Gokul barrage

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Gokul barrage
Madan Mohan temple, on the Yamuna, Vrindavan, 1789.jpg
Madan Mohan temple on Yamuna.
India Uttar Pradesh location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
CountryIndia
Location Gokul in Mathura district
Coordinates 27°26′35″N77°42′58″E / 27.44306°N 77.71611°E / 27.44306; 77.71611 Coordinates: 27°26′35″N77°42′58″E / 27.44306°N 77.71611°E / 27.44306; 77.71611
StatusFunctional
Opening date2003
Mathura in Ganga-Jamuna Doab, United Provinces 1908. DoabUnitedProvincesIGI1908.jpg
Mathura in Ganga-Jamuna Doab, United Provinces 1908.

The Gokul barrage, also Mathura barrage is a barrage on Yamuna River at Gokul in Mathura district, top of which also serves as the road bridge.

Barrage (dam) type of dam

A barrage is a type of low-head, diversion dam which consists of a number of large gates that can be opened or closed to control the amount of water passing through. This allows the structure to regulate and stabilize river water elevation upstream for use in irrigation and other systems. The gates are set between flanking piers which are responsible for supporting the water load of the pool created. The term barrage is borrowed from the French word "barrer" meaning "to bar".

Gokul Town in Uttar Pradesh, India

Gokul is a historic town and municipality in the Mathura district of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is located 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south-east of Mathura. The Hindu god Krishna is said to have spent his childhood in Gokul.

Mathura district District of Uttar Pradesh in India

Mathura district situated along the banks of the river Yamuna is a district of Uttar Pradesh state of northern India. The historic town of Mathura is the district headquarters. The District is part of Agra division. Mathura is bounded on the northeast by Aligarh District, on the southeast by Hathras District, on the south by Agra District, and on the west by Rajasthan and northwest by Haryana state. Mathura district is an important pilgrimage centre of Hindus. Many towns in the district Mathura have banned alcohol and non-vegetarian food.

Contents

Yamuna has a total of 6 barrages, from north-west to south-east, Dakpathar Barrage (Uttarakhand), Hathni Kund Barrage (172km from Yamunotri origin, replaced the older defunct Tajewala Barrage in Haryana), Wazirabad barrage (244km from Hathnikund to north Delhi), ITO barrage (central Delhi), Okhla barrage (22km from Wazirabad to south Delhi, "New Okhla barrage" is later-era new barrage) and Mathura barrage (at Gokul, Uttar Pradesh). [1] [2] [3] [4]

Dakpathar Barrage dam in Dakpathar

The Dakpathar Barrage is a concrete barrage across the Yamuna River adjacent to Dakpathar in Uttarakhand, India. In a run-of-the-river scheme, the barrage serves to divert water into the East Yamuna Canal for hydroelectric power production at the Dhakrani and Dhalipur Power Plants. The foundation stone for the dam was laid on 23 May 1949 by India's Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. The project was delayed due to funding and both power stations were commissioned in 1965. The barrage is controlled by 25 floodgates and has a length of 516.5 m (1,695 ft).

Hathni Kund Barrage dam in Yamuna Nagar district

The Hathni Kund is a concrete barrage located on the Yamuna River in Yamuna Nagar district of Haryana state, India. It was constructed between October 1996 and June 1999 for the purpose of irrigation. It replaced the Tajewala Barrage 3 km (2 mi) downstream which was constructed in 1873 and is now out of service. The barrage diverts water into the Western and Eastern Yamuna Canals. The small reservoir created by the barrage also serves as a wetland for 31 species of waterbird.

Yamunotri Glacier in Uttarakhand, India

Yamunotri is the source of the Yamuna River and the seat of the Goddess Yamuna in Hinduism. It is situated at an altitude of 3,293 metres (10,804 ft) in the Garhwal Himalayas and located approximately 30 kilometers (19 mi) North of Uttarkashi, the headquarters of the Uttarkashi district in the Garhwal Division of Uttarakhand, India. It is one of the four sites in India's Chhota Char Dham pilgrimage. The sacred shrine of Yamunotri, source of the river Yamuna, is the westernmost shrine in the Garhwal Himalayas, perched atop a flank of Bandar Poonch Parvat. The chief attraction at Yamunotri is the temple devoted to the Goddess Yamuna and the holy thermal springs at Janki Chatti.

History

Gokul Barrage, 7 km downstream from Mathura, [5] was proposed to be completed by March 2003, to supply 30 cusec water to Mathura and Vrindavan and also 115 cusec water to Agra. [6]

Cusec is a measure of flow rate and is informal shorthand for "cubic feet per second". In the United States it is generally applied to water flow, particularly in rivers and canals. Other informal synonyms are cfs and second-feet.

Vrindavan City in Uttar Pradesh, India

Vrindavan, also known as Brindaban, is a historical city in the Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh, India.It is one of the most sacred places in Vaishnavism. It is located in the Braj Bhoomi region, and is where, according to Hinduism, Lord Shree Krishna spent most of his childhood days. The City is about 11 km away from Mathura, Krishna's birthplace on the Agra-Delhi National Highway as NH-44. The town hosts many temples dedicated to the worship of Radha and Krishna

Agra City in Uttar Pradesh, India

Agra is a city on the banks of the Yamuna river in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is 378 kilometres (235 mi) west of the state capital, Lucknow, 206 kilometres (128 mi) south of the national capital New Delhi, 58 kilometres (31 mi) south of Mathura and 125 kilometres (78 mi) north of Gwalior. Agra is one of the most populous cities in Uttar Pradesh, and the 24th most populous in India.

Concerns

The construction of barrage has reduced the flow of Yamuna and water downstream of Mathura has become more polluted due to lack of flushing. [7]

Yaumna river is part of National Waterway NW110, one of India's 111 National Waterways. [8]

Related Research Articles

Agra Canal

The Agra Canal is an important Indian irrigation work which starts from Okhla in Delhi. The Agra canal originates from Okhla barrage, downstream of Nizamuddin bridge.

Yamuna river in India

The Yamuna, also known as the Jumna or Jamna, is the second largest tributary river of the Ganges (Ganga) and the longest tributary in India. Originating from the Yamunotri Glacier at a height of 6,387 metres (20,955 ft) on the southwestern slopes of Banderpooch peaks of the Lower Himalaya in Uttarakhand, it travels a total length of 1,376 kilometres (855 mi) and has a drainage system of 366,223 square kilometres (141,399 sq mi), 40.2% of the entire Ganges Basin. It merges with the Ganges at Triveni Sangam, Prayagraj (Prayagraj), which is a site of the Kumbh Mela, a Hindu festival held every 12 years.

Tajewala Barrage dam in Yamunanagar district, Haryana

Tajewala Barrage is a now decommissioned but existing old barrage across the Yamuna River, located in Yamuna Nagar District, in the state of Haryana, India. Completed in 1873, it regulated the flow of the Yamuna for irrigation in Uttar Pradesh and Haryana through two canals originating at this place namely Western Yamuna Canal and Eastern Yamuna Canal, as well as the municipal water supply to Delhi.

Okhla Neighbourhood in South East Delhi, Delhi, India

Okhla is a suburban colony located near Okhla barrage in South Delhi district of National Capital Territory of Delhi. It is more commonly known as Okhla Industrial Area (OIA) or Okhla Industrial Estate, an industrial suburb in South Delhi which is mainly divided into three Phases. Okhla has lent its name to the nearby planned township of New Okhla Industrial Development Area or NOIDA.

Keetham lake, also known as the Sur Sarovar, is a scenic lake just outside Agra on the Agra - Delhi highway.

Tourism in Uttar Pradesh

Situated in the northern part of India, bordering with the capital of India New Delhi, Uttar Pradesh is one of the most popular and an established tourist destination for both Indians and non-Indians alike in India. The most populous state of India, Uttar Pradesh contains a large number of historical monuments and places of religious significance. Geographically, Uttar Pradesh is very diverse, with Himalayan foothills in the extreme north and the Gangetic Plain in the centre. It is also home of India's most visited sites, the Taj Mahal, and Hinduism's holiest city, Varanasi. Kumbh city, Allahabad. Kathak, one of the eight forms of Indian classical dances, originated from Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh is at the heart of India, hence it is also known as The Heartland of India. Cuisine of Uttar Pradesh like Awadhi cuisine, Mughlai cuisine, Kumauni cuisine are very famous not only in India but also many places abroad.

Okhla Sanctuary

Okhla Bird Sanctuary officially known as Shaheed Chander Shekhar Azad Sanctuary is a bird sanctuary at the Okhla barrage over Yamuna River. It is situated in Noida, Gautam Buddh Nagar district, on Delhi-Uttar Pradesh state border and known as a haven for over 300 bird species, especially waterbirds. In 1990, an area of 3.5 square kilometres (1.4 sq mi) on the river Yamuna was designated a bird sanctuary by the Government of Uttar Pradesh under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. The site is located at the point where the river enters Uttar Pradesh. The most prominent feature of the sanctuary is the large lake created by damming the river, which lies between Okhla village to the west and Gautam Budh Nagar to the east. The Okhla Bird Sanctuary (OBS) is roughly 4 square kilometres in size and is situated at the entrance of NOIDA in Gautam Budh Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated at a point where river Yamuna enters in the state of Uttar Pradesh leaving the territory of Delhi. It is one among fifteen bird sanctuaries in the state.

Masani Village in Haryana, India

Masani is a village on Sahibi River barrage in Rewari District in the Indian state of Haryana. it is location of lake, eco-tourism, farm tourism and industrial units. It is situated on Rewari-Dharuhera road section of national highway NH 919 that connects Rewari to Sohna and Palwal.

Sonia Vihar city in Delhi, India

Sonia Vihar(सोनिया विहार) (Pronounce)  is a north-east suburb of Delhi near Wazirabad on the bank of the river Yamuna. To the rest of Delhi citizens, it is known for its water treatment plant which supplies potable water to several parts of Delhi. It lies in Karawal Nagar assembly area.

Chhai Pokhar Place in Uttar Pradesh, India

Chhai Pokhar is a village in the district of Agra in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is nearby Achhnera or Achnera, connected by road on three sides of the village and by rail. Khera Sandhan is the nearest railway station at about 1 km from the village on Agra- Achnera-Mathura section of NW Railway. It is also known as Three Towers' Village. This page is composed by Er. Nahar Singh based on best available information about the village.

Surir Town in Uttar Pradesh, India

Surir is a town located in Mant Tehsil of Mathura district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Surir is divided into two villages - Surir Kalan Bangar & Surir Vijau. Surir kalan is a residencial place and Surir Vijau is a market place. Now Surir is known as Bricks Udyog as it has more than 100 bricks factories, which provide employments to thousands of workers from this area. It is well connected to the big cities such as Mathura, Vrindavan, Khair, Aligarh, Agra, Noida, Palwal, Bulandshahar, Ghaziabad, Delhi etc. It's connectivity towards Delhi to Agra by Yamuna expressway

The Munak Canal is a 102 kilometer long aqueduct that is part of Western Yamuna Canal in Haryana and Delhi states in India. The canal conveys water from the Yamuna River at Munak regulator in Karnal district of Haryana and travels in a southerly direction via Khubru barrage and Mandora barrage, terminating at Haidarpur in Delhi. It is one of the primary sources of drinking water for Delhi. A memorandum of understanding was signed between the Haryana and Delhi governments in 1996 and the Canal was constructed by Haryana between 2003 and 2012 on payment by Delhi. Originally a porous trench, the canal was eventually cemented due to excess seepage, saving 80 million gallons of water per day.

Western Yamuna Canal from Yamuna, is the Prithviraj Chauhan era or possibly earlier pre-existing canal that was dug out and renovated in 1335 CE by Firoz Shah Tughlaq, excessive silting caused it to stop flowing in 1750 CE, the British raj undertook a three-year renovation in 1817 by Captain GR Blane or Bengal Engineer Group, in 1832-33 Tajewala Barrage dam at Yaumna was built to regulate the flow of water, in 1875-76 Pathrala barrage at Dadupur and Somb river dam downstream of canal were built, in 1889-95 the largest branch of the canal Sirsa branch was constructed, the modern Hathni Kund Barrage was built in 1999 to handle the problem of silting to replace the older Tajewala Barrage.

Pathrala barrage dam in Yamunanagar district, Haryana


Pathrala Barrage is a barrage across the Somb river, located in Yamuna Nagar District, in the state of Haryana, India.

Okhla barrage dam in Okhla in Delhi

The Okhla barrage, is 791 meters or roughly 800-yard long weir across Yamuna River opened in 1874, is today the location of Okhla Bird Sanctuary 10 km to the south of New Delhi and downstream of Nizamuddin bridge at Okhla, where Agra canal originates from it. The top of barrage also serves as the Delhi-Noida carriageway of Mahamaya-Kalindi Kunj road. Nearby later-era New Okhla Barrage is 554 meters long.

Wazirabad barrage dam in Wazirabad, Delhi

The Wazirabad barrage or Wazirabad bridge, built in 1959 is a 1,491 ft long weir across Yamuna River, in north Delhi. Downstream barrages in Delhi are ITO barrage and then Okhla barrage. It is under the management of Delhi govt, where as ITO barrage is managed by Haryana and Okhhla barrage is managed by UP govt.

ITO barrage dam in ITO metro station in Delhi

The ITO barrage, also Indraprastha barrage and ITO Bridge, is a 552 meter barrage on Yamuna River, top of which also serves as the bridge on the Paharganj-Gaziabad Vikas marg. Yamuna flows for 48 km in Delhi, including 22 km from Wazirabad barrage where it enters Delhi to Okhla barrage after which it enters Haryana. Upstream barrage from ITO barrage in Delhi is Wazirabad barrage (north) and downstream is Okhla barrage (south). Yamuna has a total of 6 barrages, from north-west to south-east, Dakpathar Barrage (Uttarakhand), Hathni Kund Barrage, Wazirabad barrage, ITO barrage, Okhla barrage and Mathura barrage.

Palla barrage dam in Faridabad district

The Palla barrage is a barrage located in Palla on the Yamuna-Faridabad canal in Faridabad district of Haryana state in India. This irrigation canal runs to the west of Yaumna through Fridabad, Palwal, Mathura and Agra districts where it terminates in the farms. Palla, Faridabad is not to be confused with Palla, Delhi, a Yamuna pollution monitoring station 23 km upstream of Wazirabad barrage.

References

See also

Citations

  1. Bharati Chaturvedi, 2010, Finding Delhi: Loss and Renewal in the Megacity
  2. ML Ahmed, Analysis of Discharge and Gauge-Level Data at Old Railway Bridge, Int'l Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Energy and Manufacturing Engineering (ICAEME’2014), 9-10 June 2014, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia).
  3. Regional plan
  4. Bharati Chaturvedi, 2010, Finding Delhi: Loss and Renewal in the Megacity, Page 78.
  5. K. T. Ravindran, 1990, The ghats of Mathura and Vrindavan, proposals for restoration, INTACH.
  6. Shankarlal C. Bhatt,2005, Land and People of Indian States and Union Territories
  7. David L. Haberman, 2006,River of Love in an Age of Pollution: The Yamuna River of Northern India
  8. Steamer service to revive navigation in Agra Canal after 143 years, Hindustan Times, 1 Feb 2017.