List of masters of Trinity College, Cambridge

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Master's lodge in Great Court, Trinity College Trinity College Masters Lodge, Cambridgeshire, England - 29-11-2019.jpg
Master's lodge in Great Court, Trinity College

Trinity College, a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, is headed by a master who oversees the general operation of the college. The role is officially appointed by the monarch at the recommendation of the college, and involves presiding over meetings of the college council and its governing body, although the executive powers of the master are limited. [1] In addition, the master supports relations with students and alumni of the college, and serves as an ambassador for its global development activities. [2]

In 1546, Trinity College was founded by Henry VIII, merging the colleges of Michaelhouse and King's Hall. [3] John Redman, then Warden of King's Hall, was thus appointed first Master of Trinity College. There have been 40 appointments to the position; William Bill was appointed master twice, in 1551 and 1558. [4] The longest serving master was Richard Bentley, from 1700 until his death in 1741. He held the post despite widespread unpopularity amongst the fellows, a feud which lasted for about 30 years. During this, Bentley survived numerous criminal charges, and had his university degree rescinded between 1718 and 1724. [5] The current master, Dame Sally Davies, was appointed on 8 February 2019. She assumed the role during a ceremony on 8 October of that year, becoming the 39th Master of Trinity College, and the first woman to hold the position. [6] [7]

For much of the past, the master was required to hold a degree from the University of Cambridge, and was usually a member of Trinity College. Historical statutes also stated that the office of the master could only be held up to the age of 70 or 75, at the decision of the fellows. [1] Currently, the master holds office for a fixed term of up to eight years. There is no longer a requirement to have studied at Trinity College, or the University of Cambridge, but recent masters have usually been distinguished academics. The incumbent is always referred to as the master, regardless of gender, for historical reasons. [2]

The Master of Trinity College resides in the Master's Lodge, located in Great Court. It was originally built in 1554, and is a Grade I listed building. The entrance hall has 16th-century panelling, and the drawing room has a late 15th-century plaster ceiling. The façade of the building towards Great Court was renovated between 1841 and 1843 by Anthony Salvin. In 1892, the architect Arthur Blomfield constructed the west wing of the lodge with additional rooms for private accommodation of the master, which freed some of the historic rooms for public use. [8] The Master's Lodge is customarily the royal residence when visiting the university. [9] It includes a state bedroom that was refurbished for the 1843 visit of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. [10]

Several masters of the college contributed to the development of its buildings throughout history. Thomas Nevile, master of the college from 1593, remodelled the majority of the college buildings. He demolished several buildings to clear space for the Great Court, which is now reputedly the largest enclosed courtyard in Europe. [11] Upon his death, he bequeathed a sum of money that entirely paid for the construction of Nevile's Court. [12] In the late 17th century, Nevile's Court was further developed by Christopher Wren under the instruction of the master of the college, Isaac Barrow, forming the Wren Library. [13] In the 1860s, William Whewell paid for the construction of Whewell's Court, two neo-Gothic courts located on the opposite side of Trinity Street. [14]

List of masters

Nevile's Court, Trinity College Cambridge Trinity Nevile's Court.jpg
Nevile's Court, Trinity College
Statue of Isaac Barrow by Matthew Noble in Trinity College Chapel StatueOfIsaacBarrow.jpg
Statue of Isaac Barrow by Matthew Noble in Trinity College Chapel
Whewell's Court, Trinity College Cmglee Cambridge Trinity College Whewells Court.jpg
Whewell's Court, Trinity College
Statue of William Whewell by Thomas Woolner in the chapel Statue of William Whewell at Trinity College, Cambridge.jpg
Statue of William Whewell by Thomas Woolner in the chapel
List of masters
NamePortraitBirthDeathTerm of officeNotesRef(s).
John Redman —149915511546–1551 Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity (1538–1542), Public Orator of Cambridge (1537–1538), Warden of King's Hall (1542–1546), later forming Trinity College [15] [16]
William Bill William Bill. Line engraving by R. Grave after G. P. Harding Wellcome V0000549 (crop).jpg c. 150515611551–1553 Master of St John's College, Cambridge (1547–1551), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University (1548), Provost of Eton College (1558–1561), Dean of Westminster (1560–1561). [17] [18]
John Christopherson —c. 151915581553–1558 Chaplain and confessor to Mary I, Dean of Norwich (1554–1557), Bishop of Chichester (1557–1558) [19]
William Bill William Bill. Line engraving by R. Grave after G. P. Harding Wellcome V0000549 (crop).jpg c. 150515611558–1561Second term as Master of Trinity College [17]
Robert Beaumont —c. 152515671561–1567 Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity (1559–1561), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University (1564 and 1566) [20] [21]
John Whitgift Bp John Whitgift.jpg c. 153016041567–1577 Archbishop of Canterbury (1583–1604) [22]
John Still Portrait of John Still, Bishop of Bath and Wells (dated 1760-1809) by Sylvester Harding.jpg c. 1541c. 16081577–1593 Master of St John's College, Cambridge (1574–1577), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University (1575 and 1592), Bishop of Bath and Wells (1593–1608) [23]
Thomas Nevile Thomas Nevile, Trinity Coll Cambridge.jpg c. 154816151593–1615 Dean of Peterborough (1591–1597) and Dean of Canterbury (1597–1615), Master of Magdalene College (1582–1593); significantly developed Trinity College, including expanding Great Court and building Nevile's Court [24] [25]
John Richardson John Richardson Peterhouse.jpg 156416251615–1625 Biblical scholar, Regius Professor of Divinity (1607–1617), Master of Peterhouse, Cambridge (1609–1615), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University (1617) [26]
Leonard Mawe —155216291625–1629 Bishop of Bath and Wells (1628–1629), Master of Peterhouse (1617–1625) [27]
Samuel Brooke —157516311629–1631 Playwright, Gresham Professor of Divinity (1612–1629) [28] [29]
Thomas Comber Thomas Comber, Trinity Coll Cambridge.jpg 164516991631–1645 Linguist, Dean of Carlisle (1629–1654) [30]
Thomas Hill —c. 160016531645–1653 Master of Emmanuel College, Cambridge (1644–1645), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University (1646) [31]
John Arrowsmith —160216591653–1659 Theologian, Master of St John's College, Cambridge (1644–1653), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University (1647), Regius Professor of Divinity (1651–1656) [32]
John Wilkins Bp John Wilkins.jpg 161416721659–1660 Natural philosopher, cofounder of the Royal Society, Warden of Wadham College, Oxford (1648–1659), Bishop of Chester (1668–1672) [33] [34] [35]
Henry Ferne —160216621660–1662 Dean of Ely (1661–1662), Bishop of Chester (1662) [36]
John Pearson JohnPearson.jpg 161316861662–1672 Theologian, Master of Jesus College, Cambridge (1660–1662), Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity (1661–1673), Bishop of Chester (1673–1686) [37]
Isaac Barrow Isaac Barrow by Mary Beale.jpg 163016771672–1677 Christian theologian and mathematician, known for early development of infinitesimal calculus; Regius Professor of Greek (1660–1663), first Lucasian Professor of Mathematics (1663–1669), academic advisor of Isaac Newton [38] [39]
John North —164516831677–1683 Regius Professor of Greek (1672–1674), buried in Trinity College Chapel [40]
John Montagu John Montagu, Trinity Coll Cambridge.jpg c. 165517281683–1699 Dean of Durham (1700–1728), benefactor to the college [41]
Richard Bentley Richard Bentley 3.jpg 166217421700–1742 Classical scholar, critic, theologian, Regius Professor of Divinity (1717–1742) [42]
Robert Smith Robertsmith1689-1768.jpg 168917681742–1768 Mathematician, Plumian Professor of Astronomy and Experimental Philosophy (1716–1760), buried in Trinity College Chapel [43]
John Hinchliffe John Hinchliffe by MW Peters.jpg 173117941768–1789 Bishop of Peterborough (1769–1794), Dean of Durham (1788–1794) [44]
Thomas Postlethwaite Thomas Postlethwaite after DB Murphy.jpg 173117981789–1798 Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University (1791) [45]
William Lort Mansel William Lort Mansel by GH Harlow.jpg 175318201798–1820 Public Orator of Cambridge (1788–1798), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University (1799), Bishop of Bristol (1808–1820) [46]
Christopher Wordsworth Christopher Wordsworth by GF Robson.jpg 177418461820–1841 Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University (1820 and 1826), youngest brother of the poet William Wordsworth [47]
William Whewell Portrait of W. Whewell; stipple engraving Wellcome L0014766.jpg 179418661841–1866 Polymath, scientist, theologian, mathematician, poet; funded the construction of Whewell's Court [48]
William Hepworth Thompson William Hepworth Thompson by Hubert von Herkomer.jpg 181018861866–1886 Classical scholar, Regius Professor of Greek (1853–1867), reformer of Trinity College and the University of Cambridge [49]
Henry Montagu Butler Henry Montagu Butler by William Barns Wollen.jpg 183319181886–1918Headmaster of Harrow School (1860–85), Dean of Gloucester (1885–86) [50]
J. J. Thomson J.J Thomson.jpg 185619401918–1940 Physicist, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Physics (1906), known for the discovery of the electron [51]
G. M. Trevelyan GM Trevelyan by Beresford.jpg 187619621940–1951 Historian and author, Regius Professor of History (1927–1943), Chancellor of Durham University (1950–1957) [52]
Edgar Adrian E.D. Adrian, UCL 1955-56. Wellcome L0026807.jpg 188919771951–1965 Electrophysiologist, laureate of Nobel Prize for Physiology (1932) for work on the function of neurons, President of the Royal Society (1950–1955), President of the Royal Society of Medicine (1960–1962), Chancellor of the University of Cambridge (1967–1975) [53]
Rab Butler Rab Butler.jpg 190219821965–1978 Conservative Party politician, Deputy Prime Minister (1962–1963) [54]
Alan Hodgkin Alan Lloyd Hodgkin nobel.jpg 191419981978–1984 Physiologist and biophysicist, joint winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1963), awarded Copley Medal (1965), later President of the Royal Society (1970–1975) [55]
Andrew Huxley Andrew Fielding Huxley nobel.jpg 191720121984–1990 Physiologist and biophysicist, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1963), President of the Royal Society (1980–1985) [56]
Michael Atiyah Michael Francis Atiyah (cropped).jpg 192920191990–1997 Mathematician, Savilian Professor of Geometry (1963–1969), laureate of the Fields Medal (1966) and Abel Prize (2004), President of the Royal Society (1990–1995) [57] [58] [59]
Amartya Sen Amartya Sen 2012 (cropped).jpg 19331998–2004 Economist and philosopher, laureate of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (1998), recipient of the Bharat Ratna (1999) [60] [61]
Martin Rees Official portrait of Lord Rees of Ludlow crop 2.jpg 19422004–2012 Cosmologist and astrophysicist, fifteenth Astronomer Royal (appointed 1995), President of the Royal Society (2005–2010) [62] [63] [64]
Gregory Winter Gregory Winter, 2016 (cropped).jpg 19512012–2019 Molecular biologist, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2018), known for work on the therapeutic use of monoclonal antibodies [65]
Sally Davies Dame Sally Davies.png 19492019–present Physician (haematologist), Chief Scientific Adviser at the Department of Health (2004–2016), Chief Medical Officer (2010–2019) [7] [66]

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References

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  2. 1 2 Holland, Fiona (28 June 2018). "Applications invited for the next Master of Trinity". Trinity College, Cambridge . Retrieved 8 May 2024.
  3. ↑ "Historical Overview". Trinity College, Cambridge . Retrieved 8 May 2024.
  4. ↑ Holland, Fiona (8 February 2019). "Professor Dame Sally Davies appointed Master of Trinity". Trinity College, Cambridge . Retrieved 7 May 2024.
  5. ↑ Wikisource-logo.svg This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Richard Bentley". Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 751.
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  7. 1 2 "Dame Sally installed as Master". Trinity College, Cambridge . 8 October 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
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  44. ↑ "Hinchliffe, John (HNCF750J)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  45. ↑ "Postlethwaite, Thomas (PSTT749T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  46. ↑ "Mansel, William Lort (MNSL770WL)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  47. ↑ "Wordsworth, Christopher (WRDT791C)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  48. ↑ Douglas, Janet Mary (1881). The life and selections from the correspondence of William Whewell [microform]. University of California Libraries. Kegan Paul, Trench, & Co.
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  50. ↑ "Butler, Henry Montagu (BTLR850HM)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
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  53. ↑ Hodgkin, Alan (1979). "Edgar Douglas Adrian, Baron Adrian of Cambridge, 30 November 1889 – 4 August 1977". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society . 25: 1–73. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1979.0002. ISSN   0080-4606. PMID   11615790.
  54. ↑ Howard, Anthony (1987). Rab: The Life Of R. A. Butler. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN   978-0-224-01862-3.
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  56. ↑ Goldman, Yale E.; Franzini-Armstrong, Clara; Armstrong, Clay M. (2012). "Andrew Fielding Huxley (1917–2012)". Nature . 486 (7404): 474. Bibcode:2012Natur.486..474G. doi: 10.1038/486474a . PMID   22739307.
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  58. ↑ "2004: Sir Michael Francis Atiyah and Isadore M. Singer". Abel Prize . Retrieved 22 August 2022.
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