Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation

Last updated

Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation
Emblem of India.svg
Agency overview
FormedSeptember 1985;38 years ago (1985-09)
Preceding agencies
  • Ministry of National Resources and Scientific Research (1951-52)
  • Ministry of Irrigation and Power (1952-74; 1985)
  • Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation (1974-80)
  • Ministry of Energy and Irrigation (1980)
  • Ministry of Irrigation (1980-85)
DissolvedMay 2019 [1]
Superseding agency
Jurisdiction Government of India
HeadquartersMinistry of Water Resources, Shram Shakti Bhawan, Rafi Marg, New Delhi
Annual budget US$243,134,089 [2]
Website jalshakti-dowr.gov.in

The Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation was the apex body for formulation and administration of rules and regulations relating to the development and regulation of the water resources in India. The Ministry was formed in January 1985 following the bifurcation of the then Ministry of Irrigation and Power, when the Department of Irrigation was re-constituted as the Ministry of Water Resources. In July 2014, the Ministry was renamed to “Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation”, making it the National Ganga River Basin Authority for conservation, development, management, and abatement of pollution in the river Ganges and its tributaries. [3] In May 2019, this ministry was merged with the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation to form the Ministry of Jal Shakti.

Contents

Organisations

CGWB

Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), created in 1970 under the Ministry of Water Resources of India, for regulation of ground water development to ensure long-term sustainability. It is responsible for "providing scientific inputs for management, exploration, monitoring, assessment, augmentation and regulation of ground water resources of the country." It is a multi-disciplinary scientific entity comprising Hydrologists, Hydrometeorologists, Hydrogeologists, Geophysicists, Chemists, and Engineers. It is headquartered at NH-19 (old NH-4) in Faridabad in Haryana. [9]

It has following 4 wings: [9]

  1. Sustainable Management & Liaison (SML)
  2. Survey, Assessment & Monitoring (SAM)
  3. Exploratory Drilling & Materials Management (ED&MM)
  4. Water Quality & Training and Technology Transfer (WQ&TT)

Cabinet Ministers

Note: MoS (I/C) Minister of State (Independent Charge)

No.PortraitMinister
(Birth-Death)
Term of officePolitical partyMinistryPrime Minister
FromToPeriod
Minister of Works, Mines and Power
1 Narahar Vishnu Gadgil Official portrait 1958.jpg Narhar Vishnu Gadgil
(1896–1966)
MCA for Bombay
15 August
1947
26 December
1950
3 years, 133 days Indian National Congress Nehru I Jawaharlal Nehru
Minister of Natural Resources and Scientific Research
2 Sri Prakasa Portrait.jpg Sri Prakasa
(1890–1971)
26 December
1950
13 May
1952
1 year, 139 days Indian National Congress Nehru I Jawaharlal Nehru
3 Maulana Abul Kalam Azad.jpg Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(1888–1958)
MP for Rampur
13 May
1952
6 June
1952
24 days Nehru II
Minister of Irrigation and Power
4 Gulzarilal Nanda 1.jpg Gulzarilal Nanda
(1898–1998)
MP for Sabarkantha
6 June
1952
17 April
1957
4 years, 315 days Indian National Congress Nehru II Jawaharlal Nehru
5 Miss India Indrani Rehman, S.K. Patil, and two of the sponsors of the contest (cropped).jpg S. K. Patil
(1898–1981)
MP for Mumbai South
17 April
1957
2 April
1958
350 days Nehru III
6 Hafiz Mohammad Ibrahim Rajya Sabha photo.jpg Hafiz Mohamad Ibrahim
(1889–1968)
Rajya Sabha MP for Uttar Pradesh
2 April
1958
10 April
1962
5 years, 85 days
10 April
1962
26 June
1963
Nehru IV
7 Kanuri Lakshmana Rao
(1902–1986)
MP for Vijayawada

(MoS)
19 July
1963
27 May
1964
326 days
27 May
1964
9 June
1964
Nanda I Gulzarilal Nanda
(Acting)
8 H. C. Dasappa official portrait.gif H. C. Dasappa
(1894–1964)
MP for Bangalore
9 June
1964
19 July
1964
40 days Shastri Lal Bahadur Shastri
(7) Kanuri Lakshmana Rao
(1902–1986)
MP for Vijayawada

(MoS)
19 July
1964
11 January
1966
1 year, 189 days
11 January
1966
24 January
1966
Nanda II Gulzarilal Nanda
(acting)
9 President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed.jpg Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
(1905–1977)
MP for Barpeta
24 January
1966
13 November
1966
293 days Indira I Indira Gandhi
(7) Kanuri Lakshmana Rao
(1902–1986)
MP for Vijayawada

(MoS)
13 November
1966
18 March
1971
6 years, 361 days
18 March
1971
9 November
1973
Indira II
10 Shri K.C Pant (cropped).jpg K. C. Pant
(1931–2012)
MP for Nainital
9 November
1973
10 October
1974
335 days
Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation
11 Jagjivan Ram 1991 stamp of India.jpg Jagjivan Ram
(1908–1986)
MP for Sasaram
10 October
1974
2 February
1977
2 years, 115 days Indian National Congress Indira II Indira Gandhi
12 ParkashSinghBadal.JPG Parkash Singh Badal
(1927–2023)
MP for Faridkot
28 March
1977
17 June
1977
81 days Shiromani Akali Dal Desai Morarji Desai
13 Surjit Singh Barnala, 2008.png Surjit Singh Barnala
(1925–2017)
MP for Sangrur
18 June
1977
28 July
1979
2 years, 40 days
14 Chaudhary Brahm Parkash.jpg Brahm Prakash
(1918–1993)
MP for Outer Delhi
28 July
1979
14 January
1980
170 days Indian National Congress (Urs) Charan Charan Singh
Minister of Irrigation
15 Indian Minister Ghani Khan.jpg A. B. A. Ghani Khan Choudhury
(1927–2006)
MP for Malda
16 January
1980
8 June
1980
144 days Indian National Congress Indira III Indira Gandhi
16 Kedar Pandey.jpg Kedar Pandey
(1920–1982)
MP for Bettiah
8 June
1980
12 November
1980
157 days
17 Birender Singh b1921 2023 stamp of India.jpg Rao Birender Singh
(1921–2000)
MP for Mahendragarh
12 November
1980
15 January
1982
1 year, 64 days
(16) Kedar Pandey.jpg Kedar Pandey
(1920–1982)
MP for Bettiah
15 January
1982
29 January
1983
1 year, 14 days
18 Ram Niwas Mirdha (cropped).jpg Ram Niwas Mirdha
(1924–2010)
Rajya Sabha MP for Rajasthan

(MoS, I/C)
29 January
1983
2 August
1984
1 year, 186 days
19 Prakash Chandra Sethi Lok Sabha photo.jpg Prakash Chandra Sethi
(1919–1996)
MP for Indore
2 August
1984
31 October
1984
90 days
20 Veteran Leader Ck jaffer Sharief on a Hartal (cropped).JPG C. K. Jaffer Sharief
(1933–2018)
MP for Bangalore North
4 November
1984
31 December
1984
57 days Rajiv I Rajiv Gandhi
21 B. Shankaranand portrait.jpg B. Shankaranand
(1925–2009)
MP for Chikkodi
31 December
1984
25 September
1985
268 days Rajiv II
Minister of Water Resources
22 B. Shankaranand portrait.jpg B. Shankaranand
(1925–2009)
MP for Chikkodi
25 September
1985
22 August
1987
1 year, 331 days Indian National Congress Rajiv II Rajiv Gandhi
Rajiv Gandhi, the 6th PM of India.jpg Rajiv Gandhi
(1944–1991)
MP for Amethi

(Prime Minister)
22 August
1987
10 November
1987
19 days
23 Ram Niwas Mirdha (cropped).jpg Ram Niwas Mirdha
(1924–2010)
Rajya Sabha MP for Rajasthan

(MoS, I/C)
10 November
1987
14 February
1988
96 days
24 Dinesh Singh Lok Sabha portrait.gif Dinesh Singh
(1925–1995)
MP for Pratapgarh
14 February
1988
25 June
1988
132 days
(22) B. Shankaranand portrait.jpg B. Shankaranand
(1925–2009)
MP for Chikkodi
25 June
1988
4 July
1989
1 year, 9 days
25 M.M. Jacob photo.jpg M. M. Jacob
(1926–2018)
Rajya Sabha MP for Kerala

(MoS, I/C)
4 July
1989
2 December
1989
151 days
26 Manubhai Kotadia Lok Sabha photo.jpg Manubhai Kotadia
(1936–2003)
MP for Amreli

(MoS, I/C until 5 November 1990)
6 December
1989
5 November
1990
334 days Janata Dal V. P. Singh V. P. Singh
21 November
1990
26 April
1991
156 days Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) Chandra Shekhar Chandra Shekhar
Chandra Shekhar Singh.jpg Chandra Shekhar
(1927–2007)
MP for Ballia

(Prime Minister)
26 April
1991
21 June
1991
56 days
27 Vidya Charan Shukla (cropped).jpg Vidya Charan Shukla
(1929–2013)
MP for Raipur
21 June
1991
17 January
1996
4 years, 210 days Indian National Congress Rao P. V. Narasimha Rao
Visit of Narasimha Rao, Indian Minister for Foreign Affairs, to the CEC (cropped)(2).jpg P. V. Narasimha Rao
(1921–2004)
MP for Nandyal

(Prime Minister)
17 January
1996
7 February
1996
21 days
28 A. R. Antulay with Shivraj Patil (cropped).jpg A. R. Antulay
(1929–2014)
MP for Kolaba
7 February
1996
16 May
1996
99 days
Atal Bihari Vajpayee tribute image (cropped).jpg Atal Bihari Vajpayee
(1924–2018)
MP for Lucknow

(Prime Minister)
16 May
1996
1 June
1996
16 days Bharatiya Janata Party Vajpayee I Atal Bihari Vajpayee
H. D. Deve Gowda BNC.jpg H. D. Deve Gowda
(born 1933)
Unelected

(Prime Minister)
1 June
1996
29 June
1996
28 days Janata Dal Deve Gowda H. D. Deve Gowda
29 Janeshwar Mishra
(1933–2010)
Rajya Sabha MP for Uttar Pradesh
29 June
1996
21 April
1997
345 days Samajwadi Party
21 April
1997
9 June
1997
Gujral Inder Kumar Gujral
30 Sis Ram Ola (cropped).jpg Sis Ram Ola
(1927–2013)
MP for Jhunjhunu

(MoS, I/C)
9 June
1997
19 March
1998
283 days All India Indira Congress (Tiwari)
Atal Bihari Vajpayee tribute image (cropped).jpg Atal Bihari Vajpayee
(1924–2018)
MP for Lucknow

(Prime Minister)
19 March
1998
13 October
1999
1 year, 208 days Bharatiya Janata Party Vajpayee II Atal Bihari Vajpayee
31 Pramod jee.jpg Pramod Mahajan
(1949–2006)
Rajya Sabha MP for Maharashtra
13 October
1999
22 November
1999
40 days Vajpayee III
32 C. P. Thakur PIB 2004 (cropped).jpg C. P. Thakur
(born 1931)
MP for Patna
22 November
1999
27 May
2000
187 days
33 Arjun Charan Sethi Image.jpg Arjun Charan Sethi
(1941–2020)
MP for Bhadrak
27 May
2000
22 May
2004
3 years, 361 days Biju Janata Dal
34 Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi PIB.jpg Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi
(1945–2017)
MP for Raiganj
23 May
2004
18 November
2005
1 year, 179 days Indian National Congress Manmohan I Manmohan Singh
35 Santosh Mohan Dev addressing the press conference in New Delhi on November 20, 2008 (cropped).jpg Santosh Mohan Dev
(1934–2017)
MP for Silchar

(MoS, I/C)
18 November
2005
29 January
2006
72 days
36 Saifuddin Soz in September 2007 (cropped).jpg Saifuddin Soz
(born 1937)
Rajya Sabha MP for Jammu and Kashmir
29 January
2006
22 May
2009
3 years, 113 days
37 Meira Kumar in 2013.jpg Meira Kumar
(born 1945)
MP for Sasaram
28 May
2009
31 May
2009
3 days Manmohan II
Manmohan Singh in 2009.jpg Manmohan Singh
(born 1932)
Rajya Sabha MP for Assam

(Prime Minister)
31 May
2009
14 June
2009
14 days
38 The Union Minister for Railways, Shri Pawan Kumar Bansal inaugurating the New Block of Civil Hospital at Manimajra, in Chandigarh on April 07, 2013.jpg Pawan Kumar Bansal
(born 1948)
MP for Chandigarh
14 June
2009
19 January
2011
1 year, 219 days
39 Salman Khurshid portrait (cropped).jpg Salman Khurshid
(born 1953)
MP for Farrukhabad
19 January
2011
12 July
2011
174 days
(38) The Union Minister for Railways, Shri Pawan Kumar Bansal inaugurating the New Block of Civil Hospital at Manimajra, in Chandigarh on April 07, 2013.jpg Pawan Kumar Bansal
(born 1948)
MP for Chandigarh
12 July
2011
28 October
2012
1 year, 108 days
40 HarishRawat.jpg Harish Rawat
(born 1948)
MP for Haridwar
28 October
2012
1 February
2014
1 year, 96 days
41 Ghulam Nabi Azad at Healthcare Skill Summit 2013 (cropped).jpg Ghulam Nabi Azad
(born 1949)
Rajya Sabha MP for Jammu and Kashmir
1 February
2014
26 May
2014
114 days
Minister of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
42 Uma Bharati in 2014.jpg Uma Bharti
(born 1959)
MP for Jhansi
27 May
2014
3 September
2017
3 years, 99 days Bharatiya Janata Party Modi I Narendra Modi
43 Shri Nitin Gadkari on March 3, 2023 (cropped).jpg Nitin Gadkari
(born 1957)
MP for Nagpur
3 September
2017
30 May
2019
1 year, 269 days
Ministry merged with Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation to form Ministry of Jal Shakti

Ministers of State

PortraitMinister
(Birth-Death)
Constituency
Term of officePolitical partyMinistryPrime Minister
FromToPeriod
Minister of State for Irrigation and Power
O. V. Alagesan Lok Sabha image.gif O. V. Alagesan
(1911–1992)
MP for Chengalpattu
8 May
1962
19 July
1963
1 year, 72 days Indian National Congress Nehru IV Jawaharlal Nehru
Kanuri Lakshmana Rao
(1902–1986)
MP for Vijayawada
9 June
1964
19 July
1964
40 days Shastri Lal Bahadur Shastri
24 January
1966
13 November
1966
293 days Indira I Indira Gandhi
Minister of State for Agriculture and Irrigation
Annasaheb Shinde
(1922–1993)
MP for Kopargaon
10 October
1974
24 March
1977
2 years, 165 days Indian National Congress Indira II Indira Gandhi
Shah Nawaz Khan.jpg Shah Nawaz Khan
(1914–1993)
MP for Meerut
10 October
1974
24 March
1977
2 years, 165 days
Bhanu Pratap Singh
(born 1935)
Rajya Sabha MP for Uttar Pradesh
14 August
1977
15 July
1979
1 year, 335 days Janata Party Desai Morarji Desai
Nathuram Mirdha
(1921–1996)
MP for Nagaur
4 August
1979
25 October
1979
82 days Janata Party (Secular) Charan Charan Singh
M. V. Krishnappa
(1918–1980)
MP for Chikballapur
4 August
1979
14 January
1980
163 days
Minister of State for Irrigation
Ziaur Rahman Ansari Lok Sabha photo.jpg Ziaur Rahman Ansari
(1925–1992)
MP for Unnao
19 January
1980
29 January
1983
3 years, 10 days Indian National Congress Indira III Indira Gandhi
Harinath Mishra
MP for Darbhanga
2 August
1984
31 October
1984
90 days
Minister of State for Water Resources
Krishna Sahi Lok Sabha photo.jpg Krishna Sahi
(born 1931)
MP for Begusarai
14 February
1988
4 July
1989
1 year, 140 days Indian National Congress Rajiv II Rajiv Gandhi
Prem Khandu Thungan
(born 1946)
MP for Arunachal West
19 January
1993
10 February
1995
2 years, 22 days Rao P. V. Narasimha Rao
P. V. Rangayya Naidu (cropped).jpg P. V. Rangayya Naidu
(born 1933)
MP for Khammam
10 February
1995
16 May
1996
1 year, 96 days
Sompal Shastri
(born 1942)
MP for Baghpat
3 February
1999
13 October
1999
252 days Bharatiya Janata Party Vajpayee II Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Bijoya Chakravarty in August 2015.jpg Bijoya Chakravarty
(born 1939)
MP for Gauhati
13 October
1999
22 May
2004
4 years, 222 days Vajpayee III
Jay Prakash Narayan Yadav (cropped).jpg Jay Prakash Narayan Yadav
(born 1954)
MP for Munger
23 May
2004
6 November
2005
1 year, 167 days Rashtriya Janata Dal Manmohan I Manmohan Singh
24 October
2006
22 May
2009
2 years, 210 days
Vincent Pala distributing awards (cropped).jpg Vincent Pala
(born 1968)
MP for Shillong
28 May
2009
28 October
2012
3 years, 153 days Indian National Congress Manmohan II
Minister of State for Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
Santosh Kumar Gangwar (cropped).jpg Santosh Kumar Gangwar
(born 1948)
MP for Bareilly
27 May
2014
9 November
2014
166 days Bharatiya Janata Party Modi I Narendra Modi
Sanwar Lal Jat (cropped).jpg Sanwar Lal Jat
(1955–2017)
MP for Ajmer
9 November
2014
5 July
2016
1 year, 239 days
Vijay Goel (cropped).jpg Vijay Goel
(born 1954)
Rajya Sabha MP for Rajasthan
5 July
2016
3 September
2017
1 year, 60 days
Sanjeev Kumar Balyan.jpg Sanjeev Balyan
(born 1972)
MP for Muzaffarnagar
5 July
2016
3 September
2017
1 year, 60 days
Arjun Ram Meghwal 2017 (cropped).jpg Arjun Ram Meghwal
(born 1953)
MP for Bikaner
3 September
2017
30 May
2019
1 year, 269 days
Satyapal Singh.jpg Satya Pal Singh
(born 1955)
MP for Baghpat
3 September
2017
30 May
2019
1 year, 269 days
Ministry merged with Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation to form Ministry of Jal Shakti

Deputy Ministers

PortraitMinister
(Birth-Death)
Constituency
Term of officePolitical partyMinistryPrime Minister
FromToPeriod
Deputy Minister of Irrigation and Power
Jaisukh lal Hathi.png Jaisukhlal Hathi
(1909–1982)
MP for Gujarat (Rajya Sabha), until 1957
MP for Halar, from 1957
12 September
1952
17 April
1957
9 years, 210 days Indian National Congress Nehru II Jawaharlal Nehru
17 April
1957
10 April
1962
Nehru III
Shyam Dhar Mishra
(1919–2001)
MP for Mirzapur
15 June
1964
11 January
1966
1 year, 223 days Shastri Lal Bahadur Shastri
11 January
1966
24 January
1966
Nanda II Gulzarilal Nanda
(acting)
Siddheshwar Prasad
(1929–2023)
MP for Nalanda
13 November
1967
18 March
1971
3 years, 170 days Indira I Indira Gandhi
18 March
1971
2 May
1971
Indira II
Baijnath Kureel
(1920–1984)
MP for Ramsanehighat
2 May
1971
4 February
1973
1 year, 278 days
Balgovind Verma
(1923–1980)
MP for Kheri
5 February
1973
9 November
1973
277 days
Siddheshwar Prasad
(1929–2023)
MP for Nalanda
9 November
1973
10 October
1974
335 days
Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation
Kedar Nath Singh
MP for Sultanpur
10 October
1974
24 March
1977
2 years, 165 days Indian National Congress Indira II Indira Gandhi
Prabhudas Patel.jpg Prabhudas Patel
(1914–?)
MP for Dabhoi
23 October
1974
14 March
1977
2 years, 142 days

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Water pollution is a major environmental issue in India. The largest source of water pollution in India is untreated sewage. Other sources of pollution include agricultural runoff and unregulated small-scale industry. Most rivers, lakes and surface water in India are polluted due to industries, untreated sewage and solid wastes. Although the average annual precipitation in India is about 4000 billion cubic metres, only about 1122 billion cubic metres of water resources are available for utilization due to lack of infrastructure. Much of this water is unsafe, because pollution degrades water quality. Water pollution severely limits the amount of water available to Indian consumers, its industry and its agriculture.

WAPCOS Limited, earlier known as Water and Power Consultancy Services (India) Limited, is an Indian consultancy service provider under the ownership of the Government of India and administrative control of the Ministry of Jal Shakti. The firm provides consultancy services in the fields of water resources, power and infrastructure. Launched in 1969, it is a "Mini Ratna" company with several projects across India, Asia and Africa.

Water scarcity in India is an ongoing water crisis that affects nearly hundreds of million of people each year. In addition to affecting the huge rural and urban population, the water scarcity in India also extensively affects the ecosystem and agriculture. India has only 4% of the world's fresh water resources despite a population of over 1.4 billion people. In addition to the disproportionate availability of freshwater, water scarcity in India also results from drying up of rivers and their reservoirs in the summer months, right before the onset of the monsoons throughout the country. The crisis has especially worsened in the recent years due to climate change which results in delayed monsoons, consequently drying out reservoirs in several regions. Other factors attributed to the shortage of water in India are a lack of proper infrastructure and government oversight and unchecked water pollution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Central Water and Power Research Station</span>

The Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS) Pune is the major research organisation in the field of hydraulic and allied research as a subordinate office of the Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of India and deals with planning, organising and undertaking specific research and development studies related to optimising designs of river, coastal, water storage and conveyance hydraulic structures.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Afroz Ahmad</span> Indian environmental scientist

Afroz Ahmad is an Indian environment scientist and a former civil servant. He possesses United Nations expertise in Environmental management and protection and Leadership. He is credited for integrating the environment with development and ensuring sustainable development in India.

Ministry of Water Resources (India) may refer to:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ministry of Jal Shakti</span> Government of India

The Ministry of Jal Shakti is a ministry under Government of India which was formed in May 2019 under the second Modi ministry. This was formed by merging of two ministries; Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation and Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Central Water Commission</span> Indian government agency

Central Water Commission (CWC) is a premier Technical Organization of India in the field of Water Resources and is presently functioning as an attached office of the Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of India. The Commission is entrusted with the general responsibilities of initiating, coordinating and furthering in consultation of the State Governments concerned, schemes for control, conservation and utilization of water resources throughout the country, for purpose of Flood Control, Irrigation, Navigation, Drinking Water Supply and Hydro Power Development. It also undertakes the investigations, construction and execution of any such schemes as required.

Teesta Khangtse Glacier or Tista Khangtse Glacier is located in the north of Sikkim, India, in a region bordering Tibet. This valley glacier is the primary source of the Teesta River.

Lapalang is a village in the East Khasi Hills district, Meghalaya, India. As per 2011 Census of India, Lapalang has a population of 4,292 people with a literacy rate of 76.47%.

Aurangabad is a community development block in Aurangabad subdivision, Aurangabad district, Bihar, India.

References

  1. "Govt forms 'Jal Shakti' Ministry by merging Water Resources and Drinking Water Ministries". Business Standard. 31 May 2019. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
  2. "Budget turns spotlight on railways, roads". Times of India. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
  3. Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation. "Organizational history of the Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation". Website of MoWRRDGR. Government of India. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  4. "Central Ground Water Board, Ministry of Water Resources, RD &GR Government of India". Cgwb.gov.in. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  5. "Home Page: Central Soil and Materials Research Station". Csmrs.gov.in. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  6. "Central Water Commission - An apex organization in water resources development in India". Cwc.gov.in. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  7. "National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, India". Nihroorkee.gov.in. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  8. "Welcome to NERIWALM, INDIA". Neriwalm.gov.in. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  9. 1 2 Central Ground Water Authority info, cgwb.gov.in, accessed 20 July 2021.