Hungarian nationalism

Last updated
Flag of Hungary Flag of Hungary.svg
Flag of Hungary
Hungarian Parliament Building. Parlament a budai oldalrol.jpg
Hungarian Parliament Building.

Hungarian nationalism developed in the late 18th century [1] [2] and early 19th century along the classic lines of scholarly interest leading to political nationalism and mass participation. [3] [4] In the 1790s, Hungarian nobles pushed for the adoption of Hungarian as the official language rather than Latin. [1] [2]

Contents

Parties

Current

Former (After 1989: End of communism in Hungary)

Former (Before 1945)

Movements

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MIÉP–Jobbik Third Way Alliance of Parties</span> Political party in Hungary

The MIÉP–Jobbik Third Way Alliance of Parties was an electoral alliance in Hungary led by István Csurka and Dávid Kovács (Jobbik). In 2005, the Hungarian Justice and Life Party (MIÉP) joined forces with a newer political party, namely the Jobbik, and some members of the agricultural Independent Smallholders Party. The new political formation was registered under the name "Third Way".

The National Democratic Alliance was a short-lived centre-left party in Hungary, founded and led by Zoltán Bíró and Imre Pozsgay, defectors from the Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF) and the Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP), respectively.

The Greens, the Party of Normal People, also known mostly by its shortened form Green Party, is the first green political party in Hungary and also in post-communist countries, formed on 19 November 1989 following the end of communism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Green Left (Hungary)</span> Political party in Hungary

The Green Left, was a green eco-socialist political party in Hungary, founded in 2009.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hungarian Social Green Party</span> Political party in Hungary

The Hungarian Social Green Party, also known its shortened form Green Party, is a green anarchist political party in Hungary, founded in December 1995.

The Hungarian National Alliance was a short-lived electoral coalition in Hungary, formed in December 2003 by minor right-wing parties and movements to jointly contest the 2004 European Parliament election, the first in Hungary.

The Hungarian Cooperative and Agrarian Party, was a short-lived agrarianist political party in Hungary.

The Somogy County Christian Coalition was a short-lived regional electoral coalition in Hungary, formed by minor right-wing conservative parties and organizations in early 1990 to jointly contest the 1990 parliamentary election in Somogy County.

The Hungarian Workers' Democratic Center Party, was a minor political party in Hungary between 1989 and 1993.

The Social Democratic Party of Hungarian Gypsies, was a short-lived social democrat political party in Hungary for the ethnic Romani minority, existed between 1989 and 1991.

The People of the Orient Party – Christian Democrats, also known as simply People of the Orient Party, was a far-right clerical nationalist political party in Hungary.

The Compromise Independent Smallholders' Party, was an agrarianist political party in Hungary, after having its members left the Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party (FKGP).

The Party of the Hungarian Interest, was a far-right Hungarian radical nationalist political party between 1993 and 2005.

The Electoral Coalition for the Hungarians was a short-lived electoral coalition in Hungary, formed by the Hungarian Freedom Party, which split from the Freedom Party (SZP) earlier to contest the 1994 parliamentary election.

The National Alliance of Hungarian Families, is a non-governmental civil organization and a former political party in Hungary.

The National Forces' Movement was a radical left-wing nationalist party in Hungary, existed between 1993 and 1997.

The Hungarian Mothers' National Party was an extra-parliamentary party in Hungary, existed between 1992 and 2001.

The Party for Historic Hungary was a national conservative political party in Hungary, existed officially between 1990 and 2003.

István Győrkös is a Hungarian far-right political figure and convicted murderer. He was the founder and leader of the Hungarist and neo-Nazi paramilitary movement Hungarian National Front (MNA) from 1989 to 2016. He had been a leading and prominent figure in Hungarian extremist and neo-Nazi politics in the 1990s. In 1995, he proclaimed himself the sole leader of the Hungarist movement under the title Vezető ("Leader"), a term similar to Duce (Italian) for Benito Mussolini, Führer (German) for Adolf Hitler and Nemzetvezető (Hungarian) for Ferenc Szálasi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fidesz–KDNP</span> Hungarian political alliance

Fidesz–KDNP Party Alliance, formerly also known as the Alliance of Hungarian Solidarity, is a right-wing national conservative political alliance of two political parties in Hungary, the Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance (Fidesz) and the Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP). The two parties jointly contested every national election since the 2006 parliamentary election. The Fidesz–KDNP party alliance has governed Hungary since 2010, altogether obtaining a supermajority in each of the 2010, 2014, 2018, and 2022 national elections.

References

  1. 1 2 Almási, Gábor; Šubarić, Lav (2022). "The new discourses of nation: The origins of nationalism in late eighteenth‐century Hungary (Part 1)". Nations and Nationalism. 28 (3): 894–908. doi:10.1111/nana.12827. ISSN   1354-5078. S2CID   248717936.
  2. 1 2 Almási, Gábor; Šubarić, Lav (2022). "The new discourses of nation: The origins of nationalism in late eighteenth‐century Hungary (Part 2)". Nations and Nationalism. 28 (4): 1326–1339. doi:10.1111/nana.12826. ISSN   1354-5078. S2CID   248709263.
  3. Hoolihan, Mark James (2007). Mark James Hoolihan, p. 17, 2007. ISBN   9780549238607.
  4. Colquhoun, A. R., & Colquhoun, E. M. C. (1914). The whirlpool of Europe, Austria-Hungary and the Habsburgs. New York: Dodd, Mead.
  5. Ilikova, Lilia; Tushev, Andrey (2020). "Right-Wing Populism in Central Europe: Hungarian Case (Fidesz, Jobbik)". redalyc.org. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  6. Palonen, Emilia (25 July 2018). "Performing the nation: the Janus-faced populist foundations of illiberalism in Hungary". Taylor&Francis online. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  7. "Europe and right-wing nationalism: A country-by-country guide". BBC News. 2016-04-27. Retrieved 2023-09-06.
  8. "ECHR upholds ban on Hungarian far-right group". Euronews.com. euronews. 9 July 2013.
  9. Haines, John R. (10 July 2018). "/A New Political Movement Emerges on Hungary's Far Right". Fpri.org. FPRI.
  10. Vida, István (2011). "Kelet Népe Párt, Kereszténydemokraták (KNP–KD)". Magyarországi politikai pártok lexikona (1846–2010) [Encyclopedia of the Political Parties in Hungary (1846–2010)] (in Hungarian). Gondolat Kiadó. pp. 365–366. ISBN   978-963-693-276-3.
  11. Vida, István (2011). "A Magyar Érdek Pártja (AMÉP)". Magyarországi politikai pártok lexikona (1846–2010) [Encyclopedia of the Political Parties in Hungary (1846–2010)] (in Hungarian). Gondolat Kiadó. p. 334. ISBN   978-963-693-276-3.
  12. The Hungarian Patient: Social Opposition to an Illiberal Democracy Hardcover – July 2, 2015 by Peter Krasztev (Author, Editor), Jon Van Til (Editor), p. 134.
  13. "Kuruc.info - Megszűnt a MIÉP, felszámolási eljárásban az FKGP - vezetőik a Mi Hazánk jelöltjei lettek".
  14. Sipos, Péter (1979). "Nyilasmozgalmak,1931–1944". História. 1 (04): 44.
  15. "Hungarian nationalism" (PDF). Oszk.hu. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
  16. "Hungarian Nazis (Arrowcross Party)". Terrorhaza.hu.
  17. 1 2 Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p911 ISBN   978-3-8329-5609-7
  18. Paksy Zoltán - A nemzetiszocialista mozgalmak megszerveződése, párt- és regionális struktúrája Magyarországon az 1930-as években, Múltunk 2003/3 p. 202-237.- (Zoltán Paksy - The organization, party and regional structure of the national socialist movements in Hungary in the 1930s)
  19. "Hungarian far right launches new political party". The Guardian. 8 July 2017. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
  20. "Hungarian far-right figure attacked in Serbia". politics.hu. Archived from the original on 2014-10-26. Retrieved 2015-01-04.
  21. "Elfogytak a tagok: megszűnik a Pax Hungarica Mozgalom" (in Hungarian). Mandiner. 2017-07-31. Retrieved 2017-08-09.
  22. Mareš, Miroslav; Laryš, Martin; Holzer, Jan (October 25, 2018). Militant Right-Wing Extremism in Putin's Russia: Legacies, Forms and Threats. Routledge. ISBN   9780429953620 via Google Books.
  23. "Jobbik deputy chairman slams Véderő head; party seen favoring crackdown on controversial civil guard group". politics.hu. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  24. Szemán, László János (8 December 2017). "Felszámolták a szélsőséges hungarista szervezetet". Magyar Idők (in Hungarian). Retrieved 16 January 2017.
  25. Kovács, Zsóka (12 March 2018). "Prosecutor's office presses charges against Hungarian National Front". dailynewshungary.com. Dailynews Hungary.
  26. "Hungarian Government Urged To Protect Roma From Harassment and Intimidation". Human Rights First. 2011-03-18. Archived from the original on 2011-04-08. Retrieved 2011-03-28.
  27. 1 2 "Más néven alakult újjá a feloszlatott Szebb Jövőért". hvg.hu (in Hungarian). 2014-10-18. Retrieved 2024-02-26.
  28. 4News
  29. 4News
  30. rcc.int

Further reading