| Octopodidae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Greater blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena lunulata) | |
 | |
| Octopus vulgaris | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Cephalopoda |
| Order: | Octopoda |
| Superfamily: | Octopodoidea |
| Family: | Octopodidae Orbigny, 1839 |
| Genera | |
See text | |
The Octopodidae comprise the family containing the majority of known octopus species.
The World Register of Marine Species lists these genera: [1]
Enteroctopus is an octopus genus whose members are sometimes known as giant octopus.
Octopus is the largest genus of octopuses, comprising more than 100 species. These species are widespread throughout the world's oceans. Many species formerly placed in the genus Octopus are now assigned to other genera within the family. The octopus has 8 arms, averaging 20 cm long for an adult. Octopodidae.
Teretoctopus is a genus of octopuses in the family Octopodidae.
Adelieledone is a genus of octopuses in the family Megaleledonidae.
Graneledone is a genus of octopuses in the family Octopodidae. The type species is Eledone verrucosaVerrill, 1881.
Abdopus is a genus of octopuses in the family Octopodidae.
Pinnoctopus is a genus of octopuses in the family Octopodidae. It is of doubtful validity.
Scaeurgus is a genus of octopuses in the family Octopodidae. The species of this genus are characterized by inhabiting the upper bathyal benthic zone from temperate and tropical latitudes in all major oceans.
Amphioctopus is a genus of octopuses comprising around 16 species.
Histoctopus is an octopus genus containing two species: Histoctopus zipkasae, the type species, and Histoctopus discus. The former is found in the south-west Pacific Ocean while the latter is found in the Indian Ocean. The three taxa were described in 2009 by Mark D. Norman, Renata Boucher-Rodoni and F. G. Hochberg in the Journal of Molluscan Studies. The genus name is derived from octopus and the Greek word histos, meaning "web" or "tissue", in reference to the membrane on the outside of the arms. The type species was named zipkasae, "after the senior author's wonderful wife, Karen Zipkas", while the name of H. discus comes from the Latin discus, meaning "plate", in reference to the large suckers.
Callistoctopus is a genus of nocturnal, orange octopuses in the family Octopodidae. They are readily identifiable by their reddish coloring, the white papillae that line their bodies, and their long arms. Though sympatric with diurnal Octopus species, they avoid competition by hunting at night. In acknowledgement of this preference, many species of Callistoctopus are referred to as night octopuses. Well-known species include C. macropus and the type species C. ornatus, both of which are harvested for human consumption as seafood.
Megaleledonidae is a family of octopuses in the superfamily Octopodoidea. It was formerly placed in the family Octopodidae sensu lato as the subfamily Megaleledoninae but more recent studies have raised this taxon as a valid family.
Microeledone mangoldi, the sickle-tooth pygmy octopus, is a species of octopus from the family Megaleledonidae. This species was described in 2004, the type specimen being a male which was collected from a depth of approximately 1,000 m (3,300 ft) near the Norfolk Ridge, in the southwest Pacific Ocean near New Caledonia. It is a very small octopus which has a single row of suckers, lacks an ink sac and has a radula with seven rows of teeth with the unique central tooth, called the rechidian tooth, being curved with a grooved tip. The remaining teeth are flat and plate like and so are also distinctive. The smooth creamy-pink body lacks any chromatophores. The specific name honours the Swiss malacologist and marine biologist Katharina Mangold-Wirz (1922-2003).
Muusoctopus is a cosmopolitan genus of deep-sea octopus from the family Enteroctopodidae. These are small to medium-sized octopuses which lack an ink sac. Recent work has suggested that these octopuses originated in the North Atlantic and subsequently moved into the North Pacific while the species in the Southern Hemisphere are descended from multiple invasions from northern oceans.
Cistopus is a genus of octopuses in the family Octopodidae from the Indo-Pacific region, colloquially known as old-lady octopuses. For a long time it was thought that Cistopus was monotypic with the type species, C. indicus, being the only known species. This species was characterised by the possession of eight small mucus filled pouches around the animal's mouth in the web between the bases of each arm, these have an opening which releases the mucus. The function of these pouches is unknown. A new species, C. taiwanicus was described in 2009 from Taiwan. Octopuses in the genus Cistopus are harvested and utilised for food on a commercial basis in southern and eastern Asia. Further new species have been described since then.
Galeoctopus lateralis, the sharkclub octopus, is a species of octopus, from the family Octopodidae. This species was described in 2004 from specimens collected at depths of 200–400 m in the southern and western Pacific Ocean. It is a small octopus in which the mature male's have a distinctive ligula which superficially resembles a shark's jaw and head including teeth‐like lugs. Other distinguishing characteristics include a lateral mantle ridge, a skin sculpture which includes star-shaped papillae, and the females have oviducts with hare distally swollen.
Grimpella thaumastocheir, the velvet octopus, is the only species in the monotypic genus Grimpella, in the family Octopodidae. This species has a typical body length of 200 mm. It is an found in offshore waters and is endemic to the seas off southeastern and southwestern Australia.
Macrochlaena winckworthi, Winckworth's octopus, is a little known species of octopus, it is the only species in the monotypic genus Macrochlaena, in the family Octopodidae. It was described by the British malacologist Guy Coburn Robson in 1926, the type specimens having been collected in the Gulf of Mannar, off Thoothukudi in Tamil Nadu, southeastern India.
Octopus oliveri, is a species of octopus found in the western Pacific Ocean off the coast of Japan, Hawaii, and Kermadec Island, in reefs and boulder coasts.
Octopus pallidus, the pale octopus, is a species of octopus found in the Southwest Pacific.
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