Payne-Desha House

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Payne-Desha House
Payne-Desha House 2; Georgetown, Kentucky.JPG
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Coordinates 38°12′45″N84°33′48″W / 38.21250°N 84.56333°W / 38.21250; -84.56333 Coordinates: 38°12′45″N84°33′48″W / 38.21250°N 84.56333°W / 38.21250; -84.56333
Built1814
Architectural styleFederal
NRHP reference # 74000902 [1]
Added to NRHPDecember 2, 1974

The Payne-Desha House is a historic house located on land west of Royal Spring Branch near downtown Georgetown, Kentucky, USA that was built in 1814 by Robert Payne, a Kentucky war hero from the Battle of the Thames. Also, the house was the last residence of Joseph Desha, the ninth governor of Kentucky. [2] [3]

Georgetown, Kentucky City in Kentucky, United States

Georgetown is a home rule-class city in Scott County, Kentucky, in the United States. The 2017 population was 33,660 per the United States Census Bureau. It is the 7th-largest city by population in the U.S. state of Kentucky. It is the seat of its county. It was originally called Lebanon when founded by Rev. Elijah Craig and was renamed in 1790 in honor of President George Washington. It is the home of Georgetown College, a private liberal arts college. Georgetown is part of the Lexington-Fayette, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area.

United States Federal republic in North America

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States or America, is a country comprising 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles, the United States is the world's third or fourth largest country by total area and is slightly smaller than the entire continent of Europe's 3.9 million square miles. With a population of over 327 million people, the U.S. is the third most populous country. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City. Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous in North America between Canada and Mexico. The State of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west. The State of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, stretching across nine official time zones. The extremely diverse geography, climate, and wildlife of the United States make it one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries.

Kentucky State of the United States of America

Kentucky, officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state located in the east south-central region of the United States. Although styled as the "State of Kentucky" in the law creating it, (because in Kentucky's first constitution, the name state was used) Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth. Originally a part of Virginia, in 1792 Kentucky became the 15th state to join the Union. Kentucky is the 37th most extensive and the 26th most populous of the 50 United States.

Contents

The property was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places on December 2, 1974. [1]

National Register of Historic Places federal list of historic sites in the United States

The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance. A property listed in the National Register, or located within a National Register Historic District, may qualify for tax incentives derived from the total value of expenses incurred preserving the property.

History

In 1784, Elijah Craig established the town of Lebanon, Virginia near McClelland's Station, an abandoned army fort. The name was changed to George Town in 1790 as a tribute to the first President of the United States, George Washington. The town was centered around Royal Spring, a large spring that was reliable source of water for the residents and industry in the area. [4] [5]

Elijah Craig American preacher

Elijah Craig was a Baptist preacher in Virginia, who became an educator and capitalist entrepreneur in the area of Virginia that later became the state of Kentucky. He has sometimes, although rather dubiously, been credited with the invention of bourbon whiskey.

Virginia State of the United States of America

Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States located between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay, which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna. The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond; Virginia Beach is the most populous city, and Fairfax County is the most populous political subdivision. The Commonwealth's estimated population as of 2018 is over 8.5 million.

President of the United States Head of state and of government of the United States

The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces.

The Payne-Desha House was built on the west side of Royal Spring Branch on land originally owned by Elijah Craig. After Craig's death in 1808, General Richard Gano and Josiah Pitts purchased the property near Royal Spring Branch from Craig's estate. In 1814 General John Payne bought both pieces of land making a 20-acre (81,000 m2) estate. Payne's son Robert and daughter-in-law Maria (Williams) built a large stone house on the property. Financial circumstances forced the sale of the estate in 1821 and Benjamen Smith bought the property. [2]

Rock (geology) A naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloids

A rock is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its chemical composition and the way in which it is formed. Rocks are usually grouped into three main groups: igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks and sedimentary rocks. Rocks form the Earth's outer solid layer, the crust.

Joseph Desha Joseph Desha by Katherine Helm.jpg
Joseph Desha

During the later years of his life, former Kentucky Governor Joseph Desha and his wife Margaret relocated to Georgetown. The couple first resided on East Main Street, then in 1841 moved to the property along Royal Spring Branch. Desha lived in the Payne-Desha House until his death on October 11, 1842. [2] [3]

James Y. Kelly owned the property in the later part of the 19th century when extensive changes were made to the exterior of the house. Another longtime resident of the house was James R. Hamilton, who remodeled the structure in 1955 and 1975. [2]

Architecture

Originally, the Payne-Desha House was built in the Federal style, and in the late 19th century the structure was updated to the then popular Italianate style. Additionally, the house underwent renovations in 1955 and 1975. [2]

Details of Italianate style porch addition Payne-Desha House; Georgetown, Kentucky; details of Italianate style porch addition.jpg
Details of Italianate style porch addition

As first built, the Payne-Desha house featured "an arch spanned central hall, a winding staircase, ash floors, sunburst design mantels, beaded and fluted woodwork, three basements, and a hipped roof" making the stone building one of the most intricate early stone structures in Scott County, Kentucky. [2]

The exterior of the house was altered in the late 19th century with the addition of Italianate style porches, hoodmolds, and roofbrackets. [2]

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Desha may refer to:

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Millspring is an historic house in Georgetown, Kentucky. It is the last remaining building situated on the original 27-acre (110,000 m2) tract patented by the Rev. Elijah Craig, founder of Georgetown, as the first industrial park west of the Alleghenies. It was also the site of the first papermill in the region and one of the first production sites for Kentucky Bourbon.

Payne House may refer to:

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References

  1. 1 2 National Park Service (2008-04-15). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bevins, Ann Bolton (1989). A History of Scott County as Told by Selected Buildings. Georgetown, Kentucky. p. 80.
  3. 1 2 "Payne-Desha House (Marker Number:2021)". Kentucky Historical Marker Database, Kentucky Historical Society. Kentucky.gov. 2008-07-29.
  4. ↑ "History". Georgetown. Georgetown/Scott County Tourism Commission. Archived from the original on 2008-06-16. Retrieved 2008-07-30.
  5. ↑ "About Scott County". Scott County Clerk's Office. Software Management LLC. 2004. Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2008-07-30.
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