Leucophaeus

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Leucophaeus
Franklin's Gull Brisbane98.jpg
Franklin's gull
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Charadriiformes
Family: Laridae
Genus: Leucophaeus
Bruch, 1855
Type species
Larus haematorhynchus [1]
King, 1828
Species

5, see list

Leucophaeus is a small genus of medium-sized New World gulls, most of which are dark in plumage, usually with white crescents above and below the eyes. They were placed in the genus Larus until recently. [2] The genus name Leucophaeus is from Ancient Greek leukos, "white", and phaios, "dusky". [3]

Species

ImageScientific nameCommon NameDistribution
Dolphin Gull - Leucophaeus scoresbii on rock.jpg Leucophaeus scoresbii Dolphin gull coasts of Chile, Argentina, and the Falkland Islands
Gray Gull RWD.jpg Leucophaeus modestus Grey gull Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Chile,
Lava Gull RWD2.jpg Leucophaeus fuliginosus Lava gull Galapagos Islands
Laughing-gull.jpg Leucophaeus atricilla Laughing gull the Atlantic coast of North America, the Caribbean, and northern South America
Franklin's Gull Brisbane98.jpg Leucophaeus pipixcan Franklin's gull Argentina, the Caribbean, Chile, Peru, and Canada

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gull</span> Seabirds of the family Laridae in the suborder Lari

Gulls, or colloquially seagulls, are seabirds of the family Laridae in the suborder Lari. They are most closely related to the terns and skimmers and only distantly related to auks, and even more distantly to waders. Until the 21st century, most gulls were placed in the genus Larus, but that arrangement is now considered polyphyletic, leading to the resurrection of several genera. An older name for gulls is mews, which is cognate with German Möwe, Danish måge, Swedish mås, Dutch meeuw, Norwegian måke/måse and French mouette, and can still be found in certain regional dialects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Laridae</span> Family of birds

Laridae is a family of seabirds in the order Charadriiformes that includes the gulls, terns, noddies, skimmers, and kittiwakes. It includes around 100 species arranged into 22 genera. They are an adaptable group of mostly aerial birds found worldwide.

<i>Larus</i> Genus of birds

Larus is a large genus of gulls with worldwide distribution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Laughing gull</span> Species of bird

The laughing gull is a medium-sized gull of North and South America. Named for its laugh-like call, it is an opportunistic omnivore and scavenger. It breeds in large colonies mostly along the Atlantic coast of North America, the Caribbean, and northern South America. The two subspecies are L. a. megalopterus — which can be seen from southeast Canada down to Central America — and L. a. atricilla, which appears from the West Indies to the Venezuelan islands. The laughing gull was long placed in the genus Larus until its present placement in Leucophaeus, which follows the American Ornithologists' Union.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Little tern</span> Species of bird

The little tern is a seabird of the family Laridae. It was formerly placed into the genus Sterna, which now is restricted to the large white terns. The genus name is a diminutive of Sterna, 'tern'. The specific albifrons is from Latin albus, 'white', and frons, 'forehead'. The former North American and Red Sea S. a. saundersi subspecies are now considered to be separate species, the least tern and Saunders's tern.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gull-billed tern</span> Species of bird

The gull-billed tern, formerly Sterna nilotica, is a tern in the family Laridae. It is widely distributed and breeds in scattered localities in Europe, Asia, northwest Africa, and the Americas. The Australian gull-billed tern was previously considered a subspecies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pallas's gull</span> Species of bird

Pallas's gull, also known as the great black-headed gull, is a large bird species. As is the case with many gulls, it has traditionally been placed in the genus Larus. The scientific name is from Ancient Greek. Ichthyaetus is from ikhthus, "fish", and aetos, "eagle".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Franklin's gull</span> Species of bird

Franklin's gull is a small gull. The genus name Leucophaeus is from Ancient Greek leukos, "white", and phaios, "dusky". The specific pipixcan is a Nahuatl name for a type of gull.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elegant tern</span> Species of bird

The elegant tern is a tern in the family Laridae. It breeds on the Pacific coasts of the southern United States and Mexico and winters south to Peru, Ecuador and Chile.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bridled tern</span> Species of bird

The bridled tern is a seabird of the family Laridae. It is a bird of the tropical oceans. The scientific name is from Ancient Greek. The genus comes from onux meaning "claw" or "nail", and prion, meaning "saw". The specific anaethetus means "senseless, stupid".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White tern</span> Species of bird

The white tern or common white tern is a small seabird found across the tropical oceans of the world. It is sometimes known as the fairy tern, although this name is potentially confusing as it is also the common name of Sternula nereis. Other names for the species include angel tern and white noddy in English, and manu-o-Kū in Hawaiian. The little white tern, previously considered a subspecies of the white tern, is now recognised as a separate species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marsh tern</span> Genus of birds

The name marsh tern refers to terns of the genus Chlidonias, which are typically found in freshwater marshes, rather than coastal locations. The genus name Chlidonias is from Ancient Greek khelidonios, "swallow-like", from khelidon, "swallow".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lava gull</span> Species of bird

The lava gull, also known as the dusky gull, is a medium-sized gull and a member of the "hooded gull" group. It is most closely related to the Laughing gull and Franklin's gull and is the rarest gull in the world. It is endemic to the Galapagos Islands.

<i>Onychoprion</i> Genus of birds

Onychoprion, the "brown-backed terns", is a genus of seabirds in the family Laridae. The genus name is from Ancient Greek onux, "claw" or "nail", and prion, "saw".

<i>Thalasseus</i> Genus of birds

Thalasseus, the crested terns, is a genus of eight species of terns in the family Laridae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hartlaub's gull</span> Species of bird

Hartlaub's gull, also known as the king gull, it is a small gull. It was formerly sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the silver gull, and, as is the case with many gulls, it has traditionally been placed in the genus Larus but is now placed in the genus Chroicocephalus. The species’ name commemorates the German physician and zoologist, Gustav Hartlaub.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saunders's gull</span> Species of bird

Saunders's gull or the Chinese black-headed gull, is a species of gull in the family Laridae. It is found in China, Hong Kong, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Macau, Russia, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Its natural habitats are estuarine waters and intertidal marshes. As with many other gulls, it has traditionally been placed in the genus Larus, but based on phylogenetic work some have moved it to Chroicocephalus, while others argue it is sufficiently distinct for placement in the monotypic Saundersilarus. In 2023, this transfer was recognized by the International Ornithologists' Union.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blue noddy</span> Species of bird

The blue noddy or hinaokū or manuohina is a seabird in the family Laridae. It is also known as the blue-grey noddy.

<i>Chroicocephalus</i> Genus of birds

Chroicocephalus is a genus of medium to relatively small gulls which were included in the genus Larus until recently. Some authorities also include the Saunders's gull in Chroicocephalus. The genus name Chroicocephalus is from Ancient Greek khroizo, "to colour", and kephale, "head".

<i>Ichthyaetus</i> Genus of birds

Ichthyaetus is a genus of gulls. The genus name is from Ancient Greek ikhthus, "fish", and aetos, "eagle". They were previously included in the genus Larus.

References

  1. "Laridae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  2. Pons J.M.; Hassanin, A.; Crochet P.A. (2005). "Phylogenetic relationships within the Laridae (Charadriiformes: Aves) inferred from mitochondrial markers" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution. 37 (3): 686–699. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.05.011. PMID   16054399. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-09. Retrieved 2015-05-12.
  3. Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p.  224. ISBN   978-1-4081-2501-4.