Sclerosomatidae

Sclerosomatidae Temporal range: Jurassic–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Hadrobunus grandis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Opiliones
Suborder:	Eupnoi
Superfamily:	Phalangioidea
Family:	Sclerosomatidae Simon, 1879
Subfamilies
Gagrellinae (117 genera) Gyantinae (3 genera) Leiobuninae (13 genera) Sclerosomatinae (10 genera)
Diversity
4 subfamilies, c. 150 genera

The Sclerosomatidae are a family of harvestmen with about 1,300 known species. ^[1] One former subfamily has been recently removed to form a new family, Globipedidae. ^[2]

Name

The name is combined from Ancient Greek skleros "hard" and soma "body". ^[3]

Genera

• Gagrellinae Thorell, 1889 ^[4]

• Abaetetuba Tourinho-Davis, 2004 (5 species)
• Adungrella Roewer, 1955 (3 species)
• Aguilaia González-Sponga, 2003 (1 species; Venezuela)
• Akalpia Roewer, 1915 (2 species; India and Japan)
• Altobunus Roewer, 1910 (3 species; Celebes and Philippines)
• Amazonesia Soares, 1970 (2 species)
• Antigrella Roewer, 1954 (1 species)
• Aurivilliola Roewer, 1910 (17 species; South and Southeast Asia)
• Azucarella Roewer, 1959 (1 species)
• Bakerinulus Roewer, 1955 (1 species)
• Bastia Roewer, 1910 (3 species; South and Southeast Asia)
• Bastioides Mello-Leitão, 1931 (1 species; South America)
• Baturitia Roewer, 1931 (1 species; Sunda Islands)
• Bellonia González-Sponga, 2003 (1 species; Venezuela)
• Biceropsis Roewer, 1935 (1 species; Burma)
• Bonthainia Roewer, 1913 (5 species; South and Southeast Asia)
• Bullobunus Roewer, 1910 (7 species; Philippines)
• Caluga Roewer, 1959 (1 species)
• Cardenalia Kury, 2017 (1 species; Venezuela)
• Carinobius Roewer, 1955 (1 species)
• Carmenia Roewer, 1915 (1 species; Colombia)
• Carmichaelus Roewer, 1929 (1 species; India)
• Ceratobunellus Roewer, 1911 (3 species; India)
• Ceratobunoides Roewer, 1923 (2 species; Sumatra)
• Ceratobunus Thorell, 1889 (13 species)
• Cervibunus Roewer, 1912 (3 Species; South and Southeast Asia)
• Chasenella Roewer, 1955 (2 species; Borneo)
• Chebabius Roewer, 1935 (1 species; Burma)
• Coonoora Roewer, 1929 (1 species; India)
• Dentobunus Roewer, 1910 (33 species; Southeast Asia)
• Diangathia Roewer, 1955 (1 species)
• Echinobunus Roewer, 1912 (1 species; Java)
• Euceratobunus Roewer, 1923 (1 species; India)
• Eugagrella Roewer, 1910 (25 species; South and Southeast Asia)
• Euzaleptus Roewer, 1911 (4 species; South and Southeast Asia)
• Fesa Roewer, 1953 (1 species)
• Gagrella Stoliczka, 1869 (226 species; Asia)
• Gagrellenna Roewer, 1929 (1 species; India)
• Gagrellina Roewer, 1913 (1 species; Celebes)
• Gagrellissa Roewer, 1931 (1 species; Sunda Islands)
• Gagrellopsis Sato & Suzuki, 1939 (1 species; Japan)
• Gagrellula Roewer, 1910 (67 species; Asia)
• Garleppa Roewer, 1912 (4 species; South America)
• Geaya Roewer, 1910 (82 species; Latin America)
• Globulosoma Martens, 1987 (2 species; Nepal)
• Guaranobunus Ringuelet, 1954 (1 species; Argentina)
• Hamitergum Crawford, 1992 (1 species; Russia)
• Harmanda Roewer, 1910 (15 species; Asia)
• Harmandina Schenkel, 1954 (1 species)
• Hehoa Roewer, 1929 (1 species; India)
• Heterogagrella Roewer, 1954 (2 species; Southeast Asia)
• Hexazaleptus Suzuki, 1966 (1 species)
• Hexomma Thorell, 1876 (9 species; Southeast Asia)
• Himaldroma Martens, 1987 (2 species; Nepal)
• Himalzaleptus Martens, 1987 (1 species; Nepal)
• Holcobunus Roewer, 1910 (26 or 27 species; Latin America)
• Holmbergiana Mello-Leitão, 1931 (3 species; South America)
• Hologagrella Roewer, 1910 (7 species; Southeast Asia)
• Hypogrella Roewer, 1955 (1 species)
• Hypsibunus Thorell, 1891 (11 species; India & Southeast Asia)
• Jussara Mello-Leitão, 1935 (10 species; South America)
• Koyamaia Suzuki, 1972 (1 species)
• Krusa Goodnight & Goodnight, 1947 (10 species; Mexico)
• Krusella Roewer, 1953 (1 species; Venezuela)
• Liopagus Chamberlin, 1916 (1 species)
• Marthana Thorell, 1891 (24 species; Southeast Asia)
• Melanopa Thorell, 1889 (30 species; India, Southeast Asia)
• Melanopella Roewer, 1931 (3 species; Sunda Islands)
• Melanopula Roewer, 1929 (5 species; South and Southeast Asia)
• Metadentobunus Roewer, 1915 (3 species; Taiwan) ^[5]
• Metahehoa Suzuki, 1985 (1 species)
• Metasyleus Roewer, 1955 (3 species)
• Metaverpulus Roewer, 1912 (7 species; South Asia)
• Metazaleptus Roewer, 1912 (8 species; South and Southeast Asia)
• Microzaleptus Roewer, 1955 (1 species)
• Mitopiella Banks, 1930 (1 species)
• Mucuya González-Sponga, 2003 (1 species)
• Munequita Mello-Leitão, 1941 (1 species; Brazil)
• Neogagrella Roewer, 1913 (3 species; South and Southeast Asia)
• Nepalgrella Martens, 1987 (2 species; Nepal)
• Nepalkanchia Martens, 1990 (2 species; Nepal)
• Obigrella Roewer, 1955 (1 species)
• Octozaleptus Suzuki, 1966 (1 species)
• Onostemma Mello-Leitão, 1938 (2 species; Brazil)
• Oobunus Kishida, 1930 (1 species)
• Orissula Roewer, 1955 (1 species)
• Padangrella Roewer, 1954 (1 species)
• Palniella Roewer, 1929 (1 species; India)
• Paradentobunus Roewer, 1915 (1 species; India)
• Paragagrella Roewer, 1912 (5 species; South and Southeast Asia)
• Paragagrellina Schenkel, 1963 (1 species)
• Parageaya Mello-Leitão, 1933 (6 species; Latin America)
• Paratamboicus Mello-Leitão, 1940 (30 species; South America)
• Paraumbogrella Suzuki, 1963 (1 species)
• Paruleptes Soares, 1970 (1 species)
• Pectenobunus Roewer, 1910 (4 species; South America)
• Pergagrella Roewer, 1954 (1 species)
• Pokhara Suzuki, 1970 (7 species; Nepal)
• Prionostemma Pocock, 1903 (114 species; Mexico, Central America, and South America)
• Prodentobunus Roewer, 1923 (4 species; Asia)
• Psammogeaya Mello-Leitão, 1946 (1 species; Uruguay)
• Psathyropus L. Koch, 1878 (40 species; Asia)
• Pseudarthromerus Karsch, 1892 (1 species)
• Pseudogagrella Redikortsev, 1936 (13 species; East Asia)
• Pseudomelanopa Suzuki, 1974 (2 species; East Asia)
• Pseudosystenocentrus Suzuki, 1985 (1 species)
• Romerella Goodnight & Goodnight, 1943 (5 species; Mexico and South America)
• Sarasinia Roewer, 1913 (1 species; Celebes)
• Sataria Roewer, 1915 (3 species; India)
• Scotomenia Thorell, 1889 (1 species; Burma)
• Sericicorpus Martens, 1987 (1 species; Nepal)
• Sinadroma Roewer, 1955 (1 species)
• Syleus Thorell, 1876 (2 species; India)
• Syngagrella Roewer, 1913 (1 species; Celebes)
• Systenocentrus Simon, 1886 (6 species; Southeast and East Asia)
• Tamboicus Roewer, 1912 (3 species; South America)
• Taperina Roewer, 1953 (2 species)
• Tetraceratobunus Roewer, 1915 (3 species; South Asia)
• Thunbergia Martens, 2020 (4 species; South America)
• Toragrella Roewer, 1955 (2 species)
• Trachyrhinus Weed, 1892 (7 species; North America: Mexico and United States)
• Umbogrella Roewer, 1955 (1 species)
• Umbopilio Roewer, 1956 (2 species)
• Vaho González-Sponga, 2003 (1 species)
• Valle González-Sponga, 2003 (3 species)
• Varinodulia Canals, 1935 (1 species)
• Verpulus Simon, 1901 (13 species; South and Southeast Asia)
• Verrucobunus Roewer, 1931 (3 species; East and Southeast Asia)
• Xerogrella Martens, 1987 (1 species; Nepal)
• Zaleptiolus Roewer, 1955 (4 species; Asia)
• Zaleptulus Roewer, 1955 (3 species)
• Zaleptus Thorell, 1876 (72 species; Asia and Australia)

• GyantinaeSilhavý, 1946

• Gyas Simon, 1879 (1 species; Alps)
• Gyoides Martens, 1982 (6 species; Nepal)
• Rongsharia Roewer, 1957 (3 species; Nepal)

• LeiobuninaeBanks, 1893

• Amilenoides Martens & Wijnhoven, 2022
• Cosmobunus Simon, 1879 (5 species; Spain and Mexico)
• Dilophiocara Redikorzev, 1931 (2 species)
• Eumesosoma Cokendolpher, 1980 (6 species; United States)
• Eusclera Roewer, 1910 (2 species; China and India)
• Goasheer Snegovaya, Cokendolpher & Mozaffarian, 2018
• Hadrobunus Banks, 1900 (2 species; United States)
• Kovalius Chemeris, 2023
• Leiobunum C.L.Koch, 1839 (126 species - 2 extinct fossils; worldwide)
• Leiolima Prieto & Wijnhoven, 2020
• Leuronychus Banks, 1900 (2 species; North America)
• Microliobunum Roewer, 1912 (2 species; Middle East)
• Nelima Roewer, 1910 (44 species; worldwide)
• Paranelima Caporiacco, 1938 (6 species; Mexico and Central America)
• Schenkeliobunum Starega, 1964 (1 species)
• Togwoteeus Roewer, 1952 (1 species; United States)
• † Amauropilio Mello-Leitão, 1937 (fossil) (2 species; fossils found in Colorado)

• SclerosomatinaeSimon, 1879

• Astrobunus Thorell, 1876 (10 species; Europe)
• Granulosoma Martens, 1973 (2 species; Himalayas)
• Homalenotus C.L.Koch, 1839 (10 species; Southern Europe and North Africa)
• Mastobunus Simon, 1879 (2 species; Southern Europe and North Africa)
• Metasclerosoma Roewer, 1912 (3 species; Europe)
• Pseudastrobunus Martens, 1973 (1 species, Himalayas)
• Pseudohomalenotus Caporiacco, 1935 (1 species; the Karakoram)
• Pygobunus Roewer, 1957 (2 species; Taiwan, Japan)
• Umbopilio Roewer, 1956 (2 species; India, Myanmar)

Removed

• Caiza Roewer, 1925. Subjective synonym of Pectenobunus Roewer, 1910) in Tourinho, 2004a

• Pseudoarthromerus Karsch, 1891 (1 species; Japan, nomen nudum, therefore non-valid)

References

1. Sclerosomatidae Species List at Joel Hallan's Biology Catalog. Texas A&M University, archived from the original on 13 October 2014, retrieved 30 August 2015
2. Kury, A.B. & J.C. Cokendolpher (2020) Chapter 9. A new family from the New World (Eupnoi: Phalangioidea). In: WCO-Lite: online world catalogue of harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). Version 1.0 — Checklist of all valid nomina in Opiliones with authors and dates of publication up to 2018 (Kury et al., ed.): 52-54.
3. Tourinho, Ana Lúcia (2007): Sclerosomatidae. Simon, 1879. In: Pinto-da-Rocha et al. 2007: 127ff
4. "Catalogue of Life, Gagrellinae Thorell, 1889" . Retrieved 2025-04-03.
5. Chen, S. L.; Shih, H. T. (2018). "A review of the harvestman genus Metadentobunus (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae) with a description of a new species from Taiwan". Zoological Studies. 57.

External links

• Media related to Sclerosomatidae at Wikimedia Commons
• Data related to Sclerosomatidae at Wikispecies