Luna Park is a name shared by dozens of currently operating and defunct amusement parks. They are named after, and partly based on, the first Luna Park, which opened in 1903 during the heyday of large Coney Island parks. Luna parks are small-scale attraction parks, easily accessed, potentially addressed to the permanent or temporary residential market, and located in the suburbs or even near the town center. Luna parks mainly offer classic funfair attractions (great wheel), newer features (electronic displays) and catering services. [1]
The original Luna Park on Coney Island, a massive spectacle of rides, ornate towers and cupolas covered in 250,000 electric lights, was opened in 1903 by the showmen and entrepreneurs Frederic Thompson and Elmer "Skip" Dundy. The park was either named after the fanciful airship Luna, part of the new park's central attraction A Trip to the Moon, or after Dundy's sister. [2] [3] Luna Park was a vastly expanded attraction built partly on the grounds of Sea Lion Park, the first enclosed amusement park on Coney Island which closed down due to competition from nearby Steeplechase Park.
In 1905, Frederick Ingersoll, who was already making a reputation for his pioneering work in roller coaster construction and design (he also designed scenic railroad rides) borrowed the name when he opened Luna Park in Pittsburgh and Luna Park in Cleveland. These first two amusement parks, like their namesake, were covered with electric lighting (the former was adorned with 67,000 light bulbs; [4] the latter, 50,000 [5] ). Later, in 1907, Charles Looff opened another Luna Park in Seattle, Washington. Ultimately, Ingersoll opened 44 Luna Parks around the world, the first chain of amusement parks. For a short time, Ingersoll renamed his parks Ingersoll's Luna Park to distinguish them from the Luna Parks to which he had no connection. [6] Ingersoll's death in 1927 and the closing of most of his Luna Parks did not stop new parks from taking the name.
Today, the term luna park or lunapark is a noun meaning "amusement park" in several languages, including Indo-European languages such as Polish, French, Italian, Russian, Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Slovenian, and Greek (λούνα παρκ, loúna park), [7] as well as Turkish, [8] Hungarian and Hebrew (לוּנָה פַּארְק, but the term גן שעשועים lit. 'park of amusements' is also widely used). [9]
Name | Location | In operation | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Luna Park, Cairo [10] | Heliopolis, Egypt | 1911 to 1915 | The first in Africa and the Middle East. [11] On January 19, 1915, the buildings and grounds were converted into Australian Auxiliary Hospital at Luna Park for World War I. [12] The hospital was closed on July 10, 1916. [13] |
Luna Park, Obala [14] | Obala, Cameroon | 1970 to 2000 |
Name | Location | In operation | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Luna Park, Abha | Saudi Arabia | ? to present | Part of the Abha Palace complex [15] |
Alanya Lunapark [16] | Near Alanya, Turkey | ? to present | |
Luna Park, Baku [17] | Baku, Azerbaijan | 2000 to 2005 | |
Luna Park, Beirut | Beirut, Lebanon | 1966 to present | |
Luna Park, Bombay [6] | Mumbai, India | Designed and built by Ingersoll | |
Bostanci Lunapark | Bostancı, Turkey | 1983 to present | |
Eski Lunapark | Near Balıkesir, Turkey | ? to present | |
Kültürpark Lunapark | Konak, İzmir, Turkey | ? to present | |
Girne Lunapark | Karşıyaka, İzmir, Turkey | ? to 2010 | |
Mersin Lunapark | Mersin, Turkey | ? to present | |
Lunapark, Nazilli | Nazilli, Turkey | ? to present | |
Sincan Lunapark | Sincan, Turkey | ? to present | |
Luna Park, Larnaca | Larnaca, Cyprus | ? to present | Now known as Lucky Star Park [18] |
Luna Grand Park [19] | Haifa, Israel | 2001 to 2013 | Closed after five months due to poor attendance following a religious boycott [20] and reopened after negotiations with the local religious community. [21] Closed for good on October 31, 2013 to make room for a new cinema. [22] |
Luna Park, Tel Aviv [23] [24] | Tel Aviv, Israel | 1970 to present | The Luna Park was located in Jaffa from 1953 to 1970, when it was relocated. [25] |
Luna Park, Hong Kong [26] | North Point, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong | 1949 to 1954 | Amusement park, cinema and nightclub complex |
Luna Park, Osaka [27] | Osaka, Japan | 1919 to 1923 | Also known as Shinsekai Luna Park [28] |
Luna Park, Tokyo | Tokyo, Japan | 1910 to 1911 | Burned down in 1911 [29] [30] |
Luna Park, Tehran | Tehran, Iran | 1970s to 1980 | Reopened in 1988 as Shahr-e Bazi; closed 2007 to make room for new highway [31] |
Luna Park, Yerevan | Yerevan, Armenia | 2000 to present |
Name | Location | In operation | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Luna Park, Aidonakia | Athens, Greece | 2001 to present | Constructed by Ingersoll. Also known as Ta Aidonakia, 'the little nightingales'. [5] |
Fantasia Luna Park | Near Faliraki, Greece | 2003 to present | |
International Luna Park | Near Athens, Greece | ? to present | |
Luna Park, Brent Cross | London, UK | 2020 to Present | |
Luna Park, Berlin | Berlin, Germany | 1909 to 1933 | In its time, it was the largest amusement park in Europe [32] |
Luna Park, Cologne [33] | Cologne, Germany | 1909 to 1927 | |
Luna Park Hamburg-Altona | Hamburg, Germany | 1913, and again 1917 to 1923 | |
Luna Park, Leipzig | Leipzig, Germany | 1911 to 1932 | |
Luna Park, Saint-Brieuc, France | Saint-Brieuc, France | 1982 to present | Located in the Brézillet area of Saint-Brieuc, Côtes-d'Armor, France [34] |
Luna Park, Cap d'Agde [35] | Cap d'Agde, France | ? to present | |
Luna Park, Fréjus [36] | Fréjus, France | ? to present | |
Luna Park, La Palmyre | La Palmyre, France | ? to present | |
Luna Park, Paris [37] | Paris, France | 1909 to 1931 | |
Luna Park, Argelès-sur-Mer | Argelès-sur-Mer, France | ? to present | |
Luna Park, Nice | Nice, France | ? to present | |
Luna Park Funfair | Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom | ? to present | |
Luna Park, Geneva [38] [39] | Le Parc des Eaux Vives alongside Lake Geneva, Switzerland | 1912 to 1918 | |
Luna Park, L'Escala | L'Escala, Spain | ? to present | |
Lunapark, Łódź [40] | Łódź, Poland | Closed January 2016 | |
Lunapark Sowinski | Near Władysławowo, Poland | 2006 to present | |
Luna Park, Odesa [41] | Odesa, Ukraine | ? to present | |
Luna Park, Rome [6] | Rome, Italy | ? to 1930s | Designed and built by Ingersoll |
LunEur [42] [43] | Rome, Italy | 1953 to 2008 2016 to present | |
Luna Park, Milan | Near Milan, Italy | 1965 to present | Name was changed April 11, 2004 to Luna Europark Idroscalo Milano [44] |
Luna Park, Moscow [45] | Moscow, Russia | 1993 to present | Officially called "Luna Park Carousel". |
Luna Park, St. Petersburg | Saint Petersburg, Russia | May 1912 to 1924 | |
Luna Park, Skopje | Skopje, North Macedonia | ? to 2022 | |
Luna Park, București | București, Romania | 1920s-1936 | First amusement park in Romania, it also had the 1st and only true roller coaster in the country. Demolished in 1936 to make space for a department store. |
Name | Location | In operation | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Luna Park, Alexandria County | Alexandria County (now Arlington County), Virginia, U.S. | 1906 to 1915 | Designed and built by Ingersoll. Some sources refer to it as Washington Luna Park or Luna Park, Washington, D.C. [46] |
Luna Park, Buffalo | Buffalo, New York, U.S. | 1904 to 1920 | Designed and built by Ingersoll. Damaged by fire July 14, 1909 [47] Originally Carnival Court, became Athletic Park before closing [48] |
Luna Park, Charleston [49] [50] [51] | Charleston, West Virginia, U.S. | 1912 to 1923 | Most of the park burned down in 1923 after its roller coaster caught fire; now single-family housing. |
Luna Park, Chicago | Chicago, Illinois, U.S. | 1907 to 1911 | Owned by James "Big Jim" O'Leary, boxing promoter who was son of Mrs. O'Leary of Great Chicago Fire fame [52] [53] [54] [55] |
Luna Park, Cleveland | Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. | 1905 to 1929 | Designed by Ingersoll. Former site of Luna Bowl stadium for American football and Negro league baseball games [6] |
Luna Park, Coney Island | New York City, New York, U.S. | 1903 to 1944 | First Luna Park and forerunner of amusement park chain [6] . Now a housing development. |
Luna Park, Coney Island (opened 2010) | New York City, New York, U.S. | 2010 to present | Constructed on the site of the former Astroland (across the street from the original Luna Park). |
Luna Park, Denver | Denver, Colorado, U.S. | 1908 to 1914 | Constructed on the site of the first US amusement park west of the Mississippi River, known as Manhattan Beach (1881–1908) [56] |
Luna Park, Detroit | Detroit, Michigan, U.S. | 1906 to 1927 | Was actually named Electric Park but also called Luna Park, Riverview Park, and Granada Park (Ingersoll Amusement Center was a separate park [6] ) |
Luna Park, Honolulu [6] | Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S. | Closed down unknown time. | Designed and built by Ingersoll. |
Luna Park, Houston [57] | Houston, Texas, U.S. | 1924 to c. 1934 | Much of the site now businesses near a residential development; the northern and eastern edges now covered by Interstate 10 and Interstate 45. |
Luna Park, Hull [58] | Gatineau, Quebec, Canada | 1925 to 1928 | |
Luna Park, Johnstown | Johnstown, Pennsylvania, U.S. | Originally Roxbury Park; renamed Luna Park in 1905; sold to Johnstown in 1922; renamed Roxbury Park [59] | |
Luna Park, Los Angeles | Los Angeles, California, U.S. | 1911 to 1914 | Was Chutes Park 1900–1910 [60] [61] |
Luna Park, Mansfield [62] [63] [64] | Mansfield, Ohio, U.S. | 1905 to ? | Also known as Casino Park |
Luna Park, Mexico City [4] | Mexico City, Mexico | 1906 to ? | Designed by Ingersoll. On the same site as Luna Loca. [5] |
Luna Park, Olcott Beach [48] [65] | Newfane, New York, U.S. | 1898 to 1926 | Destroyed by fire in 1927 [66] |
Luna Park, Pittsburgh | Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S. | 1905 to 1909 | Was first of the Ingersoll Luna Parks and first amusement park to be covered with electric lighting [5] |
Luna Park, Portland | Portland, Oregon, U.S. | 1903 to 1944 | |
Luna Park, San Jose [61] | San Jose, California, U.S. | 1910 to 1916 | Included a baseball stadium that served as home for the San Jose Prune Pickers and San Jose Bears of the California State League. [67] |
Luna Park, Schenectady [68] | Rexford, New York, U.S. | 1901 to 1933 | Designed and built by Ingersoll. Was also known as Dolle's Park, Colonnade Park, Palisades Park, and Rexford Park [69] [70] [71] [72] [73] |
Luna Park, Scranton | Scranton, Pennsylvania, U.S. | 1906 to 1916 | Constructed by Ingersoll. [74] [75] Most of grounds now covered by Interstate 81. |
Luna Park, Seattle | Seattle, Washington, U.S. | 1907 to 1913 | Designed by Looff. [76] |
Luna Park, Sylvan Beach | New York City, New York U.S. | ? | Absorbed by nearby Carnival Park [48] [77] |
Luna Park, West Hartford [78] [79] [80] | West Hartford, Connecticut, U.S. | 1906 to 1930 | Name changed from White City just before the park's grand opening. |
Luna Park, Wheeling | Wheeling, West Virginia, U.S. | 1905 to 1907 |
Name | Location | In operation | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Luna Park Glenelg | Glenelg, South Australia, Australia | 1930 to 1934 | Closed due to objections of local populace to Sunday operations and expansion plans; [81] moved to Milsons Point (1935) and became Luna Park Sydney. |
Luna Park Melbourne [5] | Melbourne, Victoria. Australia | 1912 to present | Designed and built by Ingersoll. Oldest operational Luna Park and famous for having the oldest continually operating roller coaster in the world. |
Luna Park Redcliffe [82] [83] [84] | Redcliffe, Queensland,Australia | 1944 to 1966 | Erected on an unused section of the foreshore just north of Sutton's Beach at Redcliffe Point in late 1944. Owners, Redcliffe Town Council appointed Messrs W. Scott and Philip Wirth as amusement managers. Later the enterprise was sold by the Redcliffe Town Council to local businessman Hal Buchanan who sold it on to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Brisbane, which sold it again in 1952. Amusements included a steam train, ferris wheel, sideshows and car-rides as well as a salt-water swimming pool. [83] [85] [86] [87] [88] [89] [90] |
Luna Park Sydney | Sydney, New South Wales, Australia | 1935 to 1979, 1982 to 1988, 1995 to 1996, 2000 to 2001, 2004 to present | Originally known as Luna Park Milsons Point [91] |
Luna Park Scarborough [81] [92] | Scarborough, Western Australia, Australia | November 25, 1939 [93] [94] [95] to 1972 | |
Luna Park Auckland | Auckland, North Island, New Zealand | 1926 to 1931 | Established on Auckland's Waitemata Harbour, using rides and equipment from the New Zealand and South Seas Exhibition, a world fair that ran in Dunedin, New Zealand, from 1925–1926. Due to the depression, Luna Park began to run at a loss and was shut down in 1931. [96] |
Name | Location | In operation | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Luna Park, Buenos Aires | Buenos Aires, Argentina | 1934 to present | Designed and built by Ingersoll. Became site of a sports arena built 1931–1934. [6] As of 2013, it still runs, serving as a venue for stage concerts & presentations, both national and international, and as a sports arena. Acclaimed international shows such as Disney on Ice and the Harlem Globetrotters have performed in Argentine Luna Park. It is known for its adaptability to host ice-skating rinks, multiple stages, sports courts, and others. |
Luna Park, Rio de Janeiro | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | ? to 2006 | Now used to store portable amusement rides by owner Orlando Orfei; often called Luna Park, Nova Iguaçu |
Lunapark, Lima | Lima, Peru | ? to 2007 | |
Lunapark, Lecherias | Anzoátegui, Venezuela | 2003 to present | Also known as Parque de Atracciones Plaza Mayor |
Luna Park, Santa Fé | Bogotá, Colombia | 1921 to 1948 | Designed and built by Don Nicolás Liévano where today sits the neighborhood of Barrio Restrepo. The park was built around a lake fed by the Fucha River. It counted with several attractions including the Chicago Ferris wheel, a carrousel, a building for events, and more. Designed to entertain families and children of the south of Bogotá it was also used for parades and events during special occasions. By 1948 the luna park construction company decided to fill the lake and build residential areas on top which was supported by the secretary of public works of Bogotá disregarding the protests by the locals against the project. |
Luna Park Melbourne is a historic amusement park located on the foreshore of Port Phillip Bay in St Kilda, Melbourne, Victoria. It opened on 13 December 1912, with a formal opening a week later, and has been operating almost continuously ever since.
The Cyclone, also called the Coney Island Cyclone, is a wooden roller coaster at Luna Park in Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York City. Designed by Vernon Keenan, it opened to the public on June 26, 1927. The roller coaster is on a plot of land at the intersection of Surf Avenue and West 10th Street. The Cyclone reaches a maximum speed of 60 miles per hour (97 km/h) and has a total track length of 2,640 feet (800 m), with a maximum height of 85 feet (26 m).
Reverchon Industries is a developer, designer and manufacturer of amusement park attractions that were sold all over the world. Its production unit is still set in the French city of Samois-sur-Seine, near Fontainebleau.
Luna Park was a trolley park in Cleveland, Ohio, from 1905 to 1929.
Luna Park was one of several names for an amusement park that existed in Rexford, New York, near Schenectady, from 1901 to 1933. In addition to Luna Park, it was also known as Dolle's Park, Colonnade Park, Palisades Park, and (again) Rexford Park before the rides were dismantled in 1933. Constructed around the Grand View Hotel, the park was similar to Ingersoll's other Luna Parks in which it was a trolley park with roller coasters, picnic pavilions, carousels, a fun house, a roller rink, a concert shell, a dance hall, a midway, a Whip, and a shoot-the-chutes ride which presented itself at the park entrance adjacent to a station of the Van Vranken electric trolley line. Roughly seven decades before the Skycoaster rides that now dot various United States amusement parks, Luna/Rexford Park featured an aerial swing ride.
Luna Park was an amusement park in the North Oakland neighborhood of the city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, from 1905 to 1909. Constructed and owned by Frederick Ingersoll, the park occupied a 16 acre hilly site bounded on the south by Atlantic Avenue and on the west by North Craig Street, and included roller coasters, picnic pavilions, carousels, a fun house, a Ferris wheel, a roller rink, a shoot-the-chutes ride, a concert shell, a dance hall, bumper cars, and a baby incubator exhibit. In its brief existence, the park featured regular performances of bands, acrobatic acts, animal acts, horse riders, and aerial acts.
Frederick Ingersoll was an American inventor, designer, builder and entrepreneur who created the world's first chain of amusement parks and whose manufacturing company built 277 roller coasters, fueling the popularity of trolley parks in the first third of the twentieth century. Some of these parks and roller coasters still exist today.
Luna Park Hamburg-Altona was an amusement park in Altona, Hamburg, Germany. At its opening in 1913, it was the largest in Germany; it closed after the outbreak of the First World War in 1914 and reopened for less than a year in 1923.
Electric Park was a name shared by dozens of amusement parks in the United States that were constructed as trolley parks and owned by electric companies and streetcar companies. After 1903, the success of Coney Island inspired a proliferation of parks named Luna Park and Electric Park, while the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 inspired the formation of White City amusement parks at roughly the same time. The existence of most of these parks was generally brief: the bulk of them closed by 1917, the year of the United States' entry into World War I. Many pavilions have outlasted the parks themselves, with a few of them still standing today.
White City is the common name of dozens of amusement parks in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Inspired by the White City and Midway Plaisance sections of the World's Columbian Exhibition of 1893, the parks started gaining in popularity in the last few years of the 19th century. After the 1901 Pan-American Exposition inspired the first Luna Park in Coney Island, a frenzy in building amusement parks ensued in the first two decades of the 20th century.
Luna Park is an amusement park in Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York City. It opened on May 29, 2010, at the site of Astroland, an amusement park that had been in operation from 1962 to 2008, and Dreamland, which operated at the same site for the 2009 season. It was named after the original 1903 Luna Park which operated until 1944 on a site just north of the current park's 1000 Surf Avenue location.
The Cyclone was a wooden roller coaster that operated at Revere Beach in Revere, Massachusetts, from 1925 until 1969. When Cyclone was constructed, it was the tallest roller coaster ever built, as well as being the first roller coaster in the world to reach 100 feet (30 m) in height. In addition to being the tallest roller coaster of its day, some also claim that it was the largest and fastest roller coaster in the world, with a length of 3,600 feet (1,100 m) and top speeds between 45 and 50 mph. Cyclone held the title of world's tallest roller coaster until 1964 when it was surpassed by Montaña Rusa at La Feria Chapultepec Mágico in Mexico City, Mexico.
Deno's Wonder Wheel Amusement Park is a family-owned amusement park located at Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York City. It features six adult rides and 16 kiddie rides, including a dozen family rides that parents and children can ride together. The park is named for its main attraction, the Wonder Wheel, a 150-foot (46 m) eccentric wheel built in 1920.
Luna Park is an amusement park complex in the Tel Aviv Fairgrounds in Tel Aviv, Israel.
Loop the Loop was an early looping steel roller coaster which operated at Olentangy Park in Columbus, Ohio during the first decade of the 1900s. It was one of the first looping roller coasters to operate in North America, and it was designed and built by noted inventor Lina Beecher.
Loop the Loop was a dual-tracked steel roller coaster that operated on Coney Island in Brooklyn, New York, from 1901 to 1910. The coaster was one of the first looping roller coasters in North America.
Thunderbolt is a steel roller coaster at Luna Park in Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York City. It is located near Surf Avenue and West 15th Street, on the Riegelmann Boardwalk next to the B&B Carousell.
Airplane Coaster, known previously as the Aero-Coaster and the Aeroplane Dips, was a wooden roller coaster which operated at Playland Amusement Park in Rye, New York, from 1928 until 1957.
A hybrid roller coaster is a category of roller coasters where the track is made out of one material, either steel or wood, and the support structure is made from another. Early hybrid coasters include mine train roller coasters from Arrow Development, which feature a steel track with a wooden support structure. Becoming increasingly more common are hybrids with wooden tracks and steel supports, such as The Voyage at Holiday World.