Scorzonera | |
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Scorzonera purpurea | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Asterales |
Family: | Asteraceae |
Subfamily: | Cichorioideae |
Tribe: | Cichorieae |
Subtribe: | Scorzonerinae |
Genus: | Scorzonera L. |
Synonyms [1] | |
List
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Scorzonera is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. [2] [3]
Species of the genus are found in Europe, Asia, [3] and Africa. [4] Its center of diversity is in the Mediterranean. [5]
Scorzonera is recorded as a food plant for the larva of the nutmeg, a species of moth.[ citation needed ]
The following species are recognised in the genus Scorzonera: [1]
One possible origin of the genus name is the French scorzonère ("viper's grass"). [3]
Some Scorzonera species contain lactones, including members of the guaianolide class of sesquiterpene lactones. [6] Flavonoids found in Scorzonera include apigenin, kaempferol, luteolin, and quercetin. [7] Other secondary metabolites reported from the genus include caffeoylquinic acids, coumarins, lignans, stilbenoids, and triterpenoids. [8] One unique class of stilbenoid derivative was first isolated from Scorzonera humilis . They were named the tyrolobibenzyls after Tyrol in the eastern Alps, where the plant was collected. [9]
Nepeta is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. The genus name, from Latin nepeta (“catnip”), is reportedly in reference to Nepete, an ancient Etruscan city. There are about 250 species.
Onobrychis, the sainfoins, are a genus of Eurasian perennial herbaceous plants of the legume family (Fabaceae). About 206 species are presently accepted. The Flora Europaea lists 23 species of Onobrychis; the main centre of diversity extends from Central Asia to Iran, with 56 species – 27 of which are endemic – in the latter country alone. O. viciifolia is naturalized throughout many countries in Europe and North America grasslands on calcareous soils.
Linaria is a genus of almost 200 species of flowering plants, one of several related groups commonly called toadflax. They are annuals and herbaceous perennials, and the largest genus in the Antirrhineae tribe of the plantain family Plantaginaceae.
Alcea is a genus of over 80 species of flowering plants in the mallow family Malvaceae, commonly known as the hollyhocks. They are native to Asia and Europe. The single species of hollyhock from the Americas, the streambank wild hollyhock, belongs to a different genus.
Atractylis is a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae.
Anthemis is a genus of aromatic flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, closely related to Chamaemelum, and like that genus, known by the common name chamomile; some species are also called dog-fennel or mayweed. Anthemis are native to the Mediterranean region and southwest Asia east to Iran. A number of species have also become naturalized in the United Kingdom and other parts of the world.
Inula is a genus of about 80 species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to Europe, Asia and Africa.
Leontodon is a genus of plants in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae, commonly known as hawkbits.
Trigonella is a genus from the family Fabaceae. The best known member is the herb fenugreek. Members of the genus occur naturally in the Canary Islands, southern Europe, non‑tropical Africa, western and central Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Australia.
Jacobaea is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Senecioneae and the family Asteraceae. Its members used to be placed in the genus Senecio, but have been separated into the segregate genus Jacobaea on the basis of molecular phylogenetics in order to maintain genera that are monophyletic.
Koelpinia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.
Pentanema is a genus of Asian and African plants in the tribe Inuleae within the family Asteraceae.
Scorzoneroides or hawkbits is a genus of plants of the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae.
Crepidinae is a subtribe of Cichorieae in the family Asteraceae.
Psephellus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to eastern Europe and western Asia. A taxonomic revision reassigned many species from Centaurea to Psephellus.
Eremogone is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to western North America, northern Asia, eastern Europe and northeastern Africa. Attempts to resolve taxonomic relationships within the Caryophyllaceae have resulted in the enlargement of Eremogone with species from other genera.