The Deobandi movement or Deobandism is a revivalist movement within Sunni Islam that adheres to the Hanafi school of law. It formed in the late 19th century around the Darul Uloom Madrassa in Deoband, India, from which the name derives, by Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi, Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, and several others, after the Indian Rebellion of 1857–58. They opposed influence of non-Muslim cultures on the Muslim of South Asia. The movement pioneered education in religious sciences through the Dars-i-Nizami associated with the Lucknow-based ulama of Firangi Mahal with the goal of preserving traditional Islamic teachings from the influx of modernist, secular ideas during British colonial rule. The Deobandi movement's Indian clerical wing, Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind, was founded in 1919 and played a major role in the Indian independence movement through its participation in the Pan-Islamist Khilafat movement and propagation of the doctrine of composite nationalism.
The Darul Uloom Deoband is an Islamic seminary in India at which the Sunni Deobandi Islamic movement began. Uttar Pradesh-based Darul Uloom is one of the most important Islamic seminaries in India and the largest in the world. It is located in Deoband, a town in Saharanpur district, Uttar Pradesh. The seminary was established by Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi, Fazlur Rahman Usmani, Sayyid Muhammad Abid and others in 1866. Mahmud Deobandi was the first teacher and Mahmud Hasan Deobandi was the first student.
Shibli Nomani was an Islamic scholar, poet, philosopher, historian, educational thinker, author, orator, reformer and critic of orientalists from Indian subcontinent during the British Raj. He is regarded as the father of Urdu historiography. He was also proficient in Arabic and Persian languages. Shibli was associated with two influential movements in the region, the Aligarh and the Nadwa movements. As a supporter of the Deobandi school, he believed that English language and European sciences should be incorporated into the education system. Shibli wrote several biographies of Muslim heroes, convinced that Muslims of his time could learn valuable lessons from the past. His synthesis of past and modern ideas contributed significantly to Islamic literature produced in Urdu between 1910 and 1935. Shibli established the Darul Musannefin Shibli Academy in 1914 to promote Islamic scholarship and also founded the Shibli National College in 1883. He collected much material on the life of Muhammad, and completed the first two volumes of the planned work, Sirat al-Nabi. His disciple, Sulaiman Nadvi, added to this material and wrote the remaining five volumes after Shibli's death.
Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama is an Islamic seminary in Lucknow, India. It was established by the Nadwatul Ulama, a council of Muslim scholars, on 26 September 1898.
Muḥammad Manz̤oor Nomānī was an Indian Islamic scholar. Prominent among his written works are Maariful Hadith, Islam Kya Hai?, and Khomeini and the Iranian Revolution.
Nadvi, signifying association with the Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama in India, may refer to one of the following:
Mohammad Rabey Hasani Nadwi was an Indian Sunni Islamic scholar, who served as the president of All India Muslim Personal Law Board and as the chancellor of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama, an Islamic seminary in Lucknow, India. He was the patron of Islamic Fiqh Academy, the vice president of the Aalami Rabita Adab-e-Islami in Riyadh, and a founding member of the Muslim World League. He was regularly listed in the publication The 500 Most Influential Muslims. His disciples included Ijteba Nadwi.
Darul Uloom Mau is an Islamic Madrasa which was established in Mau in 1875.
Saeed Ahmad Akbarabadi was an Indian Islamic scholar and an Urdu-language author who co-founded the Nadwatul Musannifeen. He served as the dean of the Faculty of Theology in Aligarh Muslim University.
Hifzur Rahman Seoharwi was an Indian Sunni Islamic scholar and an activist of the Indian independence movement, who served as the fourth general secretary of the Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind. He fought against British rule for 25 years (1922-1947) and spent eight years in jail. As a politician, he opposed the partition of India, and served as a member of the Indian Parliament for the Indian National Congress from Amroha from 1952 to 1962.
Zayn al-Abidin Sajjad Meerthi (1910–1991) was an Indian Sunni Muslim scholar and historian and head of the Islamic studies department of Jamia Millia Islamia. His book Tarikh-e-Millat is required reading in the syllabus of Darul Uloom Deoband and in madrasas affiliated with it.
Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri, was an Indian Sunni Muslim scholar and author who served as Shaykh al-Hadith and Principal of Darul Uloom Deoband. A number of his books are required readings in Darul Uloom Deoband.
Minnatullah Rahmani was an Indian Sunni Muslim scholar who served as the first General Secretary of All India Muslim Personal Law Board. He was an alumnus of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama and Darul Uloom Deoband, and a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly. He also served as the General Secretary of the Jamiat Ulama Bihar. His father Muhammad Ali Mungeri was the founder of Nadwatul Ulama and his son Wali Rahmani established the Rahmani30 institute.
Nadwatul Musannifeen was an academic research institution and publishing house in Delhi. The institution was co-founded by scholars including Atiqur Rahman Usmani, Hamid al-Ansari Ghazi, Hifzur Rahman Seoharwi and Saeed Ahmad Akbarabadi in 1938.
Atīqur Rahmān Usmānī was an Indian Muslim scholar and an activist of Indian independence movement who co-founded Nadwatul Musannifeen and the All India Muslim Majlis-e-Mushawarat.
Fazlur Rahmān Usmānī was an Indian Muslim scholar and poet who co-founded the Darul Uloom Deoband. He was father of the scholars, Aziz-ur-Rahman Usmani and Shabbir Ahmad Usmani. His grandson Atiqur Rahman Usmani was the founder of Nadwatul Musannifeen.
Muḥammad Ali Mungeri was an Indian Muslim scholar who was the founder Nadwatul Ulama and first chancellor of its Darul Uloom, a major Islamic seminary in Lucknow. He extensively wrote against Christianity and Ahmadiyya. His books include Ā'īna-e-Islām, Sāti' al-Burhān, Barāhīn-e-Qāti'ah, Faisla Āsmāni and Shahādat-e-Āsmāni.
Nadwatul Ulama is a council of Muslim theologians in India which was formed in 1893 in Kanpur. The first manager of the council was Muhammad Ali Mungeri and the incumbent is Bilal Abdul Hai Hasani Nadwi. The council established the Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama, a famous Islamic seminary in Lucknow, on 26 September 1898.
Bilal Abdul Hai Hasani Nadwi is an Indian Islamic scholar, da'i, Hadith lecturer and author who has served as the Chancellor of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama since 2023. He also serves as the General Secretary of the Payam-e-Insaniyat and a member of the executive council of Darul Uloom Deoband.
Tameer-e Hayat is a biweekly Urdu magazine published by Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama since 1963. Founded under the editorship of Mohammad al-Hasani, it is currently overseen by Shamsul Haq Nadwi. The magazine follows a biweekly schedule, releasing on the 10th and 25th of each month. It serves as a platform for Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama to address religious and global concerns, with a specific focus on the dynamics of Indian society. Also, it interprets the thoughts, ideas, theories, and beliefs of Nadwatul Ulama. It is the successor to Al-Nadwa, the first magazine of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama, founded by Shibli Nomani.
