Hungarian nationalism (Hungarian : magyar nacionalizmus) developed in the late 18th century [1] [2] and early 19th century along the classic lines of scholarly interest leading to political nationalism and mass participation. [3] [4] In the 1790s, Hungarian nobles pushed for the adoption of Hungarian as the official language rather than Latin. [1] [2] This conflicted with Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II's declaration of German as the administrative language. [5] The lower Hungarian nobility launched a literary renaissance of the Hungarian language and culture, often questioning the loyalty of the magnates, less than half of whom were ethnic Hungarians, and many of these had become French- and German-speaking courtiers. [5] Following the successful revival of the Hungarian language in the first half of the 19th century, and the suppressed Hungarian Revolution of 1848, the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 finally elevated the status of the Hungarian nation to equality with Austria. [5]
