The Metropolitan Railway's original seven stations were inspired by Italianate designs, with platforms lit by daylight from above and by gas lights in large glass globes,[3] and the early District Railway stations were similar; on both railways the further from central London the station the simpler the construction.[4] The City & South London Railway's architect Thomas Phillips Figgis designed red-brick buildings topped with a lead-covered dome containing the lift mechanism, such as the Grade II listed station at Kennington.[5][6] The Central London Railway appointed Harry Bell Measures as architect, who designed its pinkish-brown steel-framed buildings with larger entrances.[7] In the first decade of the 20th century Leslie Green established a house style for the tube stations built by the UERL, which were clad in ox-blood faience blocks;[8] eleven of these stations are listed.[9] Harry W. Ford was responsible for the design of at least 17 UERL and District Railway stations, including the listed Barons Court.[10][11] The Met's architect Charles W Clark had used a neo-classical design for rebuilding Baker Street and Paddington Praed Street stations before World War I and, although the fashion had changed, continued with Farringdon in 1923.[7] In the 1920s and 1930s, Charles Holden designed a series of modernist and art-deco stations, some of which he described as his "brick boxes with concrete lids",[12] many of which are listed, five at Grade II*. Holden's design for the Underground's headquarters building at 55 Broadway including avant-garde sculptures by Jacob Epstein, Eric Gill and Henry Moore,[13] incorporates St James Park station and is listed Grade I.[14]
Opened in 1879 by the District Railway and rebuilt in 1910, it is the subsequent 1932 Holden building that is listed. This has a lintel on reinforced concrete posts, filled in with red bricks, with shops on either side.[15][16][17]
North East entrance is within the former Whitechapel library, now an art gallery, which opened in 1892. The entrance to the station was opened in 1937.[18][19]
A largely unaltered highly regarded mature Holden design, this has a tall circular booking hall with large areas of glass and offices on either side.[21][22][23]
Fowler designed the Circle line platforms and the station was rebuilt by Clark. Chiltern Court, built above the station in the 1920s, is not included in the listing.[24][25]
Original District Railway platforms remain, the station buildings were rebuilt by Holden for the Piccadilly line extension. A tower holds an enamelled London Underground roundel on glazed ceramic tiles.[42][43][44]
Entrance buildings were the first stations to be redesigned by Holden. Listing does not include the later block of flats above the station.[63][64][65]
A replacement for the previous 1903 station600 metres (660yd) to the north, this station opened in 1931 and the current building was completed in 1936. Listing covers the station buildings and adjoining flats and shops.[135][136][137]
Opened in 1906 by the Metropolitan Railway, the Piccadilly line was extended in 1933. Listing includes station with shops and platforms.[141][144][145]
One of Holden's last designs, the unopened tunnels were used as an aircraft component factory during World War II and the design was altered due to post-war austerity measures.[146][147][148]
Opened in 1904 by the Metropolitan Railway, the Piccadilly line was extended in 1933. A largely unaltered Metropolitan Railway country station.[149][150][151]
Rebuilt for the Piccadilly line extension, this was the prototype for Holden's 'Sudbury box' modernist designs for the Piccadilly line extensions.[173][174][175]
Built for the Northern line extension to Morden with two entrances constructed out of Portland stone. Original tiled decoration still present on sub-surface passages and platforms.[176][177][178]
Built for the Northern line extension to Morden with a curved facade made from Portland stone. Original tiled decoration still present on sub-surface passages and platforms.[176][179][180]
Built by the Great Western Railway for the Central line extension. The concrete ticket hall, faced in brick with a full-height window on the front back, is on a bridge over the two platforms.[188][189]
Street buildings were re-built by Clark for the Metropolitan Railway with his cream terracotta facade. Services currently provided by the Jubilee line.[192][193]
Holden was constrained at Wood Green by the limited size of the corner site, and therefore used a different design than his other Piccadilly line stations of the early 1930s.[194][195]
The Central line is a London Underground line that runs through central London, from Epping, Essex, in the north-east to Ealing Broadway and West Ruislip in west London. Printed in red on the Tube map, the line serves 49 stations over 46 miles (74 km), making it the longest line on the Underground. It is one of only two lines on the Underground network to cross the Greater London boundary, the other being the Metropolitan line. One of London's deep-level railways, Central line trains are smaller than those on British main lines.
In the United Kingdom, a listed building is a structure of particular architectural and/or historic interest deserving of special protection. Such buildings are placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, Cadw in Wales, and the Northern Ireland Environment Agency in Northern Ireland. The classification schemes differ between England and Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. The term has also been used in the Republic of Ireland, where buildings are protected under the Planning and Development Act 2000, although the statutory term in Ireland is "protected structure."
Covent Garden is a London Underground station serving Covent Garden and the surrounding area in the West End of London. It is on the Piccadilly line between Leicester Square and Holborn stations and is in Travelcard Zone 1. The station is at the corner of Long Acre and James Street and the street-level concourse is a Grade II listed building.
Russell Square is a London Underground station opposite Russell Square on Bernard Street, Bloomsbury, in the London Borough of Camden. The station is on the Piccadilly line, between Holborn and King's Cross St Pancras and is in Travelcard Zone 1.
Mole Valley is a local government district in Surrey, England. Its council is based in Dorking, and the district's other town is Leatherhead. The largest villages are Ashtead, Fetcham and Great Bookham, in the northern third of the district.
Leslie William Green was an English architect. He is best known for his design of iconic stations constructed on the London Underground railway system in central London during the first decade of the 20th century, with distinctive oxblood red faïence blocks including pillars and semi-circular first-floor windows, and patterned tiled interiors done in the Modern Style.
Ewell is a town in the borough of Epsom and Ewell in Surrey, England. It is approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of central London and 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of Epsom. In the 2011 Census, the town had a population of 34,872. The majority of which (73%) is in the ABC1 social class, except the Ruxley Ward that is C2DE.
The Golden Lane Estate is a 1950s council housing complex in the City of London. It was built on the northern edge of the City, on a site devastated by bombing during the Second World War. Since 1997, the estate has been protected as a group of listed buildings of special architectural interest.
In the United Kingdom, the term conservation area almost always applies to an area of special architectural or historic interest, the character of which is considered worthy of preservation or enhancement. It creates a precautionary approach to the loss or alteration of buildings and/or trees, thus it has some of the legislative and policy characteristics of listed buildings and tree preservation orders. The concept was introduced in 1967, and by 2017 almost 9,800 had been designated in England.
Charles Walter Clark (1885–1972) was an architect who worked for the Metropolitan Railway from 1911 to 1933 and was responsible for designing 25 stations, five of which are listed buildings today.
A number of signal boxes in England are on the Statutory List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest. Signal boxes house the signalman and equipment that control the railway points and signals. Originally, railway signals were controlled from a hut on a platform at junctions. In the 1850s, a raised building with a glazed upper storey containing levers controlling points and signals was developed after John Saxby obtained a patent in 1856 for a mechanical system of interlocking the points and signals. Over half of the signalboxes before 1923 were built by private signalling contractors, the largest being Saxby & Farmer; Stevens & Sons, McKenzie & Holland, the Railway Signal Co., Dutton & Co and Evans, and O'Donnell & Co. Some railway companies had a standard signalbox design, such as the London & North Western Railway, whereas others, such as the Great Eastern Railway had many different designs.
The Bass Maltings in Sleaford, England are a large group of eight disused malt houses originally owned by the Bass Brewery of Burton upon Trent. Constructed between 1901 and 1907 to Herbert A. Couchman's design, the maltings are the largest group of malt houses in England; they have been designated Grade II* on the National Heritage List for England, recognising them as "particularly important ... of more than special interest."
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