the ballot was that Johnson would cause "irreparable harm to other candidates and political parties who must compete against him," and that his appearance would cause "irreparable injury to the voting public because it could improperly impact the election." [39]

When speaking of Johnson’s chances of making the ballot in the three states that had not up to that point agreed to include Johnson, Richard Winger, editor of Ballot Access News , said that "Pennsylvania is likely, Michigan a maybe, Oklahoma almost impossible." [40] On October 10, the Libertarian Party declared success in Pennsylvania. [41]

By October Johnson was confirmed to be on the ballot in 48 states and in the District of Columbia, with only Michigan and Oklahoma still in litigation in regards to his ballot access. [36] In the end Johnson received write-in status in Michigan, [42] but was completely excluded from the Oklahoma ballot. [43]

Polls

National

10–13 July 2012, JZ Analytics: Barack Obama 43.6%, Mitt Romney 38.0%, Gary Johnson 5.3%, not sure 13.1% [44]

August 2012, Rasmussen Reports poll includes Johnson for the first time. One in ten likely voters are familiar with him and 1 percent intends to vote for him. [45] [46]

September 2012, CNN poll includes Johnson. 4% of registered voters say that they would vote for him. [47] [48]

November 1, 2012 CNN poll includes Johnson. 5.1% of 796 likely voters indicated that they would vote for Gary Johnson. [49]

Debates

Johnson and Green Party presidential nominee Jill Stein sued the Commission on Presidential Debates, the Republican National Committee and the Democratic National Committee, alleging that the Commission's failure to extend them an invitation to the 2012 violated the Sherman Antitrust Act and the First Amendment. [50] [51] Johnson and Stein's suit was dismissed by the federal courts; the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit ruled in 2017 that the two candidates lacked a valid legal claim or a cognizable injury. [51] [52]

Relationship with Ron Paul's campaign

Initially, Johnson hoped Ron Paul would not run for president so that Johnson could galvanize from Paul's network of libertarian-minded voters. [21] Johnson even traveled to Houston to tell Paul of his decision to run in person. [21] But Paul announced his own candidacy on May 13, 2011. [53]

Following Paul’s failure to receive the Republican nomination, Johnson actively sought, and, to at least some level, received the support of Paul's libertarian minded supporters for his own campaign. [54] Paul himself did not officially endorse anybody, [55] though in an October 2012 interview Paul hinted, but did not confirm that he was planning on voting for Johnson. [56]

Campaign financial data

The Johnson-Gray campaign raised $2,553,878 with 87% from private donations and 13% from federal funds. No money was raised from any PACs. [57] In comparison, Barack Obama's campaign raised over $632,000,000 (spending almost $541,000,000) [58] and Mitt Romney's campaign raised over $389,000,000 (spending over $336,000,000). [59]

 Total Raised ($)Total Spent ($)Cash on Hand ($)Debts ($)
2012$2,553,878$2,507,763$2,943$197,002

Results

Johnson finished with 1,247,923 votes, [60] which at that time was an all-time Libertarian Party record in terms of raw total. He received 0.99% of the popular vote, which was then the party's second-best showing ever in vote percentage in a presidential election, behind that of Ed Clark in 1980. [61] [62] In his home state of New Mexico, Johnson received 3.6% of the vote. [63]

National popular vote
Obama (winner)
 
51.1%
Romney
 
47.2%
Johnson
 
1.0%
Stein
 
0.4%
Others
 
0.4%

Endorsements

List of Gary Johnson endorsements

Endorsements as a Republican candidate

Endorsements as a Libertarian candidate [69]

Libertarian Party members
  • Bill Redpath, treasurer and immediate past chair, Libertarian National Committee
  • Guy McLendon, member of 2006/2008/2010 LP National Platform Committees
  • Jake Porter, Former Region 6 alternate-Libertarian National Committee member (2008–2010)
  • John "J" Mills, past chairman of The Libertarian Party of Washington State
  • Karen Green, vice chair, McLean County Libertarian Party
  • Jason Sharp, Libertarian candidate Indiana 7th Congressional District
  • Alexander L. George, vice-chairman, Libertarian Party of Polk County, Florida
  • Randy Eshelman, at-large representative to the Libertarian National Committee
  • Adrian Wyllie, chairman, Libertarian Party of Florida
  • Rob Power, chairman, current treasurer and former chairman (2004–2010) of Outright Libertarians, former LP National Platform Committee member, former LP of California executive committee member, former chairman of the Libertarian Party of San Francisco
  • Scotty Boman, U.S. Senate candidate [85]
  • Jo Jorgensen, academic; Libertarian nominee for vice president in 1996; Libertarian nominee for U.S. Representative from SC-04 in 1992 [86]
State Libertarian Parties
Academics
Activists
  • Brandon Immel, editor of Lemon Global, director of Ohio-based protest organization group Pro-(1)ne, and candidate for Ohio's 98th District state representative in 2014 [87]
Newspapers

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ron Paul</span> American politician (born 1935)

Ronald Ernest Paul is an American author, activist, physician and retired politician who served as the U.S. representative for Texas's 22nd congressional district from 1976 to 1977 and again from 1979 to 1985, as well as for Texas's 14th congressional district from 1997 to 2013. On three occasions, he sought the presidency of the United States: as the Libertarian Party nominee in 1988 and as a candidate for the Republican Party in 2008 and 2012.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gary Johnson</span> Governor of New Mexico from 1995 to 2003

Gary Earl Johnson is an American businessman and politician who served as the 29th governor of New Mexico from 1995 to 2003 as a member of the Republican Party. He has been a member of the Libertarian Party since 2011 and was the party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2012 and 2016 elections. He was also the Libertarian nominee in the 2018 U.S. Senate election in New Mexico.

The following is a timeline of major events leading up to and immediately following the United States presidential election of 2008. The election was the 56th quadrennial United States presidential election. It was held on November 4, 2008, but its significant events and background date back to about 2002. The Democratic Party nominee, Senator Barack Obama of Illinois, defeated the Republican Party's nominee, Senator John McCain of Arizona.

In early 2007, Ron Paul, a congressman from Texas, announced his candidacy for the Republican Party's nomination for president of the United States in the 2008 election. Initial opinion polls during the first three quarters of 2007 showed him consistently receiving support from 3% or less of those polled. In 2008, Paul's support among Republican voters remained in the single digits, and well behind front-runner John McCain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bob Barr 2008 presidential campaign</span> American presidential campaign

The 2008 presidential campaign of Bob Barr, former Congressman of Georgia began on May 12, 2008. He announced his candidacy for the Libertarian Party's president after months of grassroots draft efforts. Barr was criticized by Libertarians who opposed his efforts in Congress, which included sponsorship of the Defense of Marriage Act and votes in favor of the USA PATRIOT Act and authorization of the War in Iraq, but he was supported by others who accepted his regret for those positions. Barr won the party's nomination after six rounds of balloting at the 2008 Libertarian Party National Convention. Former contender Wayne Allyn Root was named as his running mate. Reason magazine senior editor Radley Balko called Barr "the first serious candidate the LP has run since I've been eligible to vote."

The Libertarian Party of the United States was formed in Colorado Springs in the home of Luke Zell by a group of individuals led by David Nolan on December 11, 1971, after several months of debate among members of the Committee to Form a Libertarian Party, founded July 17. The formation was prompted in part by price controls and the end of the Gold Standard implemented by President Richard Nixon. The Libertarian Party viewed the dominant Republican and Democratic parties as having diverged from what they viewed as the libertarian principles of the American Founding Fathers. This group included John Hospers, Edward Crane, Manuel Klausner, Murray Rothbard, Roy Childs, D. Frank Robinson, Theodora (Tonie) Nathan, and Jim Dean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 United States presidential election</span> 57th quadrennial U.S. presidential election

The 2012 United States presidential election was the 57th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012. Incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, incumbent Vice President Joe Biden, were elected to a second term. They defeated the Republican ticket of former Governor of Massachusetts Mitt Romney and U.S. Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin.

The following is a timeline of major events leading up to the United States presidential election of 2012. The election was the 57th quadrennial United States presidential election held on November 6, 2012.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Republican Party presidential primaries</span>

Voters of the Republican Party elected state delegations to the 2012 Republican National Convention in presidential primaries. The national convention then selected its nominee to run for President of the United States in the 2012 presidential election. There were 2,286 delegates chosen, and a candidate needed to accumulate 1,144 delegate votes at the convention to win the nomination. The caucuses allocated delegates to the respective state delegations to the national convention, but the actual election of the delegates were, many times, at a later date. Delegates were elected in different ways that vary from state to state. They could be elected at local conventions, selected from slates submitted by the candidates, selected at committee meetings, or elected directly at the caucuses and primaries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Republican Party presidential candidates</span>

This article contains lists of notable candidates for the United States Republican Party's 2012 presidential nomination.

This article contains lists of official third-party and independent candidates associated with the 2012 United States presidential election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ron Paul 1988 presidential campaign</span>

The Ron Paul presidential campaign of 1988 began in early 1987 when former Congressman Ron Paul of Texas announced his candidacy for the 1988 presidential nomination of the Libertarian Party. He joined the third party after leaving the Republican Party over the Reagan administration's handling of the federal budget. He ran on a platform that included non-interventionism in foreign conflicts, decriminalization of illegal drugs on a federal level, a return to the gold standard, the abolition of the Federal Reserve and a reduction in all government spending.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Draft Ron Paul movement</span> Efforts to convince Ron Paul to run for a particular office

The Draft Ron Paul movement refers to any of several grassroots efforts to convince United States Congressman Ron Paul of Texas to run for particular office, often president of the United States, as in the 2008 and 2012 elections.

From 2011 to 2012, Ron Paul, a U.S. representative from Texas, unsuccessfully ran for the 2012 Republican Party nomination for the president of the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 United States presidential election in Nevada</span>

The 2012 United States presidential election in Nevada took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 United States presidential election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. State voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan.

The Virgil Goode presidential campaign of 2012 began when former U.S. Congressman Virgil Goode of Virginia announced his decision to seek the 2012 presidential nomination of the Constitution Party in February 2012. During the nomination campaign, he put forth a four-point plank that included his plans to restrict immigration, balance the federal budget, decrease the size of government, and institute congressional term limits.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2016 Libertarian National Convention</span>

The 2016 Libertarian National Convention was the gathering at which delegates of the Libertarian Party chose the party's nominees for president and vice president in the 2016 national election. The party selected Gary Johnson, a former Governor of New Mexico, as its presidential candidate, with Bill Weld, a former Governor of Massachusetts as his running mate. The convention was held from May 26–30, 2016, in Orlando, Florida.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gary Johnson 2016 presidential campaign</span> Political campaign

The 2016 presidential campaign of Gary Johnson, the 29th Governor of New Mexico, was announced on January 6, 2016, for the nomination of the Libertarian Party for President of the United States. He officially won the nomination on May 29, 2016, at the Libertarian National Convention in Orlando, Florida, receiving 56% of the vote on the second ballot. Former Massachusetts Governor William Weld was endorsed by Johnson for the Libertarian vice-presidential nomination, which he also received on May 29, 2016.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2016 Libertarian Party presidential primaries</span>

The 2016 Libertarian Party presidential primaries and caucuses allowed electors to indicate non-binding preferences for the Libertarian Party's presidential candidate. These differed from the Republican or Democratic presidential primaries and caucuses in that they did not appoint delegates to represent a candidate at the party's convention to select the party's nominee for the United States presidential election. The party's nominee for the 2016 presidential election was chosen directly by registered delegates at the 2016 Libertarian National Convention, which ran from May 26 to 30, 2016. The delegates nominated former New Mexico governor Gary Johnson for president and former Massachusetts governor Bill Weld for vice president.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 Libertarian Party presidential primaries</span>

The 2020 Libertarian Party presidential primaries and caucuses were a series of electoral contests to indicate non-binding preferences for the Libertarian Party's presidential candidate in the 2020 United States presidential election. These differed from the Republican or Democratic presidential primaries and caucuses in that they do not appoint delegates to represent a candidate at the party's convention to select the party's presidential nominee.

References

  1. ↑ "Talent and Organization - Building Towards the General Election". P2012.org. Archived from the original on 2011-10-20. Retrieved 2012-07-02.
  2. 1 2 "Gary Johnson : Pictures, Videos, Breaking News". Politico.Com. 1953-01-01. Retrieved 2012-07-02.
  3. ↑ Gary Johnson campaign, Opensecrets.org (Apr. 19, 2015)
  4. ↑ Tuccile, J.D. (November 7, 2012). "Gary Johnson Pulls One Million Votes, One Percent". Reason.com . Retrieved November 7, 2012.
  5. ↑ "Libertarian Party buoyant; Greens hopeful". United Press International. Retrieved 2012-11-09.
  6. ↑ Bill Kauffman (21 April 2009). "The Republic Strikes Back". The American Conservative . Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  7. ↑ 24 Hour Newsroom (27 October 2009). "Ex-Gov Mulls Presidential Bid". 770 KKOB AM. Archived from the original on July 7, 2011. Retrieved April 21, 2011.{{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  8. ↑ "Information from the official website for the Our America Initiative". Ouramericainitiative.com. Archived from the original on 2011-04-29. Retrieved 2012-07-02.
  9. ↑ Steve Terrell (October 26, 2009) "Group wants Johnson on presidential ballot" Archived 2012-09-08 at archive.today , Santa Fe New Mexican. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  10. ↑ Gadi Schwartz (5 November 2009). "Supporters call for former Gov. Johnson to run for president". KOB News 4. Archived from the original on January 9, 2010. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  11. ↑ Marciello, Alex (2011-02-25) Former NM governor talks politics, The Daily News of Newburyport . Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  12. ↑ Key People – Former Gov. Gary Johnson OUR America Initiative, Salt Lake City, UT Archived 2011-04-16 at the Wayback Machine , p2012.org. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  13. ↑ (May 10, 2010) "Controversial Republican Eyeing White House?" The Sean Hannity Show. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  14. ↑ (May 20, 2010)"A Name to Remember in '12" Orange County Register. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  15. ↑ Wallsten, Peter (August 9, 2010) "Washington Wire Q & A: Gary Johnson", Wall Street Journal . Retrieved April 21, 2010.
  16. ↑ Good, Chris (2011-02-11) "Is Gary Johnson the Next Ron Paul?", The Atlantic . Retrieved April 22, 2011.
  17. ↑ Falcone, Michael (2011-02-12) Ron Paul Wins 2011 CPAC Straw Poll, Sarah Palin Finishes a Distant 9th Place Archived 2013-01-30 at the Wayback Machine , ABC News . Retrieved April 22, 2011.
  18. ↑ Weigel, David (2011-02-14) "Who Won CPAC?" Archived 2018-09-13 at the Wayback Machine , Slate . Retrieved April 22, 2011.
  19. ↑ Sahil Kapur (2011-04-21) "Pro-pot, anti-war Republican Gary Johnson running for president Archived 2012-03-15 at the Wayback Machine ", Raw Story . Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  20. ↑ Marr, Kendra (April 21, 2011). "Gary Johnson makes 2012 presidential run official". Politico . Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Lisa DePaulo (November 2011). "Is This the Sanest Man Running for President?". GQ. Condé Nast.
  22. ↑ Conor Friesdorf (June 15, 2011). "Gary Johnson Crashes the N.H. Republican Debate". The Atlantic. The Atlantic Monthly Group.
  23. ↑ Michael Muskal (September 23, 2011). "Gary Johnson cleaning up with his dog poop quip". Los Angeles times.
  24. ↑ Michael Scherer (September 23, 2011). "What You Missed While Not Watching the Fox News/Google Debate". Time. Time Inc.
  25. ↑ Jeff Labrecque (September 23, 2011). "Gary Johnson and neighbor's two dogs win Republican presidential debate". Entertainment Weekly. Entertainment Weekly.
  26. ↑ Fortier, Marc (2011-11-29). "Gary Johnson throws in the towel". Amherst.patch.com. Archived from the original on 2012-06-15. Retrieved 2012-07-02.
  27. ↑ "Johnson may run for US President as a Libertarian". Digitaljournal.com. 2011-11-29. Retrieved 2012-07-02.
  28. ↑ Epstein, Reid (December 20, 2011). Gary Johnson to drop out of GOP primary to run as Libertarian. The Politico. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  29. ↑ "Gary Johnson makes switch to Libertarian Party official". New Hampshire Union Leader . December 28, 2011. Archived from the original on January 5, 2012. Retrieved December 28, 2011.
  30. 1 2 Stewart, Rebecca (December 28, 2011). "'Liberated' Gary Johnson seeks Libertarian nomination". CNN. Archived from the original on August 17, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2011.
  31. ↑ "Gov. Gary Johnson Wins Convention Straw Poll". ca.lp.org. Archived from the original on 2012-05-14. Retrieved 2012-07-02.
  32. ↑ Quinn, Garrett (April 30, 2012). "Gary Johnson Wants Jim Gray As His VP". Reason Online . Retrieved May 1, 2012.
  33. ↑ Cristina Silva (May 5, 2012). "Gary Johnson Wins 2012 Libertarian Nomination". Huffington Post . Retrieved August 3, 2013.
  34. ↑ Riggs, Mike (May 5, 2012). "Judge Jim Gray Is the 2012 Libertarian Party Vice Presidential Nominee". Reason Online . Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  35. ↑ Reason: Michigan Will Count Write-In Votes for Gary Johnson.
  36. 1 2 "Libertarian Party – 2012 Ballot Access". Archived from the original on 2012-10-25. Retrieved 2012-08-31.
  37. ↑ Rutenberg, Jim (October 14, 2012). "Spoiler Alert! G.O.P. Fighting Libertarian's Spot on the Ballot". New York Times. Retrieved August 4, 2013.
  38. ↑ Daniels, Melissa (6 September 2012). "PA: Details muddy validity of signatures in Johnson ballot challenge". watchdog.org. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
  39. ↑ Mazza, Gloria; Montgomery, Dean (30 August 2012). "Emergency Motion For Temporary Injunction And Motion For Exedited Relief" (PDF). Retrieved 16 September 2012.
  40. ↑ Boudway, Ira (20 September 2012). "Spoiler Alert: Meet Gary Johnson, Libertarian". Business Week. Archived from the original on September 23, 2012.
  41. ↑ "Libertarians Prevail Against 9-Week Republican Attack on Ballot Access in PA". 12 October 2012.
  42. ↑ Winger, Richard (September 20, 2012) "Michigan Will Canvass Gary Johnson Write-in Votes", Ballot Access News . Retrieved October 15, 2012
  43. ↑ "Independent Voter Network Presidential Debate, at 25:00". YouTube . 18 October 2012.
  44. ↑ "Nationwide Interactive Likely Voters Poll" (PDF). JZ Analytics. Retrieved 17 July 2012.
  45. ↑ Garrett Quinn, "Gary Johnson Included In New Rasmussen Poll; Campaign Pleased", Reason, Aug. 26, 2012.
  46. ↑ Kenneth T. Walsh, "Libertarian Candidate Gary Johnson Happy With His Campaign"0, US News , August 27, 2012.
  47. ↑ Spoiler alert: Poll finds small following for Libertarian candidate, CNN Political Ticker, September 10, 2012
  48. ↑ CNN/ORC poll, September 10, 2012
  49. ↑ "Poll Watch: CNN/ORC Ohio 2012 Presidential Survey". The Argo Journal. 2 November 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  50. ↑ Morgan Little, Lawsuit highlights difficulty of third-party involvement in debates, Los Angeles Times (September 27, 2012).
  51. 1 2 Megan R. Wilson, Court: Excluding outside parties from presidential debates does not violate First Amendment, The Hill (August 29, 2017).
  52. ↑ Johnson v. Commission on Presidential Debates , 869 F.3d 976 (D.C. Cir. 2017).
  53. ↑ Steinhauser, Paul (May 13, 2011). "Rep. Ron Paul announces candidacy for president". CNN. Archived from the original on September 22, 2016. Retrieved March 14, 2013.
  54. ↑ Gizzi, John (August 26, 2012). "Gary Johnson Woos Paul Supporters". Human Events . Retrieved March 14, 2013.
  55. ↑ Weinger, Mackenzie (August 28, 2012). "Ron Paul: I'm an 'undecided' voter". Politico. Retrieved March 14, 2013.
  56. ↑ Gray, Rosie (October 5, 2012). "Ron Paul Suggests He'll Vote For Gary Johnson". BuzzFeed. Retrieved March 14, 2013.
  57. ↑ Gary Johnson campaign Opensecrets.org (Oct. 17, 2012) accessed November 20, 2012
  58. ↑ Barack Obama campaign Opensecrets.org (Oct. 17, 2012) accessed November 20, 2012
  59. ↑ Mitt Romney campaign Opensecrets.org (Oct. 17, 2012) accessed November 20, 2012
  60. ↑ 2012 Presidential General Election Results, Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections
  61. ↑ "Our Campaigns – US President – Popular Vote Race – Nov 06, 2012". www.ourcampaigns.com.
  62. ↑ Leip, David (2012). "2012 Presidential General Election Results". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
  63. ↑ Leip, David (2012). "2012 Presidential General Election Results – New Mexico". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
  64. ↑ "ICYMI: Why this Libertarian is Endorsing Mitt Romney". therealredbarron.com. October 15, 2012. Archived from the original on 2014-02-01. Retrieved 2014-01-30.
  65. ↑ Mikolay, DJ. (September 28, 2011). The Only Republican Who Can Beat Obama. Mikolay.org. Retrieved November 4, 2011.
  66. ↑ Hannan, Daniel. "Meet Gary Johnson, the most libertarian candidate ever to seek the US presidency". blogs.telegraph.co.uk. Archived from the original on 26 September 2011. Retrieved 2 June 2012.
  67. ↑ Three New Hampshire State Reps Endorse Gary Johnson For President Archived 2011-10-06 at the Wayback Machine , Gary Johnson for President Website, October 4, 2011.
  68. ↑ "TeaPot Party endorsements of Republicans". Teapotparty.org. Retrieved 2012-07-02.
  69. ↑ "Gary Johnson 2012 Endorsements". Garyjohnson2012.com. Retrieved 2012-07-02.
  70. ↑ Stone, R (March 8, 2012). Roger Stone endorses Gary Johnson Libertarian Candidate for President. Huffington Post. Retrieved March 8th, 2012
  71. ↑ Friedersdorf, Conor (September 26, 2012). "Why I Refuse to Vote for Barack Obama". The Atlantic.
  72. ↑ "WATCH: Big Boi Explains He Didn't Vote For Obama". HuffPost. January 12, 2013.
  73. ↑ "Gary Johnson vs Ron Paul Write In? - Adam Kokesh (2012-07-23)". youtube. Jul 25, 2012. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
  74. ↑ "Penn Jillette's 2012 pick: Gary Johnson". Politico.Com. 2012-05-21. Retrieved 2012-07-02.
  75. ↑ Martel, Frances (12 June 2012). "Jesse Ventura Tells CNN Morning Crew Why Politicians Should Wear NASCAR Outfits". www.mediaite.com. Retrieved 13 June 2012.
  76. ↑ "What Others Are Saying About Gov. Gary Johnson". Gary Johnson 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  77. ↑ "Libertarian Gary Johnson: Abolish The IRS!!". youtube. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
  78. ↑ Josiah Wampfler (October 1, 2012). "Philip Defranco Comes out In Support of Gary Johnson". Daily Paul. Archived from the original on November 9, 2013. Retrieved May 4, 2013.
  79. ↑ Philip DeFranco (2012). The Lazy, The Liars, and The Misinformed. Youtube. Event occurs at 2:56. Retrieved May 4, 2013.
  80. ↑ Chamberlin, Brett (September 19, 2012). "Yesterday's NYU Libertarian Event Was Sort Of Insane". NYULocal.
  81. ↑ "Napolitano on Gary Johnson". Independent Political Report. 13 July 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2012.
  82. ↑ Napolitano, Andrew (Speaker) (12 July 2012). Judge Andrew Napolitano Wants you to VOTE Gary Johnson 2012. Las Vegas, Nevada. Event occurs at 4:30-5:20. Retrieved 23 September 2012. You have the luxury of choices. You have the most dangerous president since Abraham Lincoln who wants to be reelected. You have a guy who, when he ran for the Senate ran to the left of Ted Kennedy; when he was governor of Massachusetts he governed like he was [inaudible]. Now that he's running for president he claims to be a severe conservative. And you have a lover of liberty by the name of Governor Gary Johnson. You decide.
  83. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Who's Getting Our Votes: Reason Writers' 2012 Presidential Picks". October 10, 2012.
  84. ↑ "Who Will Get Our Votes?". November 2016.
  85. ↑ Governor Johnson, Gary. "Candidates Endorsed by Johnson and Gray (Michigan: Scotty Boman for United States Senate, Michigan)". GaryJohnson2012.com. Archived from the original on November 1, 2012. Retrieved 2016-03-30.
  86. ↑ "LIbertarian Party of Kentucky Presidential Debates: the Finale!". Libertarian Party . May 9, 2020. Event occurs at 51m41s. Retrieved May 16, 2020. I have voted for the Libertarian presidential candidate every time since I voted for Ed Clark in 1980.
  87. ↑ Immel, Brandon (9 June 2012). "Immel Endorses Presidential Candidate Gary Johnson" . Retrieved 20 September 2012.
  88. ↑ Bozarth, Mike (October 17, 2012). "Governor Gary Johnson Best Choice For President". Saint Joseph Telegraph. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
  89. ↑ "Gary Johnson for president". Chattanooga Times Free Press. October 24, 2012. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
  90. ↑ "Our View: Write-in candidate Gary Johnson best choice for president". The Daily Telegram. November 4, 2012. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.