Marisa cornuarietis

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Marisa cornuarietis
Marisacornuarietis-martin.png
Drawing of a live individual of Marisa cornuarietis: the visible soft parts are covered in dark spots. The edge of the round operculum is visible under the shell.
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Architaenioglossa
Family: Ampullariidae
Genus: Marisa
Species:
M. cornuarietis
Binomial name
Marisa cornuarietis
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Synonyms [2]
  • Ampullaria (Marisa) cornuarietis (Linnaeus, 1758) (unaccepted combination)
  • Ampullaria chiquitensis d'Orbigny, 1838
  • Ampullaria cornuarietis (Linnaeus, 1758) (unaccepted combination)
  • Ampullaria knorrii Philippi, 1852
  • Ampullaria rotula Mousson, 1869 (junior synonym)
  • Ceratodes fasciatus Guilding, 1828
  • Ceratodes rotula Mousson, 1873 (junior synonym)
  • Helix cornuarietis Linnaeus, 1758 (original combination)
  • Marisa cornuarietis var. swifti Guppy, 1866 (variety)
  • Marisa rotula (Mousson, 1869) (junior synonym)
  • Planorbis contrarius O. F. Müller, 1774 (junior synonym)

Marisa cornuarietis, common name the Colombian ramshorn apple snail, is a species of large freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Ampullariidae, the apple snail family.

Contents

These snails are popular in aquariums, and are also used in the wild as a biological control agent.

Distribution

Indigenous distribution

It is widespread in northern South America, although the type locality is unknown. [3] The giant ramshorn snail is native to northern South America and Central America, including Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela. [1]

Non-indigenous distribution

Non-indigenous distribution of Marisa cornuarietis include:

It is considered as about the 74th the worst alien species in Europe. [6]

A shell of Marisa cornuarietis. Marisa cornuarietis 01.JPG
A shell of Marisa cornuarietis.

Description

A live Marisa cornuarietis. This photo shows a left side of the snail and umbilical view of the shell. Paradiesschnecke.jpg
A live Marisa cornuarietis. This photo shows a left side of the snail and umbilical view of the shell.
A shell of Marisa cornuarietis Marisa cornuarietis.jpg
A shell of Marisa cornuarietis

Although Marisa snails superficially resemble the great ramshorn snail because of the planispiral coiling of their shells, they are not at all closely related to true ramshorn snails in the family Planorbidae.

This is an easily recognizable species: the shell is flat-coiled (planispiral). [4] The shell color varies from pale to darker red or brown or more vivid shades of those colors, and is fairly often striped. [4]

The shell diameter is usually 35–50 mm (2 in) or even larger. [4]

Ecology

This species has gills as well as a lung, to ensure efficient underwater respiration even in condition of low levels of dissolved oxygen. [4]

Habitat

This snail prefers still or slow-moving fresh water, depending on the availability of aquatic vegetation as a food source. [4]

Feeding habits

This species eats aquatic plants, algae, dead fish and snails.

Easily adaptable to captivity, this snail may invade and damage aquarium vegetation. [4] It is practically omnivorous, and feeds on animal and vegetal detritus. [4] This snail acts as a useful aquarium scavenger when it is not excessively numerous. [4]

Studies revealed that this species retards the growth of water hyacinths by feeding on the roots of the plants. [4] It has been suggested that the snail be used as weed-control agent in the canals of south Florida. [4]

Life cycle

A gonochoric species, it lays eggs in characteristic disk-shape clutches, adhering to various substrates. Unlike some other apple snails, this snail lays its eggs below the waterline. [3]

Human use

In the aquarium

It is a part of ornamental pet trade for freshwater aquaria. [7]

Marisa cornuarietis is one of about 120 species belonging to the family Ampullariidae, also known as the apple snail family (and sometimes called Pilidae). These apple snails are commonly sold in pet stores under the misleading names "giant ramshorn snail" and "Colombian ramshorn snail". Oftentimes "Columbian" is used, which is a mistake, as this implies the animal was named after Christopher Columbus, which it was not.[ citation needed ] This species is native to Colombia.

Marisa cornuarietis is usually purchased intentionally from pet stores, whereas true ramshorn snails (family Planorbidae) are very often considered to be aquarium pests, acquired accidentally, clinging to leaves of aquatic plants.[ citation needed ]

These apple snails grow to be much larger than the true ramshorn snails, and they consume large amounts of plant matter. This means they are not suitable for the planted aquarium.

As a biological control agent

Marisa cornuarietis is used as a biological control to reduce the number of Biomphalaria snails, which are intermediate hosts to the disease Schistosomiasis. Schistosoma larvae (cercariae), namely of Schistosoma haematobium , enter and develop inside the Biomphlaria, to form miracidium, which can penetrate through skin to enter the human body. Marisa cornuarietis compete with the Biomphalaria vectors for food. They also eat the eggs of Biomphalaria, thereby effectively reducing the chances of Schistosomia being spread.

The potential ecological impacts of this species in North America were reviewed by Howells et al. in 2006. [8]

The snail has been released in some areas in an attempt to control the invasive aquatic plant genus Hydrilla . [4]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ampullariidae</span> Family of gastropods

Ampullariidae, whose members are commonly known as apple snails, is a family of large freshwater snails that includes the mystery snail species. They are aquatic gastropod mollusks with a gill and an operculum. These snails simultaneously have a gill and a lung as functional respiratory structures, which are separated by a division of the mantle cavity. This adaptation allows these animals to be amphibious. Species in this family are considered gonochoristic, meaning that each individual organism is either male or female.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ramshorn snail</span> Common name for several species of snail

The term ramshorn snail or ram's horn snail is used in two different ways. In the aquarium trade it is used to describe various kinds of freshwater snails whose shells are planispiral, meaning that the shell is a flat coil. Such shells resemble a coil of rope, or a ram's horn. In a more general natural history context, the term "ramshorn snails" is used more precisely to mean those aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae that have planispiral coiled shells.

<i>Biomphalaria</i> Genus of freshwater snails

Biomphalaria is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonates belonging to the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails and their allies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Planorbidae</span> Family of gastropods

Planorbidae, common name the ramshorn snails or ram's horn snails, is a family of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod molluscs. Unlike most molluscs, the blood of ram's horn snails contains iron-based hemoglobin instead of copper-based hemocyanin. As a result, planorbids are able to breathe oxygen more efficiently than other molluscs. The presence of hemoglobin gives the body a reddish colour. This is especially apparent in albino animals.

<i>Pomacea canaliculata</i> Species of gastropod

Pomacea canaliculata, commonly known as the golden apple snail or the channeled apple snail, is a species of large freshwater snail with gills and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Ampullariidae, the apple snails. South American in origin, this species is considered to be in the top 100 of the "World's Worst Invasive Alien Species". It is also ranked as the 40th worst alien species in Europe and the worst alien species of gastropod in Europe.

<i>Biomphalaria glabrata</i> Species of mollusc

Biomphalaria glabrata is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Freshwater snail</span> Non-marine snail

Freshwater snails are gastropod mollusks that live in fresh water. There are many different families. They are found throughout the world in various habitats, ranging from ephemeral pools to the largest lakes, and from small seeps and springs to major rivers. The great majority of freshwater gastropods have a shell, with very few exceptions. Some groups of snails that live in freshwater respire using gills, whereas other groups need to reach the surface to breathe air. In addition, some are amphibious and have both gills and a lung. Most feed on algae, but many are detritivores and some are filter feeders.

<i>Biomphalaria tenagophila</i> Species of gastropod

Biomphalaria tenagophila is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.

<i>Biomphalaria straminea</i> Species of gastropod

Biomphalaria straminea is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.

<i>Biomphalaria pfeifferi</i> Species of gastropod

Biomphalaria pfeifferi is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic animal pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.

Biomphalaria stanleyi is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.

<i>Biomphalaria havanensis</i> Species of gastropod

Biomphalaria havanensis, common name the ghost rams-horn, is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.

<i>Biomphalaria sudanica</i> Species of mollusc

Biomphalaria sudanica is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod belonging to the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. Biomphalaria sudanica has a discoidal, brown shell with an approximate shell diameter of 9–11mm. Biomphalaria sudanica is a medically important pest, due to it being an intermediate host of the intravascular trematode genus, Schistosoma.

Biomphalaria kuhniana is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.

<i>Indoplanorbis</i> Genus of gastropods

Indoplanorbis is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snail. Its only member species is Indoplanorbis exustus, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The species is widely distributed across the tropics. It serves as an important intermediate host for several trematode parasites. The invasive nature and ecological tolerance of Indoplanorbis exustus add to its importance in veterinary and medical science.

<i>Bulinus globosus</i> Species of gastropod

Bulinus globosus is a species of a tropical freshwater snail with a sinistral shell, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ramshorn snails and their allies.

<i>Bulinus jousseaumei</i> Species of gastropod

Bulinus jousseaumei is a species of tropical freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ramshorn snails and their allies. Like other planorbids, the shell of the species is sinistral in coiling.

<i>Biomphalaria choanomphala</i> Species of mollusc

Biomphalaria choanomphala is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. Biomphalaria choanomphala has a discoidal, brownish-yellow shell with an approximate shell diameter of 6-10 mm. Biomphalaria choanomphala is a medically important pest, due to it being an intermediate host of the intravascular trematode genus, Schistosoma.

References

This article incorporates a public domain text from the reference [4] and CC-BY-2.0 text from the reference. [3]

  1. 1 2 Pastorino, G.; Darrigan, G. (2011). "Marisa cornuarietis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2011: e.T189507A8741248. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T189507A8741248.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Marisa cornuarietis (Linnaeus, 1758)". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2022-01-15.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Rawlings, T. A.; Hayes, K. A.; Cowie, R. H.; Collins, T. M. (2007). "The identity, distribution, and impacts of non-native apple snails in the continental United States". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 7: 97. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-7-97 . PMC   1919357 . PMID   17594487.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 United States Geological Survey. (2008). Marisa cornuarietis. USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL. Revision Date: 2/6/2008
  5. Vázquez A. A. & Perera S. (2010). "Endemic Freshwater molluscs of Cuba and their conservation status". Tropical Conservation Science 3(2): 190-199. HTM, PDF.
  6. Nentwig, Wolfgang; Bacher, Sven; Kumschick, Sabrina; Pyšek, Petr; Vilà, Montserrat (2017-12-18). "More than "100 worst" alien species in Europe". Biological Invasions. 20 (6): 1611–1621. doi: 10.1007/s10530-017-1651-6 . hdl: 10261/158710 . ISSN   1387-3547.
  7. Ng, T. H.; Tan, S. K.; Wong, W. H.; Meier, R.; Chan, S. Y.; Tan, H. H.; Yeo, D. C. (2016). "Molluscs for sale: assessment of freshwater gastropods and bivalves in the ornamental pet trade". PLOS ONE. 11 (8): e0161130. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161130 . PMC   4985174 . PMID   27525660.
  8. Howells, R.G.; Burlakova, L.E.; Karatayev, A.Y.; Marfurt, R.K.; Burks, R.L. (2006). "Native and introduced Ampullariidae in North America: History, status, and ecology". Global Advances in the Ecology and Management of Golden Apple Snails (Joshi R. C., Sebastian L. S., Muñoz N. E., eds.). Philippine Rice Research Institute. pp. 73–112. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.498.2879 .

Further reading