Khargone

This article is about the municipality in Madhya Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see Khargone District.

Khargone
City
From top left then clockwise: Mahakaleshwar temple 1, Chaubara Dera Jain temple, Mahakaleswar temple 2, Nilkantheswar temple, Chaubara Dera temple and Ballaleswar temple
Nickname(s):  City of Cotton and Chilli
Khargone Location in Madhya Pradesh, India
Coordinates: 21°49′12″N75°37′07″E / 21.82°N 75.6187°E / 21.82; 75.6187
Country	India
State	Madhya Pradesh
District	Khargone
Region	Nimar
Elevation	258 m (846 ft)
Population  (2011)
•  City	106,454
• Rank	243rd 23rd (in Madhya Pradesh state)
•  Urban [1]	215,000
•  Metro [2]	133,368
Languages
• Official	Hindi and English
• Regional	Hindi and Nimadi dialect of Hindi
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	451001
Telephone code	07282
Vehicle registration	MP-10
Sex ratio	1000/945 ♂/♀
Literacy Rate	80.63% [3]
HDI	High [4]
Climate	Cwa / Aw (Köppen)
Precipitation	914 mm (36.0 in)
Avg. annual temperature	26.0 °C (78.8 °F)
Avg. summer temperature	45 °C (113 °F)
Avg. winter temperature	21 °C (70 °F)
Website	khargone.nic.in

Khargone is a city and administrative headquarters of an Khargone district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The city is located on the bank of the Kunda river and is known for its cotton and chilly (chili pepper) production. It is also known for Navgraha Mandir, a temple devoted to the nav grahas (nine planets). Khargone topped the nation in municipality and received a national award for 'India's Fastest Moving City' under a population of two lakh. Khargone ranked 10th Cleanest city in India in Swachh Survekshan 2020 ^[5] City ranked the 15th cleanest city in India in Swachh Survekshan 2018 ^[6] and ranked 17th cleanest city in India in Swachh Survekshan 2017. ^[7]

History

According to mythology, the name "Nimar" was derived from the word "Nimarya" (निमार्य), which signifies that the land had belonged to both the Aryas and the non-Arya. However, according to another myth, the word "Nimar" has been associated with the place due to the presence of many Neem trees. ^[8]

At different times in history, the area was ruled by the Kingdoms of Haihayas (हैहय) of Maheshwar, Parmar of Malwa, Ahirs of Asirgarh, ^[9] Muslims of Mandav, Mughals and Marathas. After the formation of the state of Madhya Pradesh on 1 November 1956, the district came into existence as West Nimar (पश्चिम निमाड़). Later (on 25 May 1998) due to certain administrative needs, the district was divided between Khargone and Barwani. The population of the district was estimated to be about 1,872,413, according to the census of India 2011.

The old fort entrance.

Tourism

Here the very ancient Shri Navagraha Temple is situated on the banks of the Kunda river, due to which the city is known as Navgrah ki Nagri (City of Navagraha),

Near 17 Kilometer, Oon is a very old village in which are 99 Bhumija-style temples built by emperor Ballaleshwar. Oon has a MahaLakshmi and Jain temple.

Jain temples

Main article: Gvaleshwar temple

Chaubara Dera 2 and Gwaleshwar temple are two 12th century Jain temples built in Western Chalukya architecture. Chaubara Dera 2 houses three inscriptions dated 1170 CE, 1185 CE and 1165 CE. Gwaleshwar temple or popularly known as Pavagiri is an ancient Jain temple. The name, Gwaleshwar temple, is derived from the fact the Jain monks used to take shelter in the temple during storms. This temple is a siddh kshetra, believed to be place of nirvana for many Jain monks. The mulnayak of the temple is seated on triratha pedestal bearing a 13th century inscription. ^{[10] [11]}

Geography

Khargone is located in the south-west border of Madhya Pradesh, 258 metres (846 ft) above sea level. It is spread over an area of 8,030 square kilometres (3,100 sq mi). Towards the north it borders Dhar, Indore and Dewas districts. Towards the south, it borders Maharashtra, in the east, Khandwa and Burhanpur, Barwani in the west. Khargone is in the middle of the Narmada River valley with the Vindhyachal mountain range situated in the north and Satpura in the south. The River Narmada flows along a path of 50 kilometres (31 mi) inside the district. Veda and Kunda are the other two main rivers in the district.

Demographics

Khargone is growing fast as a city, and it now includes many flourishing villages. As of 2011 ^[update] India census, ^{[12] [ unreliable source? ]} Khargone had a population of 1,16,150. While males constitute 51.44% of the population, females average 49.46%. Khargone has an average literacy rate of 80.9%. This is higher than the national average of 74.04%: male literacy is 87.84%, and female literacy is 75.73%. About 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.

See also: List of cities in Madhya Pradesh

Religion in Khargone City (2011)
Religion			Percent
Hindus			61.50%
Muslims			37.23%
Jains			0.56%
Others†			0.8%
Christians			0.18%
Distribution of religions †Includes Sikhs (0.38%), Buddhists (0.5%).

Climate

Khargone has a transitional climate between a tropical wet and dry climate and a humid subtropical climate. Three distinct seasons are observed: summer, monsoon and winter. Summers are extremely hot and dry in this region, lasting from mid-march to mid-June followed by the monsoon season. The temperatures in summer are usually above 40 °C (104 °F) during April–May. During these months when temperatures become very high, the dry and hot wind (locally known as "loo") blows in this area, widely affecting the local ecology. The temperature also remains quite high during the night.

The monsoon arrives in late June, with temperatures around 29 °C (84 °F) and about 36 inches (914 mm) rainfall. The rainy season is humid and has substantial rainfall. Local people are commonly affected by the flooding of river Kunda, which flows from the outskirts of the city. Winters start in mid-November and are dry, mild and sunny. Temperatures average about 4–15 °C (39–59 °F), but can fall close to freezing on some nights.

Climate data for Khargone (1981–2010, extremes 1969–2011)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	36.2 (97.2)	39.6 (103.3)	43.6 (110.5)	46.2 (115.2)	47.9 (118.2)	47.6 (117.7)	43.0 (109.4)	38.6 (101.5)	41.8 (107.2)	42.4 (108.3)	38.7 (101.7)	38.4 (101.1)	47.9 (118.2)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	29.9 (85.8)	32.0 (89.6)	36.4 (97.5)	40.9 (105.6)	42.4 (108.3)	38.9 (102.0)	33.4 (92.1)	31.0 (87.8)	33.8 (92.8)	34.6 (94.3)	32.1 (89.8)	30.5 (86.9)	34.6 (94.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	9.7 (49.5)	12.3 (54.1)	17.5 (63.5)	23.8 (74.8)	26.4 (79.5)	24.9 (76.8)	23.4 (74.1)	22.2 (72.0)	22.6 (72.7)	20.4 (68.7)	15.6 (60.1)	8.9 (48.0)	19.0 (66.2)
Record low °C (°F)	4.0 (39.2)	3.5 (38.3)	7.6 (45.7)	12.0 (53.6)	20.5 (68.9)	15.1 (59.2)	18.2 (64.8)	18.1 (64.6)	12.7 (54.9)	10.7 (51.3)	6.5 (43.7)	0.2 (32.4)	3.5 (38.3)
Average rainfall mm (inches)	3.5 (0.14)	1.7 (0.07)	0.3 (0.01)	1.9 (0.07)	6.1 (0.24)	72.1 (2.84)	158.9 (6.26)	169.5 (6.67)	79.9 (3.15)	43.0 (1.69)	5.3 (0.21)	3.7 (0.15)	546.0 (21.50)
Average rainy days	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.4	4.6	8.0	6.9	4.7	1.8	0.2	0.2	27.6
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST)	64	60	49	46	52	58	72	80	75	64	69	68	62
Source: India Meteorological Department [13] [14]

Education

Colleges

There are various colleges ^[15] in the district. These are affiliated with Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalay, Indore (University of Indore) and offer several graduate and postgraduate-level courses. The list includes:

• Nimar Institute of Information Technology and Science (NIITS), Khargone
• Shree Narayan Institute of Technology (SNIT)
• Jawaharlal Nehru Mahavidyalaya
• Jawaharlal Institute of Technology, Borawan
• Government Post Graduate Degree College
• Government Girls Degree College
• Shreeji Institute Of Technology and Management College
• Alma Computer Khargone
• Saikripa Academy Khargone
• Devi Rukmini college of Education
• Modak Institute of technology
• Vikalp Krishi Shikshan Sansthan (Institute of Agriculture), Khargone.

Schools

There are various schools. ^{[16] [17]} These are affiliated with CBSE.The list includes:

• St. Jude's higher secondary school,Khargone
• Aaditya vidya vihar higher secondary school, khargone
• Devi Rukmani Higher Secondary School, Khargone
• Gokuldas Public School
• Kendriya Vidyalaya Khargone
• Maharishi Vidya Mandir
• Creative Public School.

There are also Board of Secondary Education, Madhya Pradesh affiliated schools in Khargone as:

• Saraswati Shishu/Vidya Mandir
• Bal Shiksha Niketan
• Priyadarshini higher secondary school
• Gayatri Shiksha Niketan
• D.A.G.H.S.S. No.1 (utkrisht school)
• D.A.G.H.S.S. No.2 (school of excellence)
• Govt. higher secondary school no.7 (Motipura)
• Vikalp Group of Education (School).

References

Citation

1. "Population of Madhya Pradesh (2020)".
2. "INDIA STATS : Million plus cities in India as per Census 2011".
3. "literacy rate".
4. "Archived copy" (PDF). www.dif.mp.gov.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
5. "Swach Sarvekshan movement".
6. "Swach Sarvekshan movement".
7. "Swachh Bharat rankings 2017: Here are the top 100 cities ranked on cleanliness". The Indian Express. 4 May 2017.
8. "परिचय: जिला खरगौन (म.प्र.) भारत 451001".
9. Mehta, BH (1984). Gonds of the Central Indian Highlands Vol II. Concept Publishing Company. p. 569. Retrieved 24 April 2016.
10. District Administration. "Shri Mahalaxmi and Other Temples of Oon". Government Of Madhya Pradesh. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
11. Akhikari 2004, p. 1201.
12. "Khargone Population, Religion, Caste, Working Data". cencus.co.in. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
13. "Station: Khargone Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 415–416. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
14. "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M122. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
15. "शिक्षा: जिला खरगौन (म.प्र.) भारत 451001". Khargone.nic.in. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
16. "Education Portal".
17. Kendriya Vidyalaya Khargone, Bhopal. khargone.kvs.ac.in.

Source

• Akhikari, Swati Mandal (2004). "Professor Sudhir Ranjan Das Memorial Prize Essay: CHRONOLOGY OF TEMPLES AT UN". Indian History Congress . 65: 1197–1202. JSTOR   44144828.

External links

• Official Website of Khargone District
• Shri Mahalaxmi Oon Khargone