List of Austrians

Flag of Austria (Österreichische Flagge)

This is a list of notable Austrians.

Actors/actresses

Hedy Lamarr

Arnold Schwarzenegger

• Helmut Berger (1944–2023), actor
• Senta Berger (born 1941), actress
• Klaus Maria Brandauer (1943–2025), actor
• Wolfgang Cerny (born 1984), actor
• Marie Geistinger (1836–1903), actress and opera singer
• Gilla (born 1950), also known as Gisela Wuchinger; singer and actor from the disco era
• Käthe Gold (1907–1997), stage actress
• Liane Haid (1895–2000), first Austrian movie star
• Attila Hörbiger (1896–1987), actor
• Christiane Hörbiger (1938–2022), actress
• Paul Hörbiger (1894–1981), actor
• Maria Hofstätter (born 1964), actress
• Boris Kodjoe (born 1973), actor
• Melanie Kogler (born 1985), television and theatre actress
• Brigitte Kren (born 1954), actress
• Hedy Lamarr (1914–2000), actress; also co-inventor of spread spectrum radio technology; became U.S. citizen
• Karl Merkatz (1930–2022), actor (most notable for his role as a Viennese in "Mundl")
• Birgit Minichmayr (born 1977), actress
• Hans Moser (1880–1964), comedy actor
• Reggie Nalder (1907–1991), actor
• Nina Proll (born 1974), actress
• Maximilian Schell (1930–2014), actor
• Arnold Schwarzenegger (born 1947), bodybuilder, actor, became U.S. citizen, governor of the U.S. state of California (2003–2011)
• Ursula Strauss (born 1974), actress
• Erich von Stroheim (1885–1957), actor and film director
• Christoph Waltz (born 1956), actor
• Maria Weiss, mezzo-soprano and actress
• Oskar Werner (1922–1984), actor
• Sybil Danning 1952 Actor, producer, writer

Artists/architects

Main article: List of Austrian artists and architects

See also: List of Austrian women artists

• Maria Auböck (born 1951), landscape architect
• Bernhard Cella (born 1969), conceptual artist
• Johann Georg Danninger, 19th-century bronzesmith
• Karl Duldig (1902–1986), Austrian-Australian sculptor
• Albin Egger-Lienz (1868–1926), painter
• Karl Ehn (1884–1957), architect, designer of the Karl-Marx-Hof
• Trude Fleischmann (1895–1990), photographer
• Ernst Fuchs (1930–2015), artist
• Xenia Hausner (born 1951), painter
• Gottfried Helnwein (born 1948), artist, born in Vienna
• Kurt Hentschlager (born 1960), new media artist
• Friedensreich Hundertwasser (1928–2000), artist
• Gustav Klimt (1862–1918), artist, helped found Vienna Secession
• Oskar Kokoschka ^[1] (1886–1980), painter
• Alfred Kubin (1877–1959), graphic artist
• Adolf Loos (1870–1933), architect, born in Brno (Moravia, present-day Czech Republic)
• Josef Lorenzl (1892–1950), sculptor
• Hans Makart (1840–1884), history painter, designer and decorator
• Inge Morath (1923–2002), photographer
• Richard Neutra (1892–1970), architect
• Josef Pögl (1867–1956), painter, winner of the Vienna Arts Prize
• Wolf Prix (born 1942), architect, co-founder of Coop Himmelb(l)au
• Willy Puchner (born 1952), photographer
• Arnulf Rainer (born 1929), painter
• Johann Michael Rottmayr (1656–1730), Baroque painter
• Egon Schiele (1890–1918), painter
• Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky (1897–2000), architect and political activist
• De Es Schwertberger (born 1942), artist
• Harry Seidler (1923–2006), architect
• Helmut Swiczinsky (1944–2025), architect, co-founder of Coop Himmelb(l)au
• Aloys Wach (1892–1940), painter
• Otto Wagner (1841–1918), Jugendstil architect behind much of turn-of-the-century Viennese architecture
• Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller (1793–1865), painter
• Felix de Weldon (1907–2003), sculptor
• Franz West (1947–2012), artist
• Olga Wisinger-Florian (1844–1926), painter

Composers/musicians

Joseph Haydn

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Falco with the Swiss singer Ursela Monn

Johann Strauss II

Arnold Schoenberg, Los Angeles, 1948

Main article: List of Austrians in music

• Wolfgang Ambros (born 1952), pop musician
• Louie Austen (born 1946), composer and musician
• Ernst Bachrich (1892–1942), composer and conductor
• Caroline Bayer (1758–1803), 18th-century violinist and composer
• Alban Berg ^[2] (1885–1935), composer
• Alfred Brendel (1931–2025), pianist
• Anton Bruckner (1824–1896), composer
• Friedrich Cerha (1926–2023), composer and conductor
• Carl Czerny (1791–1857), pianist and composer
• Anton Diabelli (1781–1858), publisher, editor and composer
• Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf (1739–1799), composer
• Karlheinz Essl (born 1960), composer and electronic musician
• Falco (1957–1998), pop musician
• Christian Fennesz (born 1962), electronic musician
• Bernhard Gál (born 1971), composer and artist
• Georg Friedrich Haas (born 1953), composer
• Natascha Hagen (born 1974), singer-songwriter
• Nikolaus Harnoncourt (1929–2016), conductor
• Joseph Haydn ^[2] (1732–1809), composer
• Michael Haydn (1737–1806), composer, younger brother of Joseph Haydn
• Yung Hurn (born 1995), hip-hop musician
• Udo Jürgens (1934–2014), singer-songwriter
• Herbert von Karajan (1908–1989), conductor
• Bernhard Lang (born 1957), composer
• Thomas Lang (born 1967), drummer and composer
• Joseph Lanner (1801–1843), composer
• Left Boy (born 1988), singer
• Elisabeth Leonskaja (born 1945), pianist, Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, First Class, in 2006
• Gustav Mahler ^[2] (1860–1911), composer
• Marianne von Martinez (1744–1812), composer, singer
• Penny McLean (born 1948), singer with the disco group Silver Convention
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ^{[2] [3]} (1756–1791), musician and composer
• Olga Neuwirth (born 1968), composer
• Gerhard Potuznik, electronic musician
• César Sampson (born 1983), singer
• Franz Schmidt (1874–1939), composer
• Arnold Schoenberg ^[2] (1874–1951), composer
• Franz Schubert ^{[2] [3]} (1797–1828), composer and musician
• Parov Stelar (born 1974), electronic musician
• Eduard Strauss (1835–1916), composer
• Johann Strauss Jr. (1825–1899), composer
• Johann Strauss Sr. (1804–1849), composer
• Josef Strauss (1827–1870), composer
• Franz von Suppé (1819–1895), composer
• Nathan Trent (born 1992), singer
• Anton Webern ^[2] (1883–1945), composer
• Franz Welser-Möst (born 1960), conductor
• Hugo Wolf (1860–1903), composer
• Conchita Wurst (born 1988), pop musician
• Joe Zawinul (1932–2007), jazz musician, composer
• Eric Zeisl (1905–1959), composer
• Alexander von Zemlinsky (1871–1942), composer

Ferdinand James von Rothschild

Entrepreneurs

• Hannes Androsch (1938–2024), former minister of finance in the government of Bruno Kreisky
• Hikmet Ersek (born 1961), CEO of The Western Union Company, a Fortune 500 company
• Ignaz Glaser (1853–1916), entrepreneur
• Gaston Glock (1929-2023), inventor, founder of Glock Ges.m.b.H.
• Niki Lauda (1949–2019), Formula One race car driver and aviation entrepreneur
• Richard Lugner (1932–2024), entrepreneur and society figure
• Dietrich Mateschitz (1944–2022), businessman behind the Red Bull brand
• Ludwig (Louis) von Nathaniel (1882–1955), banker
• Ferdinand Porsche (1875–1951), automotive engineer, designed the Volkswagen (the "people's car"), born in Vratislavice nad Nisou (Austria-Hungary, Bohemia, present-day Czech Republic)
• Ferdinand Anton Ernst Porsche (1909–1998), automotive engineer and entrepreneur, he expanded the sports car manufacturer Porsche AG to what it is now
• Johann Puch (1862–1914), inventor, mechanic, co-founder of Steyr-Daimler-Puch
• Albert Salomon von Rothschild (1844–1911), banker
• Anselm von Rothschild (1803–1874), banker
• Ferdinand James von Rothschild (1839–1898), investor
• Nathaniel Mayer Anselm von Rothschild (1836–1905), banker
• Salomon Mayer von Rothschild (1774–1855), banker
• Robert Schlumberger (1814–1879), entrepreneur
• Frank Stronach (born 1932), entrepreneur, born in Austria
• Daniel Swarovski (1862–1956), founder of Swarovski AG, world-famous crystals, born in Jiřetín pod Bukovou, (Bohemia, present-day Czech Republic)

Filmmakers

Fritz Lang

Hans Weingartner

• Barbara Albert (born 1970), film director, producer and writer
• Franz Antel (1913–2007), director, actor and writer
• Axel Corti (1933–1993), director
• Elfi von Dassanowsky (1924–2007), film producer, singer, pianist
• Andrea Maria Dusl (born 1961), film director and writer
• Amir Esmann (born 1965), director, director of photography, writer
• Max Fleischer (1883–1972), animator
• Michael Haneke (born 1942), ^[4] film director (born in Germany, however lives and works in Austria)
• Fritz Lang (1890–1976), ^{[5] [6]} film director
• Francis Lawrence (born 1971), Austrian-American film director
• Otto Preminger (1905–1986), film director
• Stefan Ruzowitzky (born 1961), film director and writer
• Arnold Schwarzenegger (born 1947), actor and politician
• Ulrich Seidl (born 1952), film director and writer
• Josef von Sternberg (1894–1969), film director
• Erich von Stroheim (1885–1957), ^{[5] [7]} film director
• Wolfgang Suschitzky (1912–2016), director of photography
• Edgar G. Ulmer (1904–1972), film director
• Hans Weingartner (born 1977), film director, producer and writer
• Virgil Widrich (born 1967), film director, producer and writer
• Billy Wilder (1906–2002), film director, born in Austria-Hungary
• Fred Zinnemann (1907–1977), film director

Mountaineers

Main article: List of Austrian mountaineers

Peter Aufschnaiter

• Peter Aufschnaiter (1899–1973), mountaineer and co-traveller of Heinrich Harrer (Seven Years in Tibet)
• Karl Blodig (1859–1956), mountaineer (first to climb all alpine mountains above 4,000 m)
• Hermann Buhl (1924–1957), first ascent of Nanga Parbat on the 1953 German–Austrian Nanga Parbat expedition, first ascent of Broad Peak
• Kurt Diemberger (born 1932), first ascents of Broad Peak (1957) and Dhaulagiri (1960)
• Peter Habeler (born 1942), first ascent of Mount Everest without oxygen (together with Reinhold Messner)
• Heinrich Harrer (1912–2006), mountaineer (first ascent of the Carstensz Pyramid) and writer (Seven Years in Tibet)
• Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner (born 1970), first woman to ascend all eight-thousanders without oxygen (2011)
• Fritz Moravec (1922–1997), first ascent of Gasherbrum II (1956)
• Ludwig Purtscheller (1849–1900), first ascent of Kilimanjaro in 1889
• Marcus Schmuck (1925–2005), first ascent of Broad Peak in 1957 as expedition leader
• Herbert Tichy (1912–1987), geologist, journalist and mountaineer (first ascent of Cho Oyu)
• Luis Trenker (1892–1990), mountaineer, film director and writer (born in the southern part of Tyrol, then in Austria-Hungary)
• Fritz Wintersteller (1927–2018), first ascent of Broad Peak in 1957

Military leaders

Joseph Radetzky von Radetz

• Haim Bar-Lev (1924–1994), Israeli general and government minister
• Leopold Josef Graf Daun (1705–1766), field marshal
• Joseph Radetzky von Radetz (1766–1858), military leader
• Prince Eugene of Savoy (1663–1736), general in the war against the Turks (17th–18th century)
• Philipp von Stadion und Thannhausen (1799–1868), field marshal
• Wilhelm von Tegetthoff (1827–1871), admiral
• Georg von Trapp (1880–1947), navy officer
• Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz (1787–1862), general
• Archduke Charles of Austria (1771–1847), fought against Napoleon

Politicians

Main article: List of Austrian politicians

Adolf Hitler

Sebastian Kurz

Karl Renner

• Kasimir Felix Graf Badeni (1846–1909), statesman and diplomat
• Leopold Graf Berchtold (1863–1942), foreign minister at the outbreak of the First World War
• Brigitte Bierlein (1949–2024), Chancellor 2019–2020
• Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi (1894–1972), politician and writer
• Engelbert Dollfuß (1892–1934), Chancellor 1932–1934 (First Republic), established Austrofascism
• Leopold Figl (1902–1965), Chancellor 1945–1953, foreign minister 1953–1959
• Heinz Fischer (born 1938), former President
• Werner Faymann (born 1960), former Chancellor
• Jörg Haider (1950–2008), politician, governour of Carinthia until his death in 2008
• Adolf Hitler (1889–1945), leader of Nazi Germany 1933–1945, gained German citizenship in 1932, and became German Chancellor in 1933. In 1938, he annexed Austria with the Anschluß
• Joseph Hormayr Freiherr zu Hortenburg (1781–1848), statesman and historian
• Theodor Innitzer (1875–1955), cardinal archbishop of Vienna 1932–1955, minister of social affairs 1929–1930
• Ernst Kaltenbrunner (1903–1946), NSDAP politician
• Wenzel Anton Graf Kaunitz (1711–1794), statesman
• Christian Kern (born 1966), Chancellor 2016–2017
• Rudolf Kirchschläger (1915–2000), judge, diplomat and President 1974–1986
• Thomas Klestil (1932–2004), diplomat, President 1992–2004
• Teddy Kollek (1911–2007), Israeli Mayor of Jerusalem
• Bruno Kreisky (1911–1990), Chancellor 1970–1983, foreign minister 1959–1966
• Sebastian Kurz (born 1986), Chancellor 2017–2019, 2020–2021
• Klemens Wenzel von Metternich (1773–1859), diplomat and statesman
• Julius Raab (1891–1964), Chancellor 1953–1961 (1773–1859)
• Adolf Schärf (1890–1965), President 1957–1965
• Anton von Schmerling (1805–1893), statesman (liberal movement of the 19th century)
• Kurt Schuschnigg (1897–1977), Chancellor 1934–1938
• Wolfgang Schüssel (born 1945), Chancellor 2000–2007
• Arnold Schwarzenegger (born 1947), former governor of California
• Ignaz Seipel (1876–1932), Catholic priest, Chancellor 1922–1924 and 1926–1929
• Arthur Seyß-Inquart (1892–1946), NSDAP politician, last Chancellor before the Anschluss in 1938
• Johann Philipp von Stadion (1763–1824), statesman, foreign minister and diplomat 1763–1824
• Alexander Van der Bellen (born 1944), former chairman of the Austrian Green Party and President since 2017
• Kurt Waldheim (1918–2007), diplomat and politician, UN Secretary-General 1972–1982, President of Austria 1986–1992

Religious leaders

Ignaz Seipel

• Theodor Innitzer (1875–1955), cardinal archbishop of Vienna 1932–1955, minister of social affairs 1929–1930
• Franz König (1905–2004), Cardinal Archbishop of Vienna (1956–1985)
• Christoph Schönborn (born 1945), archbishop and cardinal
• Ignaz Seipel (1876–1932), Catholic priest, Chancellor 1922–1924 and 1926–1929

Royalty

Main article: List of rulers of Austria

Franz Joseph I of Austria

• Elisabeth, Empress-Consort of Austria, wife of Francis Joseph I
• Ferdinand I, Emperor of Austria
• Francis Joseph I, Emperor of Austria
• Francis II/I, Holy Roman Emperor, first Emperor of Austria
• Franz Ferdinand, Archduke (assassinated in 1914)
• Frederick II of Austria, last Babenberger duke of Austria
• Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, reformer (abolished the death penalty) 1780–1790
• Karl I, last Emperor of Austria
• Karl V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500–1558)
• Leopold V, Babenberg duke of Austria, participated in the Third Crusade
• Maria Leopoldina, Archduchess, became Empress of Brazil
• Maria Theresia, Archduchess of Austria, Holy Roman Empress-Consort, last male-line Habsburg
• Marie Antoinette, Archduchess, became Queen of France
• Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (1459–1519)
• Maximilian I, Emperor of Mexico, Archduke of Austria
• Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria, Archduke of Austria
• Rudolph I, King of Germany, first Habsburg king
• Rudolf IV of Austria, Duke of Austria, self-styled archduke 1358–1365 (Privilegium Maius)

Scientists

For a more comprehensive list, see List of Austrian scientists.

Joseph Schumpeter

Economists

• Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk (1851–1914), economist and early member of the Austrian School of Economics
• Gottfried von Haberler (1900–1995), Austrian-American economist, born in Purkersdorf, Austria-Hungary
• Friedrich Hayek (1899–1992), economist and social scientist, Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1974 (became a British citizen in 1938)
• Leopold Kohr (1909–1994), economist, jurist and political scientist
• Fritz Machlup (1902–1983), Austrian-American economist, born in Wiener Neustadt, Austria-Hungary
• Carl Menger (1840–1921), founder of the Austrian School of economics
• Ludwig von Mises (1881–1973), free-market economist
• Oskar Morgenstern (1902–1977), co-founder of game theory
• Otto Neurath (1882–1945), socialist, economist and philosopher
• Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950), economist, born in Triesch, Austria-Hungary
• Friedrich von Wieser (1851–1926), economist of the Austrian School

Engineers/inventors

Thomas Feichtner

Josef Ressel

• Thomas Feichtner (born 1970), industrial designer
• Anselm Franz (1900–1994), pioneer in jet engine engineering, designed the world's first turbojet
• Gaston Glock (1929–2023), inventor, founder of firearms company GLOCK GmbH
• Eduard Haas (1897–1989), inventor of the Pez candy
• Viktor Kaplan (1876–1934), inventor of turbines for river power plants
• Wilhelm Kress (1836–1913), aviation pioneer, inventor of the stick control for airplanes
• Hedy Lamarr (1914–2000), co-inventor of spread spectrum wireless communications, along with George Antheil
• Ernst Lauda (1859–1932), hydraulic and bridge engineer
• Josef Madersperger (1768–1850), invented the sewing machine in 1818
• Siegfried Marcus (1831–1898), automobile pioneer, inventor of the first gasoline powered automobile (vehicles of 1870 and 1889)
• Alois Negrelli (1799–1858), engineer and railroad pioneer (created the plans for the Suez Canal)
• Ferdinand Porsche (1875–1951), automotive engineer, designed the Volkswagen (the "people's car"), inventor of the hybrid car, contributed to the design of the Tiger I and Tiger II tanks (born in Austria-Hungary)
• Josef Ressel (1793–1857), inventor of the marine screw propeller, pneumatic post and ball bearing
• Theodor Scheimpflug (1865–1911), inventor of Scheimpflug photography
• Alois Senefelder (1771–1834), inventor of the printing technique of lithography
• Josef Singer (1923–2009), Israeli aeronautical engineer and President of Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
• Max Valier (1895–1930), rocketry pioneer
• Carl Auer von Welsbach (1858–1929), inventor of gaslight

Philosophers

Ludwig Wittgenstein

• Franz Brentano (1838–1917), philosopher and psychologist
• Martin Buber (1878–1965), philosopher
• Christian von Ehrenfels (1859–1932), philosopher
• Herbert Feigl (1902–1988), philosopher (member of the Vienna Circle)
• Paul Feyerabend (1924–1994), philosopher
• Philipp Frank (1884–1966), philosopher and physicist (member of the Vienna Circle)
• Edmund Husserl (1859–1938), philosopher (born in Prossnitz, Austria-Hungary)
• Wilhelm Jerusalem (1854–1923), philosopher, born in Drenitz, died in Vienna
• Hans Köchler (born 1948), philosopher, born in Schwaz
• Georg Kreisel (1923–2015), philosopher and mathematician
• Alexius Meinong (1853–1920), philosopher (theory of objects)
• Otto Neurath (1882–1945), socialist, economist and philosopher
• Karl Popper (1902–1994), philosopher (born in Austria, became British)
• Friedrich Waismann (1896–1959), mathematician, philosopher and physicist (member of the Vienna Circle)
• Otto Weininger (1880–1903), philosopher
• Felix Weltsch (1884–1964), journalist, philosopher, student of Christian von Ehrenfels
• Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951), philosopher, born in Vienna

Physicists, mathematicians and chemists

Erwin Schrödinger

Walter Kohn

Emil Artin

• Emil Artin (1898–1962), mathematician (Artin's conjecture)
• Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906), physicist, born in Vienna (Boltzmann constant)
• Fritjof Capra (born 1939), physicist, born in Vienna
• Carl Cori (1896–1984), born in Prague, Austria-Hungary, biochemist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1947
• Carl Djerassi (1923-2015), chemist, inventor of the pill
• Christian Doppler (1803–1853), physicist, born in Salzburg (See Doppler effect)
• Paul Ehrenfest (1880–1933), physicist and mathematician
• Felix Ehrenhaft (1879–1952), maverick physicist
• Josef Finger (1841–1925), physicist and mathematician
• Heinz von Foerster (1911–2002), cyberneticist
• Kurt Gödel (1906–1978), mathematician (born in Austria-Hungary, became naturalized U.S. citizen)
• Hans Hahn (1879–1934), mathematician (member of the Vienna Circle)
• Friedrich Hasenöhrl (1874–1915), physicist
• Victor Franz Hess (1883–1964), physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics
• Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin (1727–1817), chemist
• Walter Kohn (1923–2016), Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1998
• Georg Kreisel (1923–2015), philosopher and mathematician
• Hans Kronberger (1920-1970), nuclear physicist ^[8]
• Richard Kuhn (1900–1967), chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1938
• Robert von Lieben (1878-1913), physicist (Jewish father) ^[9]
• Johann Josef Loschmidt (1821–1895), physicist and chemist
• Ernst Mach (1838–1916), physicist and philosopher (Mach number)
• Lise Meitner (1878-1968), physicist, discovered nuclear fission of uranium with * Otto Hahn, namegiver of element 109 * meitnerium
• Richard von Mises (1883–1953), physicist (younger brother of Ludwig von Mises)
• John von Neumann (1903–1957), mathematician (Hungarian, Budapest-born)
• Wolfgang Pauli (1900–1958), physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics 1945
• Max Ferdinand Perutz (1914–2002), chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962
• Johanna Piesch (1898–1992), physicist, mathematician, pioneer in switching algebra
• Fritz Pregl (1869–1930), chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1923
• Erwin Schrödinger (1887–1961), physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics
• Heinrich Franz Friedrich Tietze (1880–1964), mathematician
• Victor Frederick Weisskopf (1908–2002), physicist; during World War II, worked at Los Alamos on the Manhattan Project to develop the atomic bomb; later campaigned against the proliferation of nuclear weapons ^[10]
• Carl Auer von Welsbach (1858–1929), chemist
• Gernot Zippe (1917–2008), physicist (developed Zippe-type centrifuge to extract uranium-235 for nuclear weapons)
• Richard Adolf Zsigmondy (1865–1929), chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1925 (Hungarian origin)

Physicians

Josef Breuer

• Alfred Adler (1870–1937), psychiatrist, father of Individual Psychology
• Hans Asperger (1906–1980), pediatrician who studied autism, person for whom Asperger syndrome is named
• Leopold Auenbrugger (1722–1809), physician (method of percussion)
• Robert Bárány (1876–1936), physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• Josef Breuer (1842–1925), physician (forerunner in psychoanalysis)
• Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow (1846–1891), physician and physiologist (studies of nerves and the brain)
• Viktor Frankl (1905–1997), psychiatrist, father of logotherapy
• Sigmund Freud (1856–1939), psychiatrist, father of psychoanalysis
• Karl von Frisch (1886–1982), physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• Leo Kanner (1894–1981), child psychiatrist
• Helen Singer Kaplan (1929-1995), sex therapist
• Karl Landsteiner (1886–1943), physician, serologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• Otto Loewi (1873–1961), pharmacologist (born in Germany, but spent 40 years of his life, from age 25, in Austria) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• Karol Ignacy Lorinser (1796–1853), physician
• Franz Mesmer (1734–1815), physician, developed an early form of hypnotism
• Paracelsus (1493–1541), (real name: Theophrast von Hohenheim), alchemist and physician
• Clemens von Pirquet (1874–1929), pediatrician and scientist in bacteriology and immunology
• Wilhelm Reich (1897–1957), psychiatrist
• Erwin Ringel (1921–1994), Austrian psychiatrist (presuicidal syndrome)
• Ignaz Semmelweis (1818–1865), physician (born in Hungary, Austria-Hungary)
• Julius Wagner-Jauregg (1857–1940), physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1927

Psychologists

Sigmund Freud

• Alfred Adler (1870-1937), founding member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society and founder of the school of individual psychology
• Viktor Frankl (1905-1997), psychiatrist and psychologist
• Anna Freud (1895-1982), Vienna-born child psychologist and daughter of Sigmund Freud
• Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), Moravian-born founder of psychoanalysis and neurologist ^[11]
• Marie Jahoda (1907-2001), psychologist ^[12]
• Helen Singer Kaplan (1929-1995), sex therapist ^[13]
• Melanie Klein (1882-1960), psychotherapy ^[14]
• Heinz Kohut (1913-1981), psychiatrist and psychoanalyst
• Wilhelm Reich (1897-1957), psychiatry and psychoanalysis ^[15]
• Paul Watzlawick (1921–2007), communication theory

Other scientists

Leo Reinisch

• Othenio Abel (1875–1946), paleontologist
• Karl von Czyhlarz (1833–1914), Czech-Austrian jurist
• Sir Otto Frankel (1900-1998), geneticist ^[16]
• Martin Gerzabek (born 1961), ecologist and soil scientist
• Helene Gröger-Wurm (1921–2005), Austrian-born Australian ecologist
• Hans Hass (1919–2013), biologist and diving pioneer
• Max Hecker (1879–1964), Austrian-born Israeli President of the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
• Eric Kandel (born 1929), neuroscientist, winner of 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• Hans Kelsen (1881–1973), jurist (father of the Austrian constitution)
• Konrad Lorenz (1903–1989), zoologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• Gregor Mendel (1822–1884), pioneer of genetics
• Karl Koller (1857-1944), ophthalmologist; first to use cocaine as an anaesthetic ^[17]
• Julius Pokorny (1887–1970), linguist
• Leo Reinisch (1832–1919), linguist, Africanist and Egyptologist
• Rupert Riedl (1925–2005), zoologist

Sports

Main article: List of Austrian sportspeople

Eva Duldig

Ernst Grünfeld

Niki Lauda

Dominic Thiem

Michaela Dorfmeister

Otto Wahle

Eva Pawlik

• Margarete Adler (1896–1990), swimmer, Olympic bronze medalist (4x100m freestyle relay) ^[18]
• David Alaba (born 1992), footballer, winner of 2012–13 UEFA Champions League with FC Bayern Munich
• Felix Baumgartner (born 1969), world record setting skydiver
• Gerhard Berger (born 1959), racing driver
• Richard Bergmann (1919–1970), seven-time world table tennis champion, ITTF Hall of Fame
• Hedy Bienenfeld (1907–1976), Austrian-American Olympic swimmer
• Albert Bogen (Albert Bógathy) (1882–1961), saber fencer, Olympic silver medalist
• Fritzi Burger (1910–1999), figure skater, two-time Olympic silver medalist, two-time World silver medalist
• Hans Dobida (1929–2025), inductee into the IIHF Hall of Fame
• Michaela Dorfmeister (born 1973), alpine skier
• Eva Duldig (born 1938), Austrian-born Australian and Dutch tennis player, author
• Erich Eliskases (1913–1997), chess grandmaster
• Robert Fein (1907–1975), Olympic Champion weightlifter
• Otto Fischer (1901–1941), footballer and coach
• Siegfried Flesch (1872–1939), sabre fencer, Olympic bronze medalist
• Toni Fritsch (1945–2005), soccer and football player who won the Super Bowl in 1972
• Michael Grabner (born 1987), NHL player
• Ernst Grünfeld (1893–1962), chess grandmaster
• Gunther (wrestler) (born 1987), professional wrestler signed to WWE
• Alfred Guth (1908–1996), Austrian-born American water polo player, swimmer, and Olympic modern pentathlete
• Hans Haas (1906–1973), Olympic champion weightlifter (lightweight), silver medalist
• Tunç Hamarat (born 1946), correspondence chess world champion (2004)
• Ernst Happel (1925–1992), football player and coach
• Judith Haspel (born "Judith Deutsch"; 1918–2004), held every Austrian women's middle and long-distance freestyle record in 1935 ^[19]
• Otto Herschmann (1877–1942), two-time Olympic silver medalist (in saber fencing/team sabre and 100m freestyle)
• Hansi Hinterseer (born 1954), skier, singer, actor, entertainer
• Nickolaus Hirschl (1906–1991), two-time Olympic bronze medalist in wrestling (heavyweight freestyle and Greco-Roman), shot put and discus junior champion, weightlifting junior champion, and pentathlon champion
• Felix Kaspar (1915–2003), figure skater, Olympic bronze medalist
• Franz Klammer (born 1953), Olympic alpine ski champion
• Alfred König (1913–1987), Austrian-Turkish Olympic sprinter
• Hans Krankl (born 1953), football player and coach
• Ruth Langer (1921–1999), Austrian national champion swimmer who refused to attend the 1936 Summer Olympics, along with Judith Haspel and Lucie Goldner
• Niki Lauda (1949–2019), Formula One race car driver and aviation entrepreneur
• Fritzi Löwy (1910–1994), Austrian Olympic swimmer
• Hermann Maier (born 1972), Olympic alpine ski champion
• Alex Manninger (born 1977), professional footballer for Arsenal F.C., winner of 1997–98 FA Premier League title
• Helmut Marko (1943–), former driver and current advisor to Red Bull Racing
• Klara Milch (born 1970), swimmer, Olympic bronze medalist (4x100m freestyle relay)
• Uberto De Morpurgo (1896–1961), Austrian-born Italian tennis player
• Annemarie Moser-Pröll (born 1953), alpine skier
• Thomas Muster (born 1967), tennis champion
• Paul Neumann (1875–1932), Olympic champion swimmer (500m freestyle)
• Fred Oberlander (born 1996), wrestler; world champion (freestyle heavyweight); Maccabiah champion
• Eva Pawlik (1927–1983), European figure skating Champion, World and Olympic runner-up, show star, actress, the world's first female sports commentator on TV (from 1962–1972)
• Felix Pipes (1887–1983), tennis player, Olympic silver medalist (doubles)
• Maxim Podoprigora (born 1978), Olympic swimmer
• Jakob Pöltl (born 1995), basketball player; played two seasons of U.S. college basketball at Utah before declaring for the 2016 NBA draft
• Ellen Preis (1912–2007), foil fencer, three-time world champion (1947, 1949, and 1950), Olympic champion, 17-time Austrian champion
• Herbert Prohaska (born 1955), football player and coach
• Roland Ratzenberger (1960–1994), race car driver, Formula One driver
• Jochen Rindt (1942–1970), race car driver, 1970 Formula One World Champion (posthumous)
• Marcel Sabitzer (born 1994), footballer
• Toni Sailer (1935–2009), Alpine skier, earned the Triple Crown of Alpine Skiing (by winning all three gold medals) at 1956 Olympic Games
• Otto Scheff (born "Otto Sochaczewsky"; 1889–1956), Olympic champion swimmer (400m freestyle) and two-time bronze medalist (400m freestyle, 1,500m freestyle)
• Max Scheuer (1895–1941), footballer; national team
• Werner Schlager (born 1972), 2003 Table Tennis World Champion
• Carl Schlechter (1874–1918), chess grandmaster
• Gregor Schlierenzauer (born 1990), ski jumper, Olympic bronze medalist, World and 4 Hills Tournament champion
• Heinrich Schönfeld (1900–1976), football player
• Matthias Sindelar (1903–1939), footballer
• Wilhelm Steinitz (1836–1900), winner of first-ever world chess championship in 1886
• Josephine Sticker (1894–1963), swimmer, Olympic bronze medalist (4x100m freestyle relay)
• Rudolf Spielmann (1883–1942), chess grandmaster
• Herma Szabo (1902–1986), Olympic and five-time World figure skating champion
• Dominic Thiem (born 1993), top-20 tennis player and Grand Slam Champion (Men's Singles, US Open 2020)
• Nicole Trimmel (born 1982), kickboxing champion
• Thomas Vanek (born 1984), NHL hockey player for the Montreal Canadiens
• Anita Wachter (born 1967 in Schruns), Olympic alpine ski champion
• Otto Wahle (1879–1963), swimmer, two-time Olympic silver medalist (1,000m freestyle, 200m obstacle race) and Olympic bronze medalist (400m freestyle); inducted into International Swimming Hall of Fame
• Walter Wasservogel (1919–1993), inductee into the IIHF Hall of Fame
• Toto Wolff (1972–), motorsport executive, currently team principle of Mercedes-Benz

Writers

Main article: List of Austrian writers

See also: List of Austrian women writers

Joseph Roth

Christine Nöstlinger

Hugo von Hofmannsthal

Marion Wiesel

• Ingeborg Bachmann ^[20] (1926–1973), poet
• Hermann Bahr (1863–1934), playwright, novelist
• Ludwig Bemelmans (1898–1962), author of the Madeline books
• Thomas Bernhard (1931–1989), ^[20] dramatist, novelist, poet, born in Cloister Heerlen, Netherlands
• Hermann Broch ^[20] (1886–1951), novelist
• Max Brod (1884–1968), writer, born in Prague, Austria-Hungary, (Bohemia, present-day Czech Republic), wrote in German
• Heimito von Doderer (1896–1966), writer, born in Hadersdorf-Weidlingau near Vienna
• Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach (1830–1916), writer (style: psychological novelist)
• Franz Grillparzer (1791–1872), poet, Vienna
• Robert Hamerling (1830–1889), poet
• Peter Handke ^[20] (born 1942), author, born in Griffen (Carinthia)
• Hugo von Hofmannsthal ^[20] (1874–1929), dramatist, writer
• Martin Horváth (born 1967), writer
• Franz Kafka (1883–1924), novelist, born in Prague, Austria-Hungary
• Marie-Thérèse Kerschbaumer (born 1936), novelist, poet
• Werner Kofler (1947–2011), novelist and dramatist
• Karl Gottfried Ritter von Leitner (1800–1890), poet, writer, born in Graz
• Alexander Lernet-Holenia (1897–1976), novelist, poet, dramatist, critic
• Olga Misař (1876–1950), peace activist, feminist, writer
• Robert Musil ^{[20] [21]} (1880–1942), writer
• Johann Nestroy (1801–1862), playwright
• Christine Nöstlinger (1936–2018), writer (especially literature for children)
• Ferdinand Raimund (1790–1836), writer and dramatist
• Christoph Ransmayr (born 1954), writer
• Rainer Maria Rilke (1875–1926), ^[20] poet and novelist, born in Prague, (Bohemia, present-day Czech Republic)
• Peter Rosegger (1843–1918), writer, teacher & Styrian hero and visionary
• Joseph Roth ^[20] (1894–1939), novelist
• Arthur Schnitzler ^[20] (1862–1931), novelist and playwright
• Adalbert Stifter (1805–1868), ^[22] poet and artist
• Bertha von Suttner (1843–1914), writer and pacifist Nobel Peace Prize winner, born in Prague, (Bohemia, present-day Czech Republic)
• Georg Trakl ^[20] (1887–1914), poet
• Josef Weinheber (1892–1945), poet and essayist
• Marion Wiesel (born Mary Renate Erster; 1931–2025), Austrian-American Holocaust survivor, humanitarian, writer, and translator

People of the Nazi Party and regime

• Critic of the Nazi Regime: Stefan Zweig (1881–1942), novelist and playwright

Amon Göth

• Amon Göth (1908–1946), commandant of the Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp and executed Nazi war criminal
• Aribert Heim (1914–1992), physician ("Dr. Death") in the Mauthausen concentration camp
• Adolf Hitler (1889–1945), leader of the Nazi Party and Nazi Germany
• Ernst Kaltenbrunner (1903–1946), high ranking SS officer and Nazi war criminal
• Arthur Seyss-Inquart (1892–1946), Reich Commissioner of the Netherlands

Otto von Habsburg

Other notables

Julius von Payer

• Maria Altmann (1916–2011), niece of Adele Bloch-Bauer
• Oscar Baumann (1864–1899), explored the interior of German East Africa (present-day Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi)
• Robert Bernardis (1908–1944), resistance fighter during WW2 (July 20 Plot)
• Edward Bernays (1891–1995), Austrian-American pioneer in public relations, referred to in his obituary as "the father of public relations"
• Adele Bloch-Bauer (1881–1925), subject of famous painting by Gustav Klimt
• Josef Fritzl (born 1935), notorious rapist
• Hugo Haberfeld (1875–1946), Jewish art dealer and gallery owner
• Otto von Habsburg (1912–2011), politician, writer, heir to the thrones of Austria-Hungary
• Theodor Herzl (1860–1904), "father of Zionism", lived most of his life in Austria
• Alois Hitler (1837–1903), father of Adolf Hitler
• Klara Hitler (1860–1907), mother of Adolf Hitler
• Andreas Hofer (1767–1810), Tyrolian freedom fighter (against Napoleon)
• Sylvie di Giusto, professional Speaker, Consultant and Author
• Heinrich Kanner (1864–1930), journalist and editor of the newspaper "Die Zeit" in the k.u.k. Monarchy
• Alma Mahler (1879–1964), wife and muse to Mahler, Gropius, Werfel
• Andreas Maislinger (born 1955), founder of the Austrian Holocaust Memorial Service
• Erna Patak (1871–1955), Zionist, social worker
• Julius von Payer (1841–1915), polar explorer
• Wolfgang Puck (born 1949), celebrity chef and restaurateur
• Max Reinhardt (1873–1943), renowned theatre director
• Sister Maria Restituta (1894–1943), nun and nurse murdered by the Nazis
• Günther Schifter (1923–2008), radio personality
• Oskar Schindler (1908–1974), industrialist and famous World War II hero (saved his Jewish factory workers from Auschwitz), born in Svitavy, Moravia
• Otto Skorzeny (1908–1975), Nazi commando (rescuer of Benito Mussolini)
• Wolfgang Streitenberger (born 1952), European Commission senior official
• Carl Szokoll (1915–2004), resistance fighter ("saviour of Vienna"), author and film producer
• Georg Ludwig von Trapp (1880–1947), head of The Sound of Music family
• Franz Viehböck (born 1960), cosmonaut
• Hede von Trapp (1877–1947), painter artist
• Karl Weyprecht (1838–1881), polar explorer
• Simon Wiesenthal (1908–2005), pre-eminent Nazi hunter
• Walter Wolf (born 1939), business person

See also

• List of Austrian Jews
• List of Austrian inventors and discoverers
• List of Germans
• List of Slovenians
• List of Hungarians
• List of Croatians
• List of Serbs
• List of Czechs
• List of Slovaks
• List of Poles
• List of Swiss
• List of people by nationality

References

1. Gombrich, E. H. (2006). The Story of Art (16th ed.). Phaidon. pp. 439–440. ISBN   978-0714847030.
2. "The 50 Greatest Composers of All Time". BBC Music Magazine. 30 January 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
3. Tommasini, Anthony (21 January 2011). "The Greatest". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
4. "The 21st Century's 100 Greatest Films". BBC. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
5. "The 100 Greatest Films of All Time". Sight & Sound. Archived from the original on September 2, 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
6. Hillier, Jim, ed. (1985). "Cahiers du Cinéma Annual Best Films Listings 1955-9". Cahiers du Cinéma: The 1950s: Neo-Realism, Hollywood, New Wave. Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Harvard University Press. pp. 286–287. ISBN   0-674--09060-8.
7. Hillier, Jim, ed. (1985). "Cahiers du Cinéma Annual Best Films Listings 1955-9". Cahiers du Cinéma: The 1950s: Neo-Realism, Hollywood, New Wave. Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Harvard University Press. p. 288. ISBN   0-674--09060-8.
8. Concise Dictionary of National Biography : "born in Linz, Austria, of Jewish parents"
9. "Lieben". Archived from the original on 2009-10-27.
10. Archived 2005-04-26 at the Wayback Machine "Growing up in Vienna in a well-to-do Jewish family..." Archived 2006-02-23 at the Wayback Machine "One of the most brilliant Jewish scientists to be driven from Germany by Nazi persecution..."
11. [Gresser, Moshe. Dual Allegiance: Freud As a Modern Jew. SUNY Press, 1994, p. 225]
12. "Women in Psychology". Archived from the original on 2006-09-06. Retrieved 2007-03-21.
13. Saxon, Wolfgang (1995-08-19). "Dr. Helen Kaplan, 66, Dies; Pioneer in Sex Therapy Field". The New York Times. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
14. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Vienna of Jewish parentage"
15. Gay, Miriam (2007). "Reich, Wilhelm". In Berenbaum, Michael; Skolnik, Fred (eds.). Encyclopaedia Judaica . Vol. 17 (2nd ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference. p. 198-199. ISBN   978-0-02-866097-4.
16. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2006-10-02. Retrieved 2007-03-21.
17. "Dr Koller, discoverer of cocaine as a local anaesthetic in ophthalmology". Archived from the original on 2007-04-27. Retrieved 2007-04-11.
18. Horvitz, Peter S. (April 2007). The Big Book of Jewish Sports Heroes: An Illustrated Compendium of Sports History and The 150 Greatest Jewish Sports Stars. SP Books. ISBN   9781561719075 . Retrieved December 20, 2010.
19. "Diving into troubled waters", Paul Kalina, The Age, November 24, 2005. Retrieved January 1, 2011.
20. Bloom, Harold (1994). The Western Canon: The Books and School of the Ages. NY/San Diego/London: Harcourt Brace & Company. pp. 555–556. ISBN   978-1-57322-514-4.
21. "The Top 100 Books of All Time". The Guardian. 8 May 2002. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
22. Bloom, Harold (1994). The Western Canon: The Books and School of the Ages. NY/San Diego/London: Harcourt Brace & Company. p. 544. ISBN   978-1-57322-514-4.