 Icon of Holy Week | |
| Folklore | Slavic Mythology |
|---|---|
| Details | The embodiment of the day of the week - Sunday |
Week (St. Week, St. Anastasia, [1] Church Slavonic : nadel) - In popular tradition of the Slavs personification Sunday as day of the week. [2] It is correlated with Saint Anastasia (in Bulgarians also with Saint Kyriakia. [3] The veneration of the Week is associated with the prohibition of various kinds of work (cf. the origin of the Slavic week from not to do).
The Old Russian sermons against paganism ("Word about creatures and days of the week" and "Word of St. Gregory... How the first Gentiles worshipped idols"), it is said that one should not venerate the image of the Week as a "goon", not the day of the week as such, but "Christ's resurrection". [4]
The formation of the popular cult of the Holy Week was also influenced by the translated apocrypha "Epistle of Jesus on the Week." According to the Apocrypha, a stone falls from heaven in Rome or Jerusalem in which a "scroll" is found. In the name of Christ, it prescribes righteous living and observance of Sunday (week), as many significant events have taken place on this day: the Annunciation, Baptism and Resurrection of Christ, on which the Last Judgment]] will also take place. In conclusion, it is said that he who does not believe the "scriptures" will be cursed and condemned to torment. Moreover, the Polish and Southwestern Russian apocrypha copies, based on the Western European editions, mention only the veneration of Week, while the Great Russian apocrypha copies, based on a Byzantine protograph, along with Week, also mention Wednesday and Friday as venerable days "by which the earth stands". The apocryphal plot is reflected in Ukrainian and Belarusian folklore and in Russian spiritual verses. Besides apocryphal writings, the popular veneration of the Week was influenced by the cult of St. Anastasia (Greek : άναστασία "Sunday"). [2]
Among the holy wives Paraskeva and Anastasia were especially revered in Russia. Their paired images are the most common in the iconography of Novgorod. The cults of the martyrs had much in common. Both saints were commonly associated in Russian tradition with the Mother of God, the events of the Gospel (Anastasia - with the "Birth of Christ", Paraskeva - with the "Crucifixion"), both patronizing the days of the week: Anastasia - with the Resurrection, Paraskeva - with Friday. According to popular beliefs, they were considered the patrons of women's work and worshipped as healers. Sometimes they were endowed with the same iconographic features. Paraskeva was usually represented wearing a red maforion, but occasionally Anastasia was also depicted in red. In the veneration of Anastasia her role as a healer is emphasized stronger. That is why she is more often depicted holding a vessel of medicine than Paraskeva. She was prayed to by women waiting for the birth of a child.
The Belarusians Grodno Province said that the day of rest (Belarusian : nyadzel was "given to the people after one day a man hid the holy Week from the dogs that pursued her; before that there were only weekdays. Ukrainians Volhynian Province said that "God gave the Week a whole day, but told her herself to see to it that people did not work on that day." According to Croatian beliefs, Holy Week was without hands, so it was sinful to work on this day. [2]
The Holy Week was believed to come to those who did not observe the prohibition against working on Sunday. The Week appears as a woman in white, gold or silver clothing, with a wounded body and complains that she is being poked with spindles, spun her hair, chopped, cut, etc. In the West Belarusian legend, the Week is paired with an ornate and beautiful Jewish nedzelka (i.e. Saturday, a non-working day for Jews) and complains that the Jews honor their "week" and "you all work on Sunday, and my clean body is ripped off". [5]
The week asks people not to forget the veneration of the holiday or severely punishes violators of the prohibitions with a long or fatal illness, beats them to death with a flax-crushing roller, tears the skin off the hands and body of weavers who do not finish their work in time, and hangs it on the loom (similar plots are associated in Ukrainians with Paraskeva Friday), strangles, puts human life in danger (e.g., turning over a cart), threatens death, scares (the woman, who excuses herself that she spins on Sunday because she is hungry, tosses horse heads and dead bodies into the house: "Eat if you're hungry"). [2]
The veneration of the Week is closely related to the veneration of the other personalized days of the week - Wednesday and Friday, which in popular beliefs are related by kinship ties. Serbs believe that Paraskeva Friday is the mother or sister of St. Week (see the consecutive days of St. Paraskeva Friday - October 28 and Saint Anastasia - October 29) [2]
Belarusian is an East Slavic language. It is one of the two official languages in Belarus, alongside Russian. Additionally, it is spoken in some parts of Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, and Ukraine by Belarusian minorities in those countries.
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The Matins Gospel is the solemn chanting of a lection from one of the Four Gospels during Matins in the Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic churches which follow the Byzantine Rite.
Saint Paraskeva of the Balkans was an ascetic female saint of the 10th century. She was born in Epivates, near present-day Istanbul, and had visions of the Virgin Mary. After living in Chalcedon and Heraclea Pontica, she settled in a convent in the desert near the Jordan River, where she died at the age of 27. The cult of Saint Paraskeva began to spread in the 14th century from Bulgaria into the Danubian Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia. There was confusion over her identity and attributes because her Greek name "paraskevi" means "Friday," and translations in other languages, such as Romanian and Serbian, were "Saint Friday". Her cult continues to be celebrated in many Orthodox countries, and her feast day is commemorated on October 14 in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Saint Paraskevi of Iconium is venerated as a Christian virgin martyr. According to Christian tradition, she was born to a rich family of Iconium. Her parents were Christian, and Paraskevi was named as such because she was baptized on a Friday and because Friday was the day of Christ's Passion.
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