On occasion, sports books have been used as source material for film adaptations. Popular sports in the United States such as baseball and American football have been adapted to film. Books about sports such as boxing, bullfighting, cockfighting, football, hockey, hunting have also been adapted.
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rhubarb | 1951 | Arthur Lubin | USA | Rhubarb | H. Allen Smith | 1946 | Novel |
Fever Pitch | 2005 | Farrelly Brothers | USA | Fever Pitch ♠ [2] | Nick Hornby | 1992 | Memoir |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Glory Road | 2006 | James Gartner | USA | Glory Road | Don Haskins | 2005 | Autobiography |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stay Hungry | 1976 | Bob Rafelson | USA | Stay Hungry | Charles Gaines | 1972 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
City for Conquest | 1940 | Anatole Litvak & Jean Negulesco (uncredited) | USA | City for Conquest | Aben Kandel | 1936 | Novel |
Gentleman Jim | 1942 | Raoul Walsh | USA | The Roar of the Crowd | James J. Corbett | 1894 | Autobiography |
Fat City | 1972 | John Huston | USA | Fat City | Leonard Gardner | 1969 | Novel |
Mandingo | 1975 | Richard Fleischer | USA | Mandingo | Kyle Onstott | 1957 | Novel |
Raging Bull [3] | 1980 | Martin Scorsese | USA | Raging Bull: My Story | Jake LaMotta & Joseph Carter | 1970 | Autobiography |
The Hurricane | 1999 | Norman Jewison | USA | The 16th Round | Rubin "Hurricane" Carter | 199? | Non-fiction |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ferdinand the Bull | 1938 | Dick Rickard | USA | The Story of Ferdinand | Munro Leaf | 1936 | Children's Book |
Sangre y arena | 1917 | Ricardo de Baños & Vicente Blasco Ibáñez | Spain | Sangre y arena | Vicente Blasco Ibáñez | 1909 | Novel |
Blood and Sand | 1922 | Fred Niblo | USA | Sangre y arena | Vicente Blasco Ibáñez | 1909 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Sun Also Rises | 1957 | Henry King | USA | The Sun Also Rises | Ernest Hemingway [4] | 1926 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Devil's Pass La Passe du diable | 1958 | Jacques Dupont & Pierre Schoendoerffer | Italy, France, Spain | Témoin parmi les hommes: Le Jeu du Roi | Joseph Kessel | 1956 | ? |
The Horsemen | 1971 | John Frankenheimer | USA | Les Cavaliers | Joseph Kessel | 1967 | Novel |
Caravans | 1978 | James Fargo | USA & Iran | Caravans | James Michener | 1962 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Last American Hero | 1973 | Lamont Johnson | USA | "The Last American Hero" from The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby | Tom Wolfe | 1965 | Article |
Bobby Deerfield | 1977 | Sydney Pollack | USA | Heaven Has No Favorites | Erich Maria Remarque | 1959 | Novel |
Blink of an Eye | 2019 | Paul Taublieb | USA | In the Blink of an Eye | Michael Waltrip with Ellis Henican | 2011 | Autobiography |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Love Bug | 1968 | Robert Stevenson | USA | Car, Boy, Girl | Gordon Buford | 1961 | Novel |
Stroker Ace | 1983 | Hal Needham | USA | Stand On It | William Neely & Robert K. Ottum | 1971 | Novel |
(Popular and legal in Mexico)
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cockfighter | 1974 | Monte Hellman | USA | Cockfighter | Charles Willeford [5] | 1962/1972 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Program | 2015 | Stephen Frears | UK, France | Seven Deadly Sins | David Walsh | 2012 | Non-fiction |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Breaking the Surface: The Greg Louganis Story * | 1997 | Steven Hilliard Stern | USA | Breaking the Surface | Greg Louganis & Eric Marcus | 1996 | Autobiography |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kes | 1969 | Ken Loach | UK | A Kestrel for a Knave | Barry Hines | 1968 | Novel |
The Falcons Magasiskola | 1970 | István Gaál | Hungary | Magasiskola | Miklós Mészöly | 1967 | Novel |
The Hawk Is Dying | 2006 | Julian Goldberger | USA | The Hawk Is Dying | Harry Crews | 1973 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Last Days of Patton ♠ * | 1986 | Delbert Mann | USA | The Last Days of Patton | Ladislas Farago | 1981 | Non-fiction |
The Fencing Master El maestro de esgrima | 1992 | Pedro Olea | Spain | The Fencing Master | Arturo Pérez-Reverte | 1988 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A River Runs Through It | 1992 | Robert Redford | USA | A River Runs Through It and Other Stories [6] | Norman Maclean | 1976 | Novella |
The Old Man and the Sea | 1958 | John Sturges | USA | The Old Man and the Sea [7] | Ernest Hemingway [4] | 1952 | Novella |
The Old Man and the Sea * | 1990 | Jud Taylor | UK | The Old Man and the Sea | Ernest Hemingway | 1952 | Novella |
The Old Man and the Sea Старик и море | 1999 | Aleksandr Petrov | Canada, Russia, Japan | The Old Man and the Sea | Ernest Hemingway | 1952 | Novella |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Arsenal Stadium Mystery | 1939 | Thorold Dickinson | UK | The Arsenal Stadium Mystery | Leonard R. Gribble | 1939 [8] | Novel |
Yesterday's Hero | 1979 | Neil Leifer | UK | ? | Jackie Collins | 197? | Novel |
Fever Pitch | 1997 | David Evans | UK | Fever Pitch [2] | Nick Hornby | 1992 | Memoir |
The Game of Their Lives | 2005 | David Anspaugh | USA | The Game of Their Lives | Geoffrey Douglas | 1996 [9] | Non-fiction |
The Damned United | 2009 | Tom Hooper | UK | The Damned Utd | David Peace | 2006 | Novel |
One Night in Turin | 2010 | James Erskine | UK | All Played Out: The Full Story of Italia '90 | Pete Davies | 2006 | Non-fiction |
Professional, college, high school
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Horse Feathers | 1932 | Norman Z. McLeod | USA | Fun in Hi Skule | Marx Brothers | 1920s | Vaudeville |
The Gladiator | 1938 | Edward Sedgwick | USA | Gladiator | Philip Wylie | 1930 | Novel |
Paper Lion | 1968 | Alex March | USA | Paper Lion | George Plimpton | 1966 | Memoir |
Semi-Tough | 1977 | Michael Ritchie | USA | Semi-Tough | Dan Jenkins | 1972 | Novel |
(Terrorism became a regular part of news reports in the early 1970s, and this theme was extended to popular fiction.)
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Two-Minute Warning | 1976 | Larry Peerce | USA | Two-Minute Warning | George La Fountaine, Sr. | 197? | Novel |
Black Sunday | 1977 | John Frankenheimer | USA | Black Sunday | Thomas Harris | 1975 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Great Macarthy | 1975 | David Baker | Australia | A Salute to the Great Macarthy | Barry Oakley | 1970 | Novel |
Australian Rules | 2002 | Paul Goldman | Australia | Deadly, Unna? | Phillip Gwynne | 1998 | Novel |
Professional and university
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Man Who Lost Himself * akaThe Stranger I Married | 2005 | Helen Shaver | Canada | The Man Who Lost Himself: The Terry Evanshen Story | June Callwood | 2000 | Non-fiction |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dead Solid Perfect * | 1988 | Bobby Roth | USA | Dead Solid Perfect | Dan Jenkins | 1974 | Novel |
The Legend of Bagger Vance | 2000 | Robert Redford | USA | The Legend of Bagger Vance | Steven Pressfield | 1995 | Novel |
A Gentleman's Game | 2002 | J. Mills Goodloe | USA | A Gentleman's Game | Tom Coyne | 2001 | Novel |
The Greatest Game Ever Played | 2005 | Bill Paxton | USA | The Greatest Game Ever Played: Harry Vardon, Francis Ouimet, and the Birth of Modern Golf | Mark Frost | 2002 | Non-fiction |
Tommy's Honour | 2016 | Jason Connery | UK/USA | Tommy's Honor: The Story of Old Tom Morris and Young Tom Morris, Golf's Founding Father and Son | Kevin Cook | 2007 | Non-fiction |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Peaceful Warrior | 2006 | Victor Salva | USA | Way of the Peaceful Warrior | Dan Millman | 1980 | Novel/ Memoir |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Face-Off | 1971 | George McCowan | Canada | Face-Off | Scott Young & George Robertson | 1971 [11] ¤ | Novel |
Net Worth * | 1995 | Jerry Ciccoritti | Canada | Net Worth: Exploding the Myth of Pro Hockey | David Cruise & Alison Griffiths | 1991 [11] | Non-fiction |
Breakfast with Scot | 2007 | Laurie Lynd | Canada | Breakfast with Scot | Michael Downing | 1999 [11] | Novel |
Indian Horse | 2017 | Stephen Campanelli | Canada | Indian Horse | Richard Wagamese | 2012 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National Velvet [12] | 1944 | Clarence Brown | USA | National Velvet | Enid Bagnold | 1935 | Novel |
Dead Cert | 1974 | Tony Richardson | UK | Dead Cert | Dick Francis | 1962 | Novel |
International Velvet | 1978 | Bryan Forbes | USA | National Velvet | Enid Bagnold | 1935 | Novel |
Champions | 1983 | John Irvin | UK | Champion's Story | Bob Champion & Jonathan Powell | 197? | Autobiography |
Let It Ride | 1989 | Joe Pytka | USA | Good Vibes | Jay Cronley | 1979 | Novel |
Seabiscuit | 2003 | Gary Ross | USA | Seabiscuit: An American Legend [13] | Laura Hillenbrand | 2001 | Non-fiction |
Secretariat | 2010 | Randall Wallace | USA | Secretariat: The Making of a Champion (uncredited) | William Nack | 1975 | Non-fiction |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Francis Goes to the Races | 1951 | Arthur Lubin | USA | Francis (characters) | David Stern | 1946 [9] | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hidalgo | 2004 | Joe Johnston | USA | ? | Frank Hopkins | 1891 | Memoir (discredited) |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Five Weeks in a Balloon | 1962 | Irwin Allen | USA | Five Weeks in a Balloon, or, Journeys and Discoveries in Africa by Three Englishmen | Jules Verne | 1863 | Novel |
Flight of the Eagle Ingenjör Andrées luftfärd | 1982 | Jan Troell | Sweden, West Germany, Norway | Ingenjör Andrées luftfärd | Per Olof Sundman | 1967 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Voice of Bugle Ann | 1936 | Richard Thorpe | USA | The Voice of Bugle Ann | MacKinlay Kantor | 193? | Novel |
The Fox and the Hound | 1981 | Ted Berman & Richard Rich | USA | The Fox and the Hound | Daniel P. Mannix | 1967 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Last Hunt | 1956 | Richard Brooks | USA | The Last Hunt | Milton Lott | 1954 | Novel |
Shalako | 1968 | Edward Dmytryk | USA | Shalako | Louis L'Amour | 1962 | Novel |
White Hunter Black Heart | 1990 | Clint Eastwood | USA | White Hunter Black Heart ♠ | Peter Viertel | 1953 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Shooting Party | 1985 | Alan Bridges | UK | The Shooting Party [14] | Isabel Colegate | 1980 | Novel |
My Father's Glory | 1990 | Yves Robert | France | La Gloire de mon père & Le Temps des secrets | Marcel Pagnol | 1957 & 1959 | Novels/Memoirs |
La Horse ♠ La Horse | 1970 | Pierre Granier-Deferre | France | La Horse | Michel Lambesc | 196? | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wild | 2014 | Jean-Marc Vallée | USA | Wild: From Lost to Found on the Pacific Crest Trail | Cheryl Strayed | 2012 | Memoir |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rooney | 1956 | George Pollock | UK | Rooney | Catherine Cookson | 1957 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Spanish Gardener | 1956 | Philip Leacock | UK | The Spanish Gardener | A. J. Cronin | 1950 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Kite Runner | 2007 | Marc Forster | USA | The Kite Runner | Khaled Hosseini | 2003 | Novel |
(Lacrosse is the official national (summer) sport of Canada)
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Express: The Ernie Davis Story ♠ | 2008 | Gary Fleder | USA | Ernie Davis, the Elmira Express: the Story of a Heisman Trophy Winner | Robert C. Gallagher | 1983 [9] | Non-fiction |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Marathon Runner Der Läufer von Marathon | 1933 | Ewald André Dupont | Nazi Germany | Der Läufer von Marathon : Ein Sportroman | Werner Scheff | 1928 [16] | Novel |
Stockholm Marathon | 1994 | Peter Keglevic | Sweden & Germany | The Terrorists | Sjöwall and Wahlöö | 1975 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
They Shoot Horses, Don't They? | 1969 | Sydney Pollack | USA | They Shoot Horses, Don't They? | Horace McCoy | 1935 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Last Hero | 1982 | Haruki Kadokawa | Japan | The Last Hero | Haruhiko Ôyabu | 1968 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Once Before I Die ♠ | 1966 | John Derek | USA | Quit for the Next | Lt. Anthony March | 1945 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whip It | 2009 | Drew Barrymore | USA | Derby Girl | Shauna Cross | 2007 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
True Blue | 1996 | Ferdinand Fairfax | UK | True Blue: The Oxford Boat Race Mutiny [18] | Daniel Topolski & Patrick Robinson | 1989 | Memoir/ Non-fiction |
The Company ♠ * | 2007 | Mikael Salomon | USA | The Company: A Novel of the CIA | Robert Littell | 2002 | Novel |
Three Men in a Boat | 1956 | Ken Annakin | UK | Three Men in a Boat (To Say Nothing of the Dog) | Jerome K. Jerome | 1889 | Novel |
Three Men in a Boat * | 1975 | Stephen Frears | UK | Three Men in a Boat (To Say Nothing of the Dog) | Jerome K. Jerome | 1889 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
This Sporting Life | 1963 | Lindsay Anderson | UK | This Sporting Life | David Storey | 1960 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Invictus | 2009 | Clint Eastwood | USA | Playing the Enemy: Nelson Mandela and the Game That Changed a Nation | John Carlin | 2008 | Non-fiction |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Supervivientes de los Andes | 1976 | René Cardona jr. | Mexico | Survive | Clay Blair | 1973 | Non-fiction |
Alive | 1993 | Frank Marshall | USA | Alive: The Story of the Andes Survivors | Piers Paul Read | 1974 | Non-fiction |
(Yachting)
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Deep (unfinished) | 1970 | Orson Welles | USA | Dead Calm | Charles F. Williams | 1963 | Novel |
Dead Calm | 1989 | Phillip Noyce | Australia | Dead Calm | Charles F. Williams | 1963 | Novel |
White Squall | 1996 | Ridley Scott | USA | The Last Voyage of the Albatross | Chuck Gieg & Felix Sutton | 1962 [9] | Non-fiction |
Two Came Back * | 1997 | Dick Lowry | USA | Albatross | Deborah Scaling-Kiley & Meg Noonan | 199? | Novel?/ Memoir |
Mutiny ♠ | 1925 | F. Martin Thornton | UK | ? | Ben Bolt | 192? | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Deep | 1977 | Peter Yates | USA | The Deep | Peter Benchley | 1976 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thin Ice | 1937 | Sidney Lanfield | USA | Thin Ice (?) | Attila Orbók Orbók Attila | 193? | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Downhill Racer | 1969 | Michael Ritchie | USA | The Downhill Racers | Oakley Hall | 1963 | Novel |
The Other Side of the Mountain | 1975 | Larry Peerce | USA | A Long Way Up: the Story of Jill Kinmont | E.G. Valens | 1966 [9] | Non-fiction |
Crazy Canucks * | 2004 | Randy Bradshaw | Canada | White Circus [19] [ circular reference ] (uncredited) | Ken Read & Matthew Fisher (uncredited) | 1987 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Gypsy Moths | 1969 | John Frankenheimer | USA | The Gypsy Moths, A Fable | James Drought | 1955 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
My House in Umbria ♠ * | 2003 | Richard Loncraine | UK & Italy | My House in Umbria | William Trevor | 1991 | Novella |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gidget | 1959 | Paul Wendkos | USA | Gidget, The Little Girl With Big Ideas | Frederick Kohner | 1957 | Novel |
Blue Crush | 2002 | John Stockwell | USA & Germany | "Surf Girls of Maui" | Susan Orlean | 200? | Article |
Soul Surfer | 2010 | Sean McNamara | USA | Soul Surfer: A True Story of Faith, Family, and Fighting to Get Back on the Board | Bethany Hamilton | 2004 | Autobiography |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Swimming Upstream | 2003 | Russell Mulcahy | Australia | Swimming Upstream | Anthony Fingleton | ? | Autobiography |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Seven Percent Solution ♠ | 1976 | Herbert Ross | UK & USA | The Seven-Per-Cent Solution: Being a Reprint from the Reminiscences of John H. Watson, M.D. | Nicholas Meyer | 1974 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blackbeard's Ghost | 1968 | Robert Stevenson | USA | Blackbeard's Ghost | Ben Stahl | 1965 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Gladiator | 1938 | Edward Sedgwick | USA | Gladiator | Philip Wylie | 1930 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quo Vadis ♠ | 1951 | Mervyn LeRoy | USA | Quo Vadis | Henryk Sienkiewicz [21] | 1895 | Novel |
Ben-Hur | 1907 | Sidney Olcott | USA | Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ | Lew Wallace | 1880 | Novel |
Ben-Hur [22] | 1925 | Fred Niblo | USA | Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ | Lew Wallace | 1880 | Novel |
Ben-Hur [23] | 1959 | William Wyler | USA | Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ | Lew Wallace | 1880 | Novel |
Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work | Author | Date | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spartaco | 1913 | Giovanni Enrico Vidali | Italy | Spartaco | Raffaello Giovagnoli | 1873 | Novel |
Spartacus | 1960 | Stanley Kubrick | USA | Spartacus | Howard Fast [24] | 1951 | Novel |
The Sword in the Stone | 1963 | Wolfgang Reitherman | USA | The Sword in the Stone | T. H. White | 1938/1958 | Novel |
Spartacus (television miniseries) | 2004 | USA |
Czechoslovakia 1968 is a 1969 short documentary film about the "Prague Spring", the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia. The film was produced by the United States Information Agency (USIA) under the direction of Robert M. Fresco and Denis Sanders and features the graphic design of Norman Gollin.
Merrie Melodies is an American animated comedy short film series distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the partner series to Looney Tunes and featured many of the same characters. It originally ran from August 2, 1931, to September 20, 1969, during the golden age of American animation, though it was revived in 1979, with new shorts sporadically released until June 13, 1997. Originally, Merrie Melodies placed emphasis on one-shot color films in comparison to the black-and-white Looney Tunes films. After Bugs Bunny became the breakout character of Merrie Melodies and Looney Tunes transitioned to color production in the early 1940s, the two series gradually lost their distinctions and shorts were assigned to each series randomly.
Jason Nelson Robards Jr. was an American actor. Known for his roles on stage and screen, he gained a reputation as an interpreter of the works of playwright Eugene O'Neill. Robards received numerous accolades and is one of 24 performers to have achieved the Triple Crown of Acting having earned competitive wins for two Academy Awards, a Tony Award, and a Emmy Award. He was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame in 1979, and earned the National Medal of Arts in 1997, the Kennedy Center Honors in 1999.
The Arjuna Award, officially known as Arjuna Awards given for Outstanding Performance in Sports and Games, is the second-highest sporting honour of India, the highest being the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award. The award is named after Arjuna, one of the characters of the Sanskrit epic Mahabharata of ancient India. In Hinduism, he has been seen as a symbol of hard work, dedication and concentration. It is awarded annually by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports. Before the introduction of the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna in 1991–1992, the Arjuna award was the highest sporting honour of India. The nominations for the award are received from all government recognised National Sports Federations, the Indian Olympic Association, the Sports Authority of India (SAI), the Sports Promotion and Control Boards, the state and the union territory governments and the Major Dhyan Chandra Khel Ratna, Arjuna, Dhyan Chand and Dronacharya awardees of the previous years. The recipients are selected by a committee constituted by the Ministry and are honoured for their "good performance in the field of sports over a period of four years" at the international level and for having shown "qualities of leadership, sportsmanship and a sense of discipline." As of 2020, the award comprises "a bronze statuette of Arjuna, certificate, ceremonial dress, and a cash prize of ₹15 lakh (US$18,000)."
A sports film is a film genre in which any particular sport plays a prominent role in the film's plot or acts as its central theme. It is a production in which a sport or a sports-related topic is prominently featured or is a focus of the plot. Despite this, sport is ultimately rarely the central concern of such films and sport performs primarily an allegorical role. Furthermore, sports fans are not necessarily the target demographic in such movies, but sports fans tend to maintain a high following and esteem for such movies.
The Kalinga Prize for the Popularization of Science is an award given by UNESCO for exceptional skill in presenting scientific ideas to lay people. It was created in 1952, following a donation from Biju Patnaik, Founder President of the Kalinga Foundation Trust in India.
The Sphinx Head Society is the oldest senior honor society at Cornell University. Sphinx Head recognizes Cornell senior men and women who have demonstrated respectable strength of character on top of dedication to leadership and service at Cornell University. In 1929 The New York Times held that election into Sphinx Head and similar societies constituted "the highest non-scholastic honor within reach of undergraduates."
The Library of Congress (LOC) is a research library in Washington, D.C., that serves as the library and research service of the U.S. Congress and the de facto national library of the United States. Founded in 1800, the library is the United States's oldest federal cultural institution. The library is housed in three elaborate buildings on Capitol Hill. It also maintains a conservation center in Culpeper, Virginia. The library's functions are overseen by the Librarian of Congress, and its buildings are maintained by the Architect of the Capitol. The Library of Congress is one of the largest libraries in the world. Its collections contain approximately 173 million items, and it has more than 3,000 employees. Its collections are "universal, not limited by subject, format, or national boundary, and include research materials from all parts of the world and in more than 470 languages".
Angelo Pizzo is an American screenwriter and film producer, usually working on films based on a true story, and usually about athletics. He is best known for Hoosiers and Rudy.
Aquila Polonica is an independent publishing house based in the U.S. and the U.K., founded in 2005 by Terry A. Tegnazian and Stefan Mucha. The company specializes in books based on eyewitness accounts, in English, of Poland in World War II.
The 100 Books of the Century is a list of the hundred most memorable books of the 20th century, regardless of language, according to a poll performed during the spring of 1999 by the French retailer Fnac and the Paris newspaper Le Monde.
Freedom Riders is a 2010 American historical documentary film, produced by Firelight Media for the twenty-third season of American Experience on PBS. The film is based in part on the book Freedom Riders: 1961 and the Struggle for Racial Justice by historian Raymond Arsenault. Directed by Stanley Nelson, it marked the 50th anniversary of the first Freedom Ride in May 1961 and first aired on May 16, 2011. It was funded in part by the National Endowment for the Humanities. The film was also featured on The Oprah Winfrey Show program titled, Freedom Riders: 50th Anniversary. Nelson was helped in the making of the documentary by Arsenault and Derek Catsam, an associate professor at the University of Texas of the Permian Basin.
The National Sports Awards is the collective name given to the six sports awards of the Republic of India. It is awarded annually by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports. They are presented by the President of India in the same ceremony at the Rashtrapati Bhavan, usually on 29 August. Since 2004, Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award is also given alongside the other sports awards. As of 2020, a total of 1,259 individuals and organizations have been awarded the various National Sports Awards.