List of carnivorous plants

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Darlingtonia californica is a carnivorous plant, the sole member of the genus Darlingtonia in the family Sarraceniaceae. Darlingtonia californica ne1.JPG
Darlingtonia californica is a carnivorous plant, the sole member of the genus Darlingtonia in the family Sarraceniaceae.

This list of carnivorous plants is a comprehensive listing of all known carnivorous plant species, of which more than 750 are currently recognised. [1] Unless otherwise stated it is based on Jan Schlauer's Carnivorous Plant Database Archived 2016-09-18 at the Wayback Machine . Extinct taxa are denoted with a dagger (†).

Contents

Some of the species on this list may not satisfy certain strict definitions of plant carnivory, and could alternatively be characterised as merely paracarnivorous or protocarnivorous.

Extant species

Aldrovanda

Aldrovanda vesiculosa AldrovandaVesiculosaHabit.jpg
Aldrovanda vesiculosa

This genus contains a single extant species.

Brocchinia

This genus contains around 20 extant species, of which at least two are thought to be carnivorous.

Byblis

The following list of 8 species is based on Carnivorous Plants of Australia Magnum Opus (2013). [2]

Catopsis

This genus contains around 20 extant species, of which at least one is thought to be carnivorous.

Cephalotus

This genus contains a single extant species.

Darlingtonia

This genus contains a single extant species.

Dionaea

Dionaea muscipula Venus Flytrap showing trigger hairs.jpg
Dionaea muscipula

This genus contains a single extant species.

Drosera

There are around 208 species here:

Drosera binata Drosera binata.jpg
Drosera binata
Drosera derbyensis Drosera derbyensis ne1.JPG
Drosera derbyensis
Drosera hartmeyerorum DroseraHartmeyerorumSpecialGlands.jpg
Drosera hartmeyerorum
Drosera madagascariensis Drosera madagascariensis ne.jpg
Drosera madagascariensis
Drosera pedicellaris D pedicellaris1.JPG
Drosera pedicellaris
Drosera tokaiensis Drosera spatulata KansaiHabit.jpg
Drosera tokaiensis

Drosophyllum

Drosophyllum lusitanicum Drosophyllum lusitanicum b.jpg
Drosophyllum lusitanicum

This genus contains a single extant species.

Genlisea

The following list of 29 species is based on Monograph of the Genus Genlisea (2012). [3]

Genlisea violacea Genlisea violacea giant.jpg
Genlisea violacea

Heliamphora

The following list of 23 species (plus 2 undescribed species) is based on Sarraceniaceae of South America (2011). [4]

Heliamphora nutans Kew.gardens.pitcher.plant.heliamphora.arp.jpg
Heliamphora nutans

Nepenthes

The following list of 170 species (plus 2 undescribed species) is based on Pitcher Plants of the Old World (2009) [5] and New Nepenthes (2011), [6] with the addition of newly described species.

Nepenthes aristolochioides Nepenthes aristolochioides.jpg
Nepenthes aristolochioides
Nepenthes eymae Nepenthes eymae upper.jpg
Nepenthes eymae
Nepenthes rajah Nepenthes rajah.png
Nepenthes rajah
Nepenthes villosa Nepenthes villosa.jpg
Nepenthes villosa

Philcoxia

This genus contains seven extant species, all of which are thought to be carnivorous.

Pinguicula

Pinguicula moranensis Pinguicula moranensis.jpg
Pinguicula moranensis

Roridula

This genus contains two extant species.

Sarracenia

The following list of 8 species is based on Sarraceniaceae of North America (2011). [7]

Sarracenia oreophila Sarracenia oreophila ne3.jpg
Sarracenia oreophila

Some authorities additionally recognise up to three more species:

Stylidium

Around 300 species of Stylidium are currently recognised.

Stylidium bulbiferum 13872.Stylidiaceae - Stylidium bulbiferum.jpg
Stylidium bulbiferum
Stylidium dichotomum 13871.Stylidiaceae - Stylidium dichotomum.jpg
Stylidium dichotomum
Bud and scape of Stylidium fimbriatum displaying the trichomes that can trap and kill insects. Stylidium bud and scape.jpg
Bud and scape of Stylidium fimbriatum displaying the trichomes that can trap and kill insects.
Stlydium laricifolium print from William Jackson Hooker's 1823 Exotic Flora. Stylidium-laricifolium.jpg
Stlydium laricifolium print from William Jackson Hooker's 1823 Exotic Flora.
Stylidium productum Stylidium productum.JPG
Stylidium productum
Curtis's Botanical Magazine print of Stylidium scandens. Curtisstylidium.jpg
Curtis's Botanical Magazine print of Stylidium scandens.
Stylidium turbinatum StylidiumHabitus.jpg
Stylidium turbinatum

Triantha

This genus contains at least 4 species, one of which was reported to be carnivorous in 2021. [8]

Triphyophyllum

Triphyophyllum peltatum TriphyophyllumPeltatumTopview.jpg
Triphyophyllum peltatum

This genus contains a single extant species.

Utricularia

Utricularia bisquamata Utricularia bisquamata flora.jpg
Utricularia bisquamata
Utricularia dichotoma Utricularia dichotoma.jpg
Utricularia dichotoma
Utricularia inflata Utricularia (floating).gif
Utricularia inflata
Utricularia minor Utricularia minor USDA.jpg
Utricularia minor
Utricularia sandersonii Utriculariasandersoniibluete.JPG
Utricularia sandersonii
Utricularia warburgii Utricularia warburgii.jpg
Utricularia warburgii

Extinct species

Aldrovanda

Numerous extinct species of Aldrovanda have been described, all of which are known only from fossil pollen and seeds (with the exception of A. inopinata, which is also known from fossilised laminae).

†Archaeamphora

Artist's restoration of Archaeamphora longicervia. Archaeamphora longicervia.png
Artist's restoration of Archaeamphora longicervia .

This genus contains a single extinct species, described from fossilised leaf material. The identification of Archaeamphora as a pitcher plant (and therefore carnivorous plant) has been questioned by a number of authors. [4] [9] [10]

† Droserapites

This is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen.

† Droserapollis

This is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen.

† Droseridites

This is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen. Three species of the "Droseridites echinosporus group" have been transferred to the genus Nepenthes (see below).

† Fischeripollis

This is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen.

Nepenthes

Three species known only from fossil pollen and originally assigned to Droseridites have been transferred to the genus Nepenthes.

†Nepenthidites

This is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen. Droseridites major (Nepenthes major) and Droseridites parvus are considered synonyms of Nepenthidites laitryngewensis by some authorities. [11]

†Palaeoaldrovanda

This is a form taxon known only from what were originally described as fossil seeds. These supposed seeds have subsequently been identified as insect eggs. [9]

†Saxonipollis

This is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Lowrie, A. (2013). Preface. In: Carnivorous Plants of Australia Magnum Opus - Volume One . Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. xi–xiii. ISBN   978-1-908787-11-8.
  2. ↑ Lowrie, A. (2013). Byblis. In: Carnivorous Plants of Australia Magnum Opus - Volume One . Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 205–237. ISBN   978-1-908787-11-8.
  3. ↑ Fleischmann, A. (2012). Monograph of the Genus Genlisea. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. ISBN   978-190-878-700-2.
  4. 1 2 McPherson, S., A. Wistuba, A. Fleischmann & J. Nerz (2011). Sarraceniaceae of South America . Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. ISBN   978-0-9558918-7-8.
  5. ↑ McPherson, S.R. (2009). Pitcher Plants of the Old World . 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. ISBN   978-0-9558918-2-3. ISBN   978-0-9558918-3-0.
  6. ↑ McPherson, S.R. (2011). New Nepenthes: Volume One . Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. ISBN   978-0-9558918-9-2.
  7. ↑ McPherson, S. & D. Schnell (2011). Sarraceniaceae of North America. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. ISBN   978-0-9558918-6-1.
  8. ↑ Lin, Qianshi; Ané, Cécile; Givnish, Thomas J.; Graham, Sean W. (August 17, 2021). "A new carnivorous plant lineage (Triantha) with a unique sticky-inflorescence trap". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 118 (33) e2022724118. Bibcode:2021PNAS..11822724L. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2022724118 . PMC   8379919 . PMID   34373325.
  9. 1 2 Heřmanová, Z. & J. Kvaček (2010). Late Cretaceous Palaeoaldrovanda, not seeds of a carnivorous plant, but eggs of an insect Archived 2015-10-09 at the Wayback Machine . Journal of the National Museum (Prague), Natural History Series, 179(9): 105–118.
  10. ↑ Brittnacher, J. (2013). Phylogeny and biogeography of the Sarraceniaceae. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 42(3): 99–106.
  11. ↑ Saxena, R.K. & G.K. Trivedi (2006). A Catalogue of Tertiary Spores and Pollen from India. Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow.
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