Hesket | |
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View over Barrock Fell, in Hesket Parish | |
Population | 2,588 (2011) [1] |
OS grid reference | NY4744 |
Civil parish |
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Unitary authority | |
Ceremonial county | |
Region | |
Country | England |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | CARLISLE |
Postcode district | CA4, CA11 |
Dialling code | 01697 |
Police | Cumbria |
Fire | Cumbria |
Ambulance | North West |
UK Parliament | |
Hesket (also Hesket-in-the-Forest) is a large civil parish in the Eden District of Cumbria, England, on the main A6 between Carlisle and Penrith. At the 2001 census it had a population of 2,363, [2] increasing to 2,588 at the 2011 census, [1] and estimated at 2,774 in 2019. [3] The parish was formed in 1894 with the passing of the Local Government Act 1894 and was enlarged to incorporate the parish of Plumpton Wall following a County Review Order in 1934. Hesket is part of the historic royal hunting ground of Inglewood Forest. Settlement in the parish dates back to the Roman occupation.
The parish is located between the city of Carlisle and the market town of Penrith, along nine miles of the A6. [4] The parish encompasses the villages of Armathwaite, Calthwaite, High Hesket, Low Hesket, Plumpton and Southwaite, as well as the hamlets of Aiketgate, Morton, Old Town, Thiefside, Petteril Green and Plumpton Foot. It also includes parts of the villages of Ivegill and Wreay, with these villages also part of the parishes of Skelton and St Cuthbert Without respectively. [5]
At Castlesteads or Old Penrith just north of Plumpton village are the remains of a Roman Fort known as Voreda. [6] Just north of the site, aerial evidence has located two Roman camps, with limited excavation work in 1977 revealing pottery dating from AD 120. [7] [8] The structures are located near to the main Roman Road connecting the Vale of York to Carlisle, which now forms part of the modern-day A6. [8]
Many of the villages in the parish have names with Norse origins, several with the common suffix of 'thwaite', from the Norse clearing or meadow. The name Hesket itself derives from the old Norse for horse ('hestr') and road or race course ('skeid'). [9] In 1822, a Viking cairn was discovered in the parish, along the route of the A6, near the modern location of Court Thorn GP Surgery, during operations to widen the road. The objects uncovered were placed in the collection at Tuille House Museum in Carlisle. [10]
The parish is part of the Royal hunting ground known as Inglewood Forest, established by William the Conqueror and extended by Henry II. [11]
In 1885, Police Constable Joseph Byrnes was shot and killed by three assailants in Plumpton. The trio were wanted in connection with a burglary at Netherby Hall. The men were later caught and sentenced to death by hanging. [12] A memorial to Constable Byrnes was erected in the village and is now Grade II listed. [13]
The civil parishes of Hesket-in-the-Forest and Plumpton Wall were formed under the Local Government Act 1894. Plumpton Wall was incorporated into Hesket-in-the-Forest in 1934, following a County Review Order. [14]
Hesket is in the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Penrith and the Border. [15] Neil Hudson was elected its Conservative Member of Parliament at the 2019 General Election, [16] replacing fellow Conservative Rory Stewart, who announced his intention to stand down from both parliament and the party in October 2019. [17]
A district ward named Hesket exists, which incorporates the Parishes of Hesket and Catterlen, electing two representatives to Eden District Council. [18] The ward is currently represented by Conservative Councilor Elaine Martin and Independent Group Councillor David Ryland, both elected in May 2019. [19] At county level, the parish falls within the Greystoke and Hesket ward, electing one councillor to Cumbria County Council. In 2017, the seat was won by the Conservative Tom Wentworth-Waites. [20]
In March 2022, it was confirmed that Cumbria would be restructured into two unitary authorities, abolishing the County Council and all six District Councils. Elections for a shadow authority took place in May 2022, and, since April 2023, Hesket now falls within the new unitary authority of Westmorland and Furness. [21]
Hesket Parish Council divides into three electoral wards, Armathwaite, Calthwaite and Southwaite, each electing five Parish Councillors. [22]
The Settle-Carlisle Railway, which opened in 1876, runs through the parish with a station at Armathwaite. [23] Next to it is a Victorian signal box maintained by local volunteers and open for viewing. [24] The West Coast Main Line also runs through the parish. [25] At one time there were stations on the line at Plumpton, which closed in 1948, [26] and Southwaite and Calthwaite, both of which closed in 1952. [27] [28]
The M6 motorway and the A6 road run parallel to each other through the parish with a motorway service area at Southwaite. [29] The 104 bus service also runs through the villages of Plumpton, Low Hesket and High Hesket, operated by Stagecoach between Carlisle and Penrith. [30] [31] There is a community bus service, Fellrunner, which provides return journeys to Carlisle and Penrith from various stops in the parish. The service was established in 1979, spearheaded by a local clergyman, the Reverend Phillip Canham, and is run entirely by volunteers. [32]
The parish has five primary schools, in the villages of Armathwaite, Calthwaite, High Hesket, Ivegill and Plumpton. There are three village halls, in the villages of Low Hesket, Ivegill and Armathwaite, run by volunteers, and a community centre housed in a former Methodist chapel between the villages of Calthwaite and Plumpton. The villages of Armathwaite, Calthwaite, High Hesket, Ivegill and Plumpton all have parish churches.
Armathwaite village has a village shop and post office, two public houses and a children's play area. Calthwaite has a public house, a children's play area and a youth football club. Low Hesket also has a public house. The primary school playground in Plumpton doubles as a children's play area out of school hours. The village has a garden centre and cafe at the former station yard. [33]
The parish contains sixty-six listed buildings, including three Grade II* listed: Armathwaite Castle, [34] now a private residence, the Church of St Mary's in High Hesket, [35] dating from the 18th century but incorporating parts of the medieval church building, and the 16th-century Southwaite Hall Copper House and barns. [36] It also contains the Grade II listed Katharine Well at Mellguards, just outside the village of Southwaite, built as a memorial to the sister of the local architect and philanthropist Sara Losh. [37]
Cumbria is a ceremonial county in North West England. It borders the Scottish council areas of Dumfries and Galloway and Scottish Borders to the north, Northumberland and County Durham to the east, North Yorkshire to the south-east, Lancashire to the south, and the Irish Sea to the west. Its largest settlement is the city of Carlisle.
Cumberland is an area of Northern England which was historically a county and is now fully part of Cumbria. The county was bordered by Northumberland to the north-east, County Durham to the east, Westmorland to the south-east, Lancashire to the south, and the Scottish counties of Dumfriesshire and Roxburghshire to the north. The area includes the city of Carlisle, part of the Lake District and North Pennines, and the Solway Firth coastline.
Eden was a local government district in Cumbria, England, based at Penrith Town Hall in Penrith. It was named after the River Eden, which flowed north through the district toward Carlisle. Its population of 49,777 at the 2001 census, increased to 52,564 at the 2011 Census. A 2019 estimate was 53,253. In July 2021 it was announced that, in April 2023, Cumbria would be divided into two unitary authorities. On 1 April 2023, Eden District Council was abolished and its functions transferred to the new authority Westmorland and Furness, which also covers the former districts of Barrow-in-Furness and South Lakeland.
Penrith is a market town and civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. It is less than 3 miles (5 km) outside the Lake District National Park and about 17 miles (27 km) south of Carlisle. It is between the Rivers Petteril and Eamont and just north of the River Lowther. The town had a population of 15,181 at the 2011 census. It is part of historic Cumberland.
Shap is a village and civil parish located among fells and isolated dales in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England. The village is in the historic county of Westmorland. The parish had a population of 1,221 in 2001, increasing slightly to 1,264 at the 2011 Census.
Appleby is a railway station on the Settle and Carlisle Line, which runs between Carlisle and Leeds via Settle. The station, situated 30 miles 60 chains (49.5 km) south-east of Carlisle, serves the market town of Appleby-in-Westmorland, Eden in Cumbria. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.
Penrith was a rural district within the administrative county of Cumberland, England that existed from 1894 to 1974 with slight boundary changes in 1934.
Plumpton or Plumpton Wall is a small village and former civil parish, in the parish of Hesket, in the Westmorland and Furness district, in the traditional and historic county of Cumberland but now in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England. It is about 4 miles (6 km) north of Penrith. In 1931 the parish had a population of 320.
Lazonby is a village and civil parish in the Lower Eden Valley of Cumbria; it is located about 8 miles (13 km) north-north-east of Penrith and 24 miles (38 km) south of the Scottish Borders. Traditionally part of the historic county of Cumberland, it is now within the Westmorland and Furness unitary authority area. The total population of the ward of Lazonby, which also includes the nearby villages of North Dykes, Great Salkeld and Salkeld Dykes, was 1,425 at the time of the 2001 UK Census; this figure included 1,011 people between the ages of 16 and 74, of whom 675 were in employment. At the time of the 2011 Census, the population had decreased to 976.
Inglewood Forest is a large tract of mainly arable and dairy farm land with a few small woodland areas between Carlisle and Penrith in the English non-metropolitan county of Cumbria or ancient county of Cumberland.
Armathwaite Castle is in the village of Armathwaite, Cumbria, England, by the River Eden. Originally built to defend against Scottish raiders in the 15th century, it was converted into a mansion and today is a Grade II* listed building.
Armathwaite is a village in the English ceremonial county of Cumbria.
Calthwaite is a small village in rural Cumbria, England, situated between the small market town of Penrith and the larger city of Carlisle. It is within of the civil parish of Hesket and the unitary authority of Westmorland and Furness, but historically part of the traditional county of Cumberland. It has a population of around 100 people. In 1870-72 the township had a population of 269 and a railway station.
Southwaite is a small village in the parish of Hesket, in the Eden District, in the English county of Cumbria.
Southwaite railway station in Hesket parish, was situated on the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway between Carlisle and Penrith. It served the village of Southwaite, Cumbria, England. The station opened in 1846, and closed on 7 April 1952.
Calthwaite railway station in Hesket parish, was situated on the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway between Carlisle and Penrith. It served the village of Calthwaite, Cumbria, England. The station opened in 1847, and closed on 7 April 1952.
Plumpton railway station in Hesket parish in what is now Cumbria but was then Cumberland in the north west of England, was situated on the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway between Carlisle and Penrith. It served the village of Plumpton and the surrounding hamlets. The station opened on 17 December 1846, and closed on 31 May 1948.
Hesket is a civil parish in the Eden District, Cumbria, England. It contains 65 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, three are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish is largely rural, and contains the villages of High Hesket, Low Hesket, Armathwaite, Plumpton, Calthwaite, Southwaite, and smaller settlements. Most of the listed buildings are houses and associated structures, farmhouses and farm buildings. The Settle-Carlisle Line of the former Midland Railway passes through the eastern part of the parish, and two viaducts on the line are listed. Two of the buildings originated as tower houses or fortified houses, and have since been extended into country houses. The other listed buildings include churches and items in the churchyards, a chapel, public houses, a former water mill, a well head, bridges, a monument, a war memorial, and three boundary stones.
Westmorland and Furness is a unitary authority area in Cumbria, England. The economy is mainly focused on tourism around both the Lake District and Cumbria Coast, shipbuilding and the port in Barrow-in-Furness, and agriculture in the rural parts of the area.