Mata Mansa Devi | |
|---|---|
 Guru Amar Das' family. Guru Amar Das, Mansa Devi, and three children. Manuscript painting, ca.1839–1843. | |
| Personal | |
| Born | Mansa Devi Bahil Sankhatra |
| Died | 1569 Goindwal |
| Religion | Sikhism |
| Spouse | Guru Amar Das |
| Children | 4, including Mata Bhani |
| Parent | Dev Chand (father) |
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Mansa Devi (died 1569) was the wife of the third Sikh guru, Guru Amar Das. [note 1] [1] [2] [3]
Amongst Sikh sources, there are three different names ascribed to her. [1]
Mansa Devi was born in Sankhatra (located in present-day Sialkot district) as the daughter of a local Bahil Khatri man named Dev Chand. [2]
She was wedded to Amar Das on 8 January 1503, whilst other sources give the year of marriage as 1502. [2] [4] For a while, the couple did not birth any children but eventually a daughter, named Dani, was born in 1530. [2] The couple would have three further children: a second daughter Bhani (born in 1535), a son Mohan (born in 1536), and a second son Mohri (born in 1539). [2] [5]
She may have influenced her husband's egalitarian views in regards to gender, especially whilst the couple was at Goindwal. [1] A number of reforms aimed at uplifting women and girls are linked to her presence. [1] She convinced her husband to appoint female religious missionaries to spread Sikhism and the banning of sati. [6] Jetha was selected personally by Mata Mansa Devi, as the best match for her daughter Bhani due to his devoted and pious personality. [7] [8]
Guru Angad was the second of the ten Sikh gurus of Sikhism. After meeting Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, becoming a Sikh, and serving and working with Nanak for many years, Nanak gave Lehna the name Angad, and chose Angad as the second Sikh Guru.
Guru Amar Das, sometimes spelled as Guru Amardas, was the third of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Sikh Guru on 26 March 1552 at age 73.
Tarn Taran Sahib is a city in the Majha region of the state of Punjab, in northern India. It is the district headquarters and hosts the municipal council of Tarn Taran district. Gurdwara Sri Tarn Taran Sahib, a prominent Sikh shrine, is located in the central part of the city.
Khivi (1506–1582) also referred to as Mata Khivi or Bibi Khivi was the wife of the second Sikh guru Angad, best known for establishing the Sikh tradition of langar.
Goindwal, also known as Goindwal Sahib and alternatively transliterated as Goindval, is located in the Taran Taran district of the Majha region of Punjab, India about 23 km (14 mi) from Tarn Taran Sahib. In the 16th century it became an important center for the Sikh religion during the Guruship of the Guru Amar Das Ji. Goindwal is on the banks of the Beas River and is one of the focal points of small scale industries of Tarn Taran district.
Mata Gujri, also spelt as Mata Gujari, was the wife of Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Guru of Sikhism, and the mother of Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru of Sikhism. She played a central role in the history of Sikhism and is one of the four consorts bestowed with the title of Guru-Mahal.
Mata Sahib Devan, also known as Mata Sahib Kaur and Mata Sahib Devi, was a wife of Guru Gobind Singh.
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in the Punjab region of the northern part of the Indian subcontinent in the 15th century and opposed many traditional practices like fasting, Upanayana, idolatry, caste system, ascetism, azan, economic materialism, and gender discrimination.
The principles of Sikhism state that women have the same souls as men and thus possess an equal right to cultivate their spirituality with equal chances of achieving salvation. Women in Sikhism participate in all religious, cultural, social, and secular activities including lead religious congregations, take part in the Akhand Path, perform Kirtan, perform Gatka and work as a Granthis.
Bhai Gurdas was a Sikh writer, historian and preacher who served as the Jathedar of the Akal Takht from 1606 to his death in 1636. He was the original scribe of the early version of Guru Granth Sahib, having served as the amanuensis of Guru Arjan in its compilation.
Bibi Bhani, also known as Mata Bhani, was the daughter of Guru Amar Das, the third Sikh Guru. She played a central role in the history of Sikhism and is one of the four consorts bestowed with the title of Guru-Mahal.
Guru Ram Das was the fourth of the ten Sikh gurus. He was born in a family based in Lahore. His birth name was Jetha, and he was orphaned at age seven; he thereafter grew up with his maternal grandmother in a village.
Events from the year 1535 in India.
Events from the year 1598 in India.
Guru Arjan was the fifth of the ten total Sikh Gurus. He compiled the first official edition of the Sikh scripture called the Adi Granth, which later expanded into the Guru Granth Sahib. He is regarded as the first of the two Gurus martyred in the Sikh faith.
The Piri system was part of the Sikh missionary administrative organization founded by the third Sikh guru, Guru Amar Das, for the purpose of propagating Sikhism amongst women. The system was significantly expanded by the seventh Sikh Guru, Guru Har Rai. Each Piri was a Sikh missionary seat and administrative unit. The Piris were sub-centres under the Manji sustem.
Baba Buddha was a prime figure in early Sikhism.
Sulakhni (1473–1545), also known as Choni and often referred as Mata Sulakhni, was the wife of Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism.
Lakhmi Das, also known as Lakhmi Chand, was the younger son of Guru Nanak and Mata Sulakhni and founder of the Jagiasi sect of Sikhism.
Mata Ganga was the wife of the fifth Sikh guru, Guru Arjan. She is one of the four consorts bestowed with the title of Guru-Mahal.
