Ooperipatellus

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Ooperipatellus
Ooperipatellus nanus.jpg
Ooperipatellus nanus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Onychophora
Family: Peripatopsidae
Genus: Ooperipatellus
Ruhberg, 1985
Species

See text

Ooperipatellus is a genus of Australian and New Zealand velvet worms in the Peripatopsidae family. [1] Species in this genus are oviparous. [2] This genus is notable as the only one in which velvet worms have no more than 14 pairs of legs: [3] Most species in this genus have 14 leg pairs, and O. nanus has only 13 pairs, [4] [5] [6] the minimum number found in the phylum Onychophora. [7] Velvet worms in this genus are also among the smallest known, with adults often only 10 to 20 millimeters long. [6] Species in this genus have no modified head papillae, the males feature a cruciform genital opening (gonopore), and the females feature an ovipositor. [3] [6] This genus contains all oviparous velvet worm species with 13 or 14 leg pairs and no modified head structures (e.g., sclerotized head organs). [6]

In spite of a disjoint geographic distribution across New Zealand, Tasmania, and Southern Australia, morphological and molecular data indicate that this genus is a monophyletic group. Molecular studies indicate that this clade includes two subclades, one containing species in New Zealand and the other containing species in both Tasmania and mainland Australia. Paleogeographic evidence indicates that glacial events severed the land connection between Tasmania and mainland Australia more recently than rifting broke the land connection between Australia and New Zealand, which would explain the phylogenetic tree that emerges from molecular studies of this genus. [6]

Species

The genus contains the following species: [1] [8] [9]

Ooperipatellus cryptusJackson & Taylor, 1994 is considered a nomen dubium by Oliveira et al., 2012.

Related Research Articles

Peripatoides suteri is a species of velvet worm in the Peripatopsidae family. This species is ovoviviparous, has 16 pairs of legs, and is endemic to New Zealand. These velvet worms range in size from 14 mm to 90 mm.

<i>Leucopatus</i> Genus and species of velvet worm

Leucopatus is a genus of velvet worm in the family Peripatopsidae, containing a single species, the blind velvet worm. It is found in northeast Tasmania, Australia, and is ovoviviparous.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peripatopsidae</span> Family of invertebrate animals

Peripatopsidae is one of the two living velvet worm families.

Austroperipatus is a genus of oviparous and ovoviviparous velvet worms in the family Peripatopsidae. This genus has 15 pairs of legs in both sexes. The species in this genus are found in northern Queensland, Australia.

<i>Euperipatoides</i> Genus of velvet worms

Euperipatoides is a genus of ovoviviparous velvet worms in the family Peripatopsidae. All species in this genus have 15 pairs of legs in both sexes. All species are found in New South Wales, Australia. E. rowelli is also found in the Australian Capital Territory.

Acanthokara is a monospecific genus of ovoviviparous velvet worm, containing the single species Acanthokara kaputensis. This species has 15 pairs of legs in both sexes. The type locality of this species is Mount Kaputar, New South Wales, Australia.

Aktinothele is a monospecific genus of oviparous velvet worm, containing the single species Aktinothele eucharis. This species has 15 pairs of legs in both sexes. The type locality of this species is Finch Hatton Gorge, Queensland, Australia.

Baeothele is a monospecific genus of ovoviviparous velvet worm containing the single species Baeothele saukros. This species has 15 pairs of legs in both sexes. The type locality of this species is Wollemi National Park, New South Wales, Australia.

Centrorumis is a monospecific genus of velvet worm containing the single species Centrorumis trigona. This species has 15 pairs of legs in both sexes. It is found in New South Wales, Australia.

Leuropezos is a monospecific genus of velvet worm containing the single species Leuropezos eungellensis. This species has 15 pairs of legs in both sexes. The type locality of this species is Eungella National Park, Queensland, Australia.

<i>Kumbadjena</i> Genus of velvet worms

Kumbadjena is a genus of velvet worms in the family Peripatopsidae. All species in this genus are ovoviviparous, all have 15 pairs of oncopods (legs), and all are found in the southwest of Western Australia.

Nodocapitus is a genus of velvet worms in the family Peripatopsidae. All species in this genus have 15 pairs of legs in both sexes. N. formosus is found in Queensland, Australia, N. inornatus is found in New South Wales, and N. barryi is found in both of these states. In each species, the males are distinguished by enlarged papillae on the head, between the antennae.

Ooperipatus is a genus of Australian velvet worms in the Peripatopsidae family. All species in this genus are oviparous and have 15 pairs of oncopods (legs).

<i>Tasmanipatus</i> Genus and species of velvet worm

Tasmanipatus barretti, the giant velvet worm, is a species of velvet worm in the Peripatopsidae family. It is the sole species in the genus Tasmanipatus and is ovoviviparous.

Ooperipatellus decoratus is a species of velvet worm in the family Peripatopsidae. This species has 14 pairs of legs and is found in Tasmania, Australia.

Ooperipatellus duwilensis is a species of velvet worm in the family Peripatopsidae. This species has 14 pairs of legs. It is found in Victoria, Australia.

Ooperipatellus insignis is a species of velvet worm in the family Peripatopsidae. Females of this species range from 5 mm to 39 mm in length, while males range from 4 mm to 30 mm in length. This species has 14 pairs of legs and is found in Victoria, Australia.

<i>Ooperipatellus nanus</i> Species of velvet worm

Ooperipatellus nanus is a species of velvet worm in the family Peripatopsidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the South Island.

<i>Ooperipatellus viridimaculatus</i> Species of velvet worm

Ooperipatellus viridimaculatus is a species of velvet worm in the family Peripatopsidae. This species is oviparous, has 14 pairs of legs, ranges from 30 mm to 50 mm in length, and is brown or orange in color with two rows of green spots along its back. It is found in the South Island of New Zealand.

Ooperipatellus nickmayeri is a species of oviparous velvet worm in the family Peripatopsidae. This species is larger than any other in the genus Ooperipatellus. With a body size exceeding 60 mm in females and 30 mm in males, these velvet worms can be more than twice as long as other species of this genus.

References

  1. 1 2 "Australian Faunal Directory". Australian Government Department of the Environment. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  2. ↑ Baker, Caitlin M; Buckman-Young, Rebecca S; Costa, Cristiano S; Giribet, Gonzalo (2021-12-09). Xia, Xuhua (ed.). "Phylogenomic Analysis of Velvet Worms (Onychophora) Uncovers an Evolutionary Radiation in the Neotropics". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 38 (12): 5391–5404. doi:10.1093/molbev/msab251. ISSN   1537-1719. PMC   8662635 . PMID   34427671.
  3. 1 2 Reid, A. L. (1996). "Review of the Peripatopsidae (Onychophora) in Australia, with comments on peripatopsid relationships". Invertebrate Systematics. 10 (4): 663–936 [819-821]. doi:10.1071/it9960663. ISSN   1447-2600.
  4. ↑ Tait, N.N.; Briscoe, D.A. (1995-05-01). "Genetic differentiation within New Zealand Onychophora and their relationships to the Australian fauna". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 114 (1): 103–113. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb00115.x. ISSN   0024-4082.
  5. ↑ Gleeson, Dianne M. (1996-01-01). "Onychophora of New Zealand; past, present and future". New Zealand Entomologist. 19 (1): 51–55. doi:10.1080/00779962.1996.9722023. ISSN   0077-9962.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Oliveira, Ivo de Sena; Mayer, Georg (2017-06-01). "A new giant egg-laying onychophoran (Peripatopsidae) reveals evolutionary and biogeographical aspects of Australian velvet worms". Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 17 (2): 375–391. doi:10.1007/s13127-016-0321-3. ISSN   1618-1077. S2CID   256006350.
  7. ↑ Allwood, Julia; Gleeson, Dianne; Mayer, Georg; Daniels, Savel; Beggs, Jacqueline R.; Buckley, Thomas R. (2010). "Support for vicariant origins of the New Zealand Onychophora". Journal of Biogeography. 37 (4): 669–681. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02233.x. S2CID   55395265.
  8. ↑ "New Zealand peripatus/ngaokeoke: Current knowledge, conservation and future research needs" (PDF). New Zealand Department of Conservation (2014). Retrieved 11 July 2016.
  9. ↑ Oliveira; Read; Mayer (2012). "A world checklist of Onychophora (velvet worms), with notes on nomenclature and status of names". ZooKeys (211): 1–70. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.211.3463 . PMC   3426840 . PMID   22930648 . Retrieved 16 July 2016.


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