Possibly the earliest known violin by Stradivari. The instrument was last sold by J & A Beare. One of a few instruments that has a connection between Stradivarius and Nicola Amati, with whom Stradivarius may have worked as an apprentice. The violin includes the label Alumnus Nicolais Amati.[1]
ex-Sachs
c. 1666
Madame Sachs
Historically important and one of the earliest known violins by Stradivari. In 2008 for sale by Poesis Fine Instruments.[2]
ex Back
c. 1666
Fridart Foundation
The violin shows influence from Amati and the model is based on Amati's violins, but the narrow purfling differs from Amati's style.[3]
Though listed in many reference books as one of Stradivari's earliest instruments, the modern consensus is that it is not a Stradivarius; it was sold at Sotheby's New York on 3 February 1982 as "an interesting violin".[11]
Canadian
1668
Sold at Kenneth Warren & Son in Chicago (1991).[12][13]
Previously owned by David Oistrakh, who inherited it in 1969 under the will of Queen Elisabeth. He never performed with this instrument, constructed in the Nicola Amati style, because of the short scale, uncomfortable for his hand. Oistrakh's widow presented the violin to the Glinka Museum.[18] It was stolen in May 1996, but recovered in 2001.[19]
This violin, and the Paganini-Conte Cozio di Salabue violin of 1727, the Paganini-Mendelssohn viola 1731 and the Paganini-Ladenburg cello of 1736, comprise the Paganini Quartet; the foundation owns more than a dozen Stradivari instruments. On loan to Florian Schötz from Goldmund Quartet.
1680
The collection of Mr & Mrs Rin Kei Mei.
1681
Reynier and Count de Lachenais
Presumably presented by Napoleon III to the French violinist Léon Reynier, who sold it to Count de Lachenais of Marseilles in 1881. By the intermediary of Albert Caressa, it became part of the collection of John Wanamaker in 1924, when it was acquired by the Rudolph Wurlitzer Co. in 1929. Its last known owner was Miles Franklin Yount. Reynier also owned a 1727 violin (see below).[23]
Fleming
1681
Bucher
1683
On loan to Alma Deutscher since 2019. The loan is administered by the Tarisio Trust.
c. 1875: from George Parsons to Hart & Son (London)
c. 1900: John Lawson (Liverpool)
c. 1910: Anonymous, lent to Marie Law
1921: Robert A. Bower (Somerset, UK)
1924: Rudolph Wurlitzer Company (Cincinnati, Ohio)
1927: J. Mariano Bello (Mexico)
1997: Anonymous
2012: Italian collector from Rare Violins New York auction
On loan to Maristella Patuzzi.[29] The Stradivari was used to record the Decca album Intimamente Tango (2015, No. 481 1489) and a new Violin concerto by Manuel De Sica published by Brilliant Classics (2014, No. 94905).
Part of a duo of violins (Spanish I and II) referred to as los Decorados and los Palatinos; also collectively known as del Cuarteto Real (The Royal Quartet) when included with the Spanish Court viola (1696) and cello (1694).
Part of a duo of violins (Spanish I and II) referred to as los Decorados and los Palatinos; also collectively known as del Cuarteto Real (The Royal Quartet) when included with the Spanish Court viola (1696) and cello (1694).
Previously owned by conductor Paavo Berglund. Purchased from Berglund's estate by the Finnish Cultural Foundation in June 2012.[58] On loan to Antti Tikkanen.[59]
Previously owned by conductor Paavo Berglund. Purchased from Berglund's estate by the Finnish Cultural Foundation in June 2012.[61] On loan to Antti Tikkanen.[62]
On loan to Nikki Chooi[65] who was from 2009–2012 the recipient of the Council's 1729 Guarneri, now on loan to Chooi's younger brother Timothy Chooi.[66]
Loaned to Pavel Berman.[75] Previously owned by David Oistrakh (1959–1966). After the 1736 Yusupov it was his second Strad, bought in Paris in 1959 and traded in 1966 for the 1705 Marsick.[18]
Owned by Baron Liebig from 1911; Owned by Wolfgang Schneiderhan from 1952–1991; Owned by Rony Rogoff (1991–2004)[101] Currently owned by Dkfm Angelika Prokopp Privatstiftung,[101] on loan to Julian Rachlin.[102]
Previously played by Elisabetta Garetti. Now played by Roman Simovic, Leader of the London Symphony Orchestra, courtesy of Jonathan Moulds, Chair of the LSO Advisory Council.[118][119]
Parisian dealer Jean Baptiste Vuillaume took it apart in the 19th century and added a tailpiece with a carving of Joan of Arc, the virgin warrior known as La Pucelle.[33]
In 1913 luthiers of Caressa & Français wrote a letter stating that the violin was "fully authentic, totally guaranteed and in a remarkable state of conservation"[124]
The violin is sometimes classified as the "Dancla Milstein" because it owned and used in performances by American virtuoso violinist Nathan Milstein.[125]
This is a 'Violino piccolo' from 1712 – slightly shorter than a regular violin, measuring 475mm from top to bottom, 100mm shorter than a regular instrument.[33]
Sold at Sotheby's auction on 13 November 2001. From November 2015 to January 2016 was on loan to Kiril Laskarov, concertmaster of the Arkansas Symphony Orchestra.[132]
Karpilowsky
1712
Harry Solloway
Missing: stolen in 1953 from Solloway's residence in Los Angeles.[133]
On loan to Ray Chen. Named the "Dolphin" in the 19th century by George Hart, because the back of the violin, with its shape and its shimmering colour, reminded him of a dolphin. Estimated value 4 million euros.
On exhibition at the Oxford Ashmolean Museum; made from the same tree as a P.G. Rogeri violin of 1710.[150] It is considered to be the only remaining Stradivarius violin in as new state.
Formerly owned by John Corigliano Sr. (former concertmaster of the New York Philharmonic). On loan to Mincho Minchev 1977-2024. Now loaned to Svetlin Roussev till 2029.
Gariel
1717
Luigi Tarisio sold the ‘Gariel’ Stradivarius to another famous violin dealer, Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume, who in turn sold it to the eminent French engineer, physician and founder member of the Academy of Science in Paris, Charles-Marie Gariel, the instrument’s namesake. Gariel likely sold it on shortly before his death in 1924.
Named for Lady Anne Blunt, daughter of Ada Lovelace (and granddaughter of Lord Byron). The Lady Blunt was last sold at London auction house Tarisio on 20 June 2011 for £9,808,000 (US$15.9 million), with proceeds going to the Nippon Foundation's Northeastern Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Relief Fund.[159][160]
Formerly owned by Metropolitan Museum of Art. Joan Field, an American violinist (1915–1988) also known as one of its owners, played the Birsou from 1921 to 1929. In 2002, Joshua Bell recorded O'mio Babbino Caro on the Birsou.
Loaned to Ray Chen through Young Concert Artists from 2008 to 2012; on loan to Ning Feng through Premiere Performances of Hong Kong (2012–present).[162]
Bought by the American violinist Jules Falk in 1907. A child prodigy, Falk joined the Philadelphia Orchestra under Stokowski aged 17 and was later music director of the Steel Pier in Atlantic City. He played this Stradivarius violin until his death in 1957.
Christophe Kiesewetter Clement and Karen Arrison.[166]
On loan to Philippe Quint brokered by the Stradivari Society.[24] Left by Quint in taxi on 21 April 2008 and recovered the following day. Since 2010, on loan to Augustin Hadelich, through the Stradivari Society of Chicago.
Owned by Cozio di Salabue, it was sold to Niccolò Paganini in 1817, at his death in 1840 by his son to Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume, then to Pablo de Sarasate who bequeathed it in 1909 to the Conservatoire de Musique in memory of his student days. On display at the museum.[169][170]
Ex-Szigeti, Ludwig
1724
Bears the inscription: "Antonius Stradivarius Cremonensis faciebat Anno 1724". Since 1989 in the possession of the Landesbank Baden-Württemberg and is awarded to musicians to use.
ex-Kavakos, Abergavenny
1724
Leonidas Kavakos played it from 2010 to 2017.
Brancaccio
1725
Destroyed in an allied air raid on Berlin.
Owned by Carl Flesch until 1928; sold to Franz von Mendelssohn, banker and amateur violinist.[171]
Caroline Powers Thomas (Scarsdale NY) (1928–1960s)[173]
Owned by French artist/musician Jean-Jacques Grasset until his death in 1839, owned and played by amateur musician Meugy and later owned and played by Miss Lubbock establishing its sobriquet as Lubbock.
This violin, and the Paganini-Desaint violin of 1680, the Paganini-Mendelssohn viola of 1731 and the Paganini-Ladenburg cello of 1736, comprise the Paganini Quartet. On loan to Pinchas Adt from Goldmund Quartet.
A copy of this instrument was produced in 1996 by Gregg Alf and Joseph Curtin, using modern materials and methods;[182] Balogh performs on both the 1728 original and the replica.[183]
On loan to Timothy Chooi,[65] the younger brother of the 2009–2012 loan recipient Nikki Chooi, in 2012 named recipient of the Council's 1700 Taft Stradivari[66]
Sold for $338,500 at Christie's, New York, in October 2008.[189]
Ex-Neveu
1730
Marcel Vatelot
Produced by Omobono Stradivari. Purchased by Ginette Neveu in 1935 in order to enter the Wieniawski Competition. Was lost in a 1949 aircraft crash in the Azores along with Neveu.[190]
Genevieve Vedder donated the instrument to UCLA's music department in the 1960s. In 1967, the instrument was on loan to David Margetts. Whether it was left on the roof of his car or stolen is uncertain, but for 27 years the violin was considered missing until it was recovered from an amateur violinist who claimed to have found it on a freeway. A settlement was made and the Stradivarius was returned to UCLA in 1995.[196][197][198]
Stolen in 1981, found June 2015,[203] returned to Totenberg family on 6 August 2015.[204][205][206] As of October 2018, it has been sold to an unknown author.[207]
Stolen from Ysaÿe during a concert in St. Petersburg in 1908; he had left it in the dressing room unattended. It reappeared at a shop in Paris in 1925. In 1972 Szeryng donated the instrument as Kinor David (David's fiddle) to the City of Jerusalem. According to his wish, the violin is to be played by the concertmaster of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra.[208]
Collectively known as el Cuarteto Real (The Royal Quartet) when included with the violin duo los Decorados (Spanish I and II) and the Spanish Court cello of 1694.
Purchased as part of a quartet of Stradivari for $200,000 by banker Felix M. Warburg in the 1920s. The quartet was frequently loaned to the Musical Art Quartet for performances, where it was played by Louis Kaufman.[142]
Was to be sold at auction through London musical instruments auction house Ingles & Hayday[220] in conjunction with Sotheby's in Spring 2014 via silent auction. Winning bid was to be announced on 25 June 2014, but the instrument failed to attract a buyer matching the minimum bid of $45 million.[221][222]
This viola, and the Paganini-Desaint violin of 1680, the Paganini-Conte Cozio di Salabue violin of 1727 and the Paganini-Ladenburg cello of 1736, comprise the Paganini Quartet. On loan to Christoph Vandory from Goldmund Quartet. Formerly part of the von Mendelssohn family quartet of Stradivari's in Berlin.
Gibson
1734
Habisreutinger Foundation
Currently on loan to violist Ursula Sarnthein of the Swiss string trio Trio Oreade.
Cellos
Antonio Stradivari built between 70 and 80 cellos in his lifetime, of which 63 are extant.
Displayed to the public in the Museo degli Strumenti Musicali as part of the collection of the Conservatorio Luigi Cherubini, accessed through the Galleria dell'Accademia; part of the Medici Quintet.[216] The Medici Cello is one of the only three surviving Stradivari cellos of large dimensions that have not been reduced in size[230]
Collectively known as Quinteto Real or Quinteto Palatino (The Royal Quintet or Palace Quintet) when included with the violin duo, los Decorados (Spanish I and II 1687–1689), Bajo Palatino cello of 1700 and the Spanish Court viola of 1696. Is the original quartet. See Juan Ruiz Casaux.
collectively known as Quinteto Palatino or Quinteto Palatino (The Royal Quintet or Palace Quintet) when included with the violin duo, los Decorados (Spanish I and II), Spanish Court cello of 1694 and the Spanish Court viola of 1696.
Stolen by the Nazis from Gustav Bloch-Bauer in 1938, and remained with the German authorities until 1956.[240] The cello features in the movie Woman in Gold, being played by Bloch-Bauer, who had been loaned the instrument for life by the Rothschild family.[241]
Formerly owned by Amaryllis Fleming, half sister to writers Ian and Peter Fleming. Neck, head and table are not original, after extensive repairs in the 18th century by the Spanish luthier José Contreras;[244][245] auctioned in 2008.[246]
Owned by Olive-Charlier Vaslin from 1827-1869.[248]
Displayed at the South Kensington Special Exhibition of 1872. [248] Purchased as part of a quartet of Stradivari for $200,000 by banker Felix M. Warburg in the 1920s. The quartet was frequently loaned to the Musical Art Quartet for performances, where it was played by Marie Roemaet-Rosanov.[142]
Formerly owned by Hugo Becker and Audrey Melville, who bequeathed it to the RAM in 1960. Melville's friend, Zara Nelsova, held it until her death in 2002, as a condition of Melville's bequest. Currently on loan to Steven Isserlis.[249][250][251]
Comte de Saveuse
1726
Comte de Saveuse d'Abbeville, Edward Latter, Archibald Hartnell, Michael Edmonds, subsequently lent to Michael Evans.
This cello, and the Paganini-Desaint violin of 1686, the Paganini-Conte Cozio di Salabue violin of 1727 and the Paganini-Mendelssohn viola of 1731, comprise the Paganini Quartet. On loan to Raphael Paratore from Goldmund Quartet .
Guitars
Five[256] complete guitars by Stradivari exist, and a few fragments of others– including the neck of a sixth guitar, owned by the Conservatoire de Musique in Paris.[257] These guitars have ten (doubled, five-course) strings, which was typical of the era.
Currently the only playable Stradivari guitar. Contemporary to the early painted violins "Sunrise" and "Hellier". Like many other baroque guitars, it had been redesigned to follow the instrumental practice at the beginning of the 19th century. Recently it was restored by Lorenzo Frignani to the original baroque configuration with five-course strings.[256]
A Stradivarius bow, The King Charles IV Violin Bow attributed to the Stradivari Workshop, is currently in the collection of the National Music Museum Object number: 04882, at the University of South Dakota in Vermillion, South Dakota. The Rawlins Gallery violin bow, NMM 4882, is attributed to the workshop of Antonio Stradivari, Cremona, c. 1700. This is one of two bows attributed to the workshop of Antonio Stradivari. The other was part of the Amaryllis Fleming Collection, the Paul Rosenbaum Collection, and the Maurice and Marta Clare Collection. It is currently in a private collection in Munich.[264]
Related Research Articles
Antonio Stradivari was an Italian luthier and a craftsman of string instruments such as violins, cellos, guitars, violas and harps. The Latinized form of his surname, Stradivarius, as well as the colloquial Strad are terms often used to refer to his instruments. It is estimated that Stradivari produced 1,116 instruments, of which 960 were violins. Around 650 instruments survive, including 450 to 512 violins. His instruments are considered some of the finest ever made, and are extremely valuable collector's items.
A Stradivarius is one of the string instruments, such as violins, violas, cellos, and guitars, crafted by members of the Stradivari family, particularly Antonio Stradivari, in Cremona, Italy, during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. These instruments are known for their craftsmanship, tonal quality, and lasting legacy, and are considered some of the finest ever made. Stradivari's violins, in particular, are coveted by musicians and collectors, with many selling for millions of dollars.
The Duport Stradivarius is a cello made in 1711 by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona. The instrument is named after Jean-Louis Duport, who played it from around 1800 until his death.
Giovanni Battista Guadagnini was an Italian luthier, regarded as one of the finest craftsmen of string instruments in history. He is widely considered the third greatest maker after Antonio Stradivari and Giuseppe Guarneri "del Gesù". The Guadagnini family was known for their violins, guitars and mandolins.
The Lipinski Stradivarius is an antique violin constructed in 1715 by the Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona, during Stradivari's "golden period" between 1700 and 1725. There are fewer than 650 extant Stradivarius violins in the world today, and the Lipinski is considered to be a particularly fine example. In 2012, it was appraised at US$5 million.
The Otto Booth; Cho-Ming Sin Stradivarius of 1716 is an antique violin fabricated by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari (1644–1737) of Cremona. The original label of the instrument was "Antonius Stradivarius Cremonensis faciebat Anno 1716". The Booth Stradivarius has a two-piece back and has a body length of 35.4 cm.
The Ames Stradivarius of 1734 is an antique violin, made by the Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona. It is one of only 450–700 known extant Stradivarius instruments in the world. The Ames is named for violinist George Ames who owned it and performed with it in the late nineteenth century.
The Muntz Stradivarius is an antique violin crafted by Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644–1737) in 1736. The label affixed to this instrument bears the inscription, “d'anni 92”, possibly handwritten by Stradivari himself. It has also been suggested that Count Cozio di Salabue, a subsequent owner, made this inscription. The Muntz which has a solid reputation for its excellent condition and tonal quality, takes its name from a man who owned it in the late 19th century, H. M. Muntz. He was a collector and amateur violinist who lived in Birmingham, England. The Muntz, among the last of the instruments made by Stradivari, is currently owned by the Nippon Music Foundation.
Bartolomeo Giuseppe "del Gesù" Guarneri was an Italian luthier from the Guarneri family of Cremona. He rivals Antonio Stradivari (1644–1737) with regard to the respect and reverence accorded his instruments, and for many prominent players and collectors his instruments are the most coveted of all. Instruments made by Guarneri are often referred to as Del Gesùs.
Francesco Rugeri, also known as Ruger, Rugier, Rugeri, Ruggeri, Ruggieri, Ruggerius, was the first of an important family of luthiers, the Casa Rugeri in Cremona, Italy. His instruments are masterfully constructed. His violins are inspired by Nicolò Amati's "Grand Amati" pattern. Francesco was the first to develop a smaller cello design, which has become the standard for modern cello dimensions. Today, Rugeri's instruments are nearly as renowned as Nicolò Amati's instruments.
The Du Pré Stradivarius is an antique cello fabricated in 1673 by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644–1737). It has also been known generically as the 1673 Stradivarius, as it is the only cello made by Stradivari in that year.
The Lord Dunn–Raven Stradivarius of 1710 is an antique violin made by luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644–1737). It is one of 700 known existent Stradivari instruments. This violin is currently owned by violinist Anne-Sophie Mutter. The Lord Dunn-Raven was made during the Stradivari's "golden period". The violin is named after the Irish politician Windham Wyndham-Quin, 4th Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl.
The "General Kyd" is a nickname applied to several Stradivarius instruments crafted by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona and owned for a time by British General Alexander Kyd. They include a violin made in 1714, a violin made in 1720, and the General Kyd; ex-Stern Stradivarius cello made in 1684. These instruments have been owned and played by some of the world's leading musicians. The 1714 violin was owned from about 1980 to 1990 by Itzhak Perlman, who made most of his early recordings using this instrument. The 1720 violin's owners included composer Rebecca Clarke.
The Kiesewetter Stradivarius of circa 1723 is an antique violin fabricated by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644–1737). The instrument derives its name from its previous owner, German composer and violinist Christophe Gottfried Kiesewetter (1777–1827).
Hottinger Collection – formed in New York City by Henry Hottinger.
Tarisio is the world's largest seller of fine stringed instruments and bows. Founded in 1999 as an auction house that specializes in string instruments and bows, Tarisio now has locations in New York, London and Berlin and serves a global clientele.
Nicola Amati, Nicolò Amati or Nicolao Amati was an Italian master luthier from Cremona, Italy. Amati is one of the most well-known luthiers from the Casa Amati. He was the teacher of illustrious Cremonese School luthiers such as Andrea Guarneri and Giovanni Battista Rogeri. While no clear documentation exists for their being apprentices in his shop, Amati may also have apprenticed Antonio Stradivari, Francesco Rugeri, and Jacob Stainer, as their work is heavily influenced by Amati.
The Le Brun Stradivarius of 1712 is a violin made by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644–1737). It is the only violin from Stradivari’s golden period known to have been owned and played by the violinist Niccolò Paganini. When sold at a Sotheby's auction in London in November 2001 it achieved one of the highest prices ever paid for a violin at auction, and became the most expensive instrument in Europe.
Horace William Petherick (1839-1919) was an artist and illustrator, a violin connoisseur, and a writer. As an artist, four of his works are in public collections in the UK; as an illustrator, he illustrated over 100 books, some of which are still in print, and his work can be found in digital collections at the British Library, the Osborne Collection of Early Children's Books, and the Baldwin Library of Historical Children's Literature; as a violin connoisseur, he owned both a Stradivarius and a del Gesù; and as an author, three of his books are still in print.
Bein & Fushi, Inc. is a stringed instrument dealership and repair shop in Chicago founded in 1976, known internationally for its dealership of antique string instruments such as those made by luthiers Antonio Stradivari and Giuseppe Guarneri. Bein & Fushi includes the Stradivari Society, known for lending rare violins to young aspiring artists.
↑ "Strumento". Pavel Berman. Archived from the original on 26 February 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2009.
↑ "Anna Tifu". Belgrade Philharmonic Orchestra. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
↑ Riley, Maurice W.; Filippi, Elena Belloni (1991). "Italian Violists". The History of the Viola, Volume II. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Braun-Brumfield. p.196.
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