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Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is against all forms of authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including the state and capitalism. Anarchism advocates for the replacement of the state with stateless societies and voluntary free associations. As a historically left-wing movement, this reading of anarchism is placed on the farthest left of the political spectrum, usually described as the libertarian wing of the socialist movement.
Rockingham County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 83,757. Its county seat is the independent city of Harrisonburg.
Harrisonburg is an independent city in the Shenandoah Valley region of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. It is also the county seat of the surrounding Rockingham County, although the two are separate jurisdictions. At the 2020 census, the population was 51,814. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Harrisonburg with Rockingham County for statistical purposes into the Harrisonburg, Virginia Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 126,562 in 2011.
Anarchism and violence have been linked together by events in anarchist history such as violent revolution, terrorism, assassination attempts and propaganda of the deed. Propaganda of the deed, or attentát, was espoused by leading anarchists in the late 19th century and was associated with a number of incidents of political violence. Anarchist thought, however, is quite diverse on the question of violence. Where some anarchists have opposed coercive means on the basis of coherence, others have supported acts of violent revolution as a path toward anarchy. Anarcho-pacifism is a school of thought within anarchism which rejects all violence.
A black bloc is a tactic used by protesters who wear black clothing, ski masks, scarves, sunglasses, motorcycle helmets with padding or other face-concealing and face-protecting items. The clothing is used to conceal wearers' identities and hinder criminal prosecution by making it difficult to distinguish between participants. It is also used to protect their faces and eyes from pepper spray, which is used by police during protests or civil unrest. The tactic also allows the group to appear as one large unified mass. Black bloc participants are often associated with anarchism, anarcho-communism, communism, libertarian socialism and the anti-globalization movement. A variant of this type of protest is the Padded bloc, where following the Tute Bianche movement protesters wear padded clothing to protect against the police.
Anarcho-pacifism, also referred to as anarchist pacifism and pacifist anarchism, is an anarchist school of thought that advocates for the use of peaceful, non-violent forms of resistance in the struggle for social change. Anarcho-pacifism rejects the principle of violence which is seen as a form of power and therefore as contradictory to key anarchist ideals such as the rejection of hierarchy and dominance. Many anarcho-pacifists are also Christian anarchists, who reject war and the use of violence.
Christian anarchism is a Christian movement in political theology that claims anarchism is inherent in Christianity and the Gospels. It is grounded in the belief that there is only one source of authority to which Christians are ultimately answerable—the authority of God as embodied in the teachings of Jesus. It therefore rejects the idea that human governments have ultimate authority over human societies. Christian anarchists denounce the state, believing it is violent, deceitful and idolatrous.
The Kingdom of God Is Within You is a non-fiction book written by Leo Tolstoy. A Christian anarchist philosophical treatise, the book was first published in Germany in 1894 after being banned in his home country of Russia. It is the culmination of 30 years of Tolstoy's thinking and lays out a new organization for society based on an interpretation of Christianity focusing on universal love.
Anarchism in the United States began in the mid-19th century and started to grow in influence as it entered the American labor movements, growing an anarcho-communist current as well as gaining notoriety for violent propaganda of the deed and campaigning for diverse social reforms in the early 20th century. By around the start of the 20th century, the heyday of individualist anarchism had passed and anarcho-communism and other social anarchist currents emerged as the dominant anarchist tendency.
Callaway Resort & Gardens is a 2,500-acre (1,000 ha) resort complex located near Pine Mountain in Harris County, Georgia, 18 miles (29 km) from LaGrange, Georgia. The world's largest azalea garden, this destination draws over 750,000 visitors annually. Callaway Gardens was ranked as Best Georgia Attraction in 2018 by USA Today.
WHSV-TV is a television station in Harrisonburg, Virginia, United States, affiliated with ABC. It is owned by Gray Television alongside two low-power stations: Class A dual Fox/CBS affiliate WSVF-CD and dual NBC/CW+ affiliate WSVW-LD. The three stations share studios on North Main Street in downtown Harrisonburg, and operate a newsroom in Fishersville, serving Staunton, Waynesboro, and Augusta County. WHSV-TV's transmitter is located at Elliott Knob west of Staunton.
WLTZ is a television station in Columbus, Georgia, United States, affiliated with NBC and The CW Plus. It is owned by SagamoreHill Broadcasting, which maintains a shared services agreement (SSA) with Gray Television, owner of ABC affiliate WTVM, for the provision of certain services. Gray also operates Fox affiliate WXTX under a separate SSA with owner American Spirit Media. WLTZ's studios and transmitter are located on NBC 38 Drive off Buena Vista Road on the east side of the city. Master control and most internal operations are based at WTVM and WXTX's shared studios on Wynnton Road in the Dinglewood section of Columbus.
Cindy Milstein is an American anarchist activist based in Brooklyn. They are an Institute for Anarchist Studies board member.
Anarchism is generally defined as the political philosophy which holds the state to be undesirable, unnecessary and harmful as well as opposing authority and hierarchical organization in the conduct of human relations. Proponents of anarchism, known as anarchists, advocate stateless societies based on non-hierarchical voluntary associations. While anarchism holds the state to be undesirable, unnecessary and harmful, opposition to the state is not its central or sole definition. Anarchism can entail opposing authority or hierarchy in the conduct of all human relations.
Anarchism in Greece traces its roots to ancient Greece but was formed as a political movement during the 19th century. It was in the ancient era that the first libertarian thoughts appeared when philosophers based on rationality questioned the fundamentals of tradition. Modern anarchism in Greece emerged in the 19th century, heavily influenced by the contemporary European classical anarchism. Because of the Bolshevik success in the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the rise of the Communist Party, anarchism faded after the first decades of the 20th century. The collapse of the military junta put an end to the monopoly of the political power from the Right, whereas the dissolution of the Soviet Union diminished the allure of the Communist Party of Greece allowing anarchist groups to gain pace in Athens and other cities.
TV3 Winchester was a subchannel service of Harrisonburg, Virginia-based television station WHSV-TV, programmed as a standalone, primarily-cable station serving as the ABC and secondary This TV affiliate for nearby Winchester, Virginia from 2007 to 2013. Owned by Gray Television, it maintained studios on Millwood Avenue and US 50 in Winchester, separate from its parent's studios in Harrisonburg.
Italian anarchism as a movement began primarily from the influence of Mikhail Bakunin, Giuseppe Fanelli, and Errico Malatesta. Rooted in collectivist anarchism and social or socialist anarchism, it expanded to include illegalist individualist anarchism, mutualism, anarcho-syndicalism, and especially anarcho-communism. In fact, anarcho-communism first fully formed into its modern strain within the Italian section of the First International. Italian anarchism and Italian anarchists participated in the biennio rosso and survived Italian Fascism, with Italian anarchists significantly contributing to the Italian Resistance Movement. Platformism and insurrectionary anarchism were particularly common in Italian anarchism and continue to influence the movement today. The synthesist Italian Anarchist Federation appeared after the war, and autonomismo and operaismo especially influenced Italian anarchism in the second half of the 20th century.
Contemporary anarchism within the history of anarchism is the period of the anarchist movement continuing from the end of World War II and into the present. Since the last third of the 20th century, anarchists have been involved in anti-globalisation, peace, squatter and student protest movements. Anarchists have participated in armed revolutions such as in those that created the Makhnovshchina and Revolutionary Catalonia, and anarchist political organizations such as the International Workers' Association and the Industrial Workers of the World have existed since the 20th century. Within contemporary anarchism, the anti-capitalism of classical anarchism has remained prominent.
Thomas C. Cornell was an American journalist and a peace activist against the Vietnam War and the Iraq War. He was an associate editor of the Catholic Worker and a deacon in the Catholic Church.
Teresa Pike Tomlinson is an American politician and attorney. A member of the Democratic Party, she was elected and served as the 69th Mayor of Columbus, Georgia, in 2010. On January 3, 2011, she was sworn in as the city's first female mayor.
References
- 1 2 Houston, Jim (November 20, 2001). "Most SOA protesters continue disobedience". Ledger-Enquirer . Columbus, Georgia. p. 1. Archived from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
- ↑ Gleason, Amy (September 9, 2002). "Preparing for Prison". WHSV-TV . Archived from the original on August 8, 2021. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
- ↑ Houston, Jim (July 12, 2002). "Judge offers penalty options". Ledger-Enquirer . Columbus, Georgia. p. A1, A3. Archived from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
- 1 2 Barakat, Matthew (August 20, 2007). "North Virginia protester's arrest stirs international waters". Daily Press . Newport News, Virginia. Associated Press. p. B3. Archived from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
- ↑ Houston, Jim (July 13, 2002). "Foes of institute choose prison". Ledger-Enquirer . Columbus, Georgia. p. A1, A3. Archived from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
- ↑ Santos, Carlos (March 21, 2003). "Students rally across state to protest war". Richmond Times-Dispatch . Richmond, Virginia. p. A14. Archived from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
- ↑ Lee, Chay. "Harrisonburg Copwatch Holds Training". WHSV-TV . Archived from the original on August 8, 2021. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
- 1 2 "Virginia Anarchist Fights Deportation From Spain". Daily News-Record . Associated Press. April 28, 2009. p. 5. Archived from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
- ↑ Cartaya, Raúl (2014). "El fracaso de la no violencia. De la primavera Árabe a Ocuppy". Oxímora: Revista Internacional de Ética y Política (4): 133–137. ISSN 2014-7708. Archived from the original on April 19, 2018. Retrieved June 2, 2018.
- ↑ Frazer, Elizabeth J. (March 10, 2016). "The Diversity of Tactics: Anarchism and Political Power". European Journal of Political Theory . 18 (4): 553–564. doi:10.1177/1474885115627558. ISSN 1474-8851. S2CID 147683146. Archived from the original on August 4, 2021. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ↑ Martin, Brian (July 2008). "How Nonviolence is Misrepresented". Gandhi Marg. 30 (2): 235–257. Archived from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
- ↑ Borel, Marcelo; Freitas, Fernando Vieira de (December 22, 2017). "Monopólio revisado: a violência nos conflitos contra o Estado". Revista de Ciências Humanas. 51 (2): 500–505. doi: 10.5007/2178-4582.2017v51n2p500 . ISSN 2178-4582. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved June 2, 2018.
