Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation

"SEMTA" redirects here. For other uses, see SEMTA (disambiguation).

Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation

SMART bus in Farmington Hills
Founded	1967
Headquarters	Buhl Building Downtown Detroit, Michigan
Locale	Detroit
Service area	Metro Detroit counties of Wayne, Oakland and Macomb
Service type	Bus service, paratransit
Alliance	DDOT
Routes	44
Hubs	Spirit Plaza State Fair Transit Center Royal Oak Transit Center Dearborn Transit Center Macomb Mall
Fleet	262
Fuel type	Biodiesel Electric
General Manager	Dwight Ferrell [1]
Website	SMART

The Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation (SMART) is the public transit operator serving the suburbs of Detroit, Michigan, United States. Beginning operations in 1967 as the Southeastern Michigan Transportation Authority (SEMTA), the agency was reorganized and renamed SMART in 1989. SMART operates 44 bus routes (supplementing the Detroit Department of Transportation), plus paratransit and microtransit services. ^[2]

History

1967–1989: SEMTA

See also: SEMTA Commuter Rail

The Michigan Legislature passed the Metropolitan Transportation Authorities Act of 1967, which included the creation of Southeastern Michigan Transportation Authority (SEMTA). SEMTA was charged to take over the ownership and operations of the fractured regional transit systems in Macomb, Oakland, and Wayne counties, including the city of Detroit. ^[3]

The new authority acquired several suburban transit bus operations including Lake Shore Coach Lines (1971), Pontiac Municipal Transit Service (1973), Dearborn's Metropolitan Transit (1974), Birmingham's Great Lakes Transit (1974), and Royak Oak's Martin Lines (1975). However, the 1967 transportation act did not provide the regional authority with any means to levy taxes. ^[4] By 1974, the Detroit Department of Street Railways (DSR) had been reorganized as a city department of Detroit, leaving SEMTA only coordination over the suburban services. ^[3] That same year, SEMTA acquired a commuter train service between downtown Detroit and Pontiac from the Grand Trunk Western Railroad. Due to declining ridership and a lack of funding, the commuter rail service was discontinued in October 1983.^{[ citation needed ]}

In 1979, SEMTA approved a regional transit plan, which included improved bus service and new rail transit, but the plan was never implemented due to lack of funds. ^[3] The last commuter rail service was a former Penn Central route, named the Michigan Executive, that ran from the Michigan Central Depot in Detroit to Jackson. Its final operator was Amtrak, as funded by the State of Michigan. The already pared down Executive service ended in 1984.^{[ citation needed ]}

Beginning in 1983, SEMTA oversaw the construction of the Detroit People Mover, which was conceived as part of a much larger project of light rail lines and a downtown subway. Mismanagement of the project resulted in tens of millions of dollars in cost overruns, causing the federal government to pull out of the project. In 1985, with the half-built project in limbo, the city of Detroit negotiated with SEMTA to take over the project, and it was transferred to the newly created Detroit Transportation Corporation. ^[5]

1989–2009: Reorganization as SMART, opt-out system

Logo used from 1989 to 2022, still extant on most vehicles

With little interest in the suburbs for expanding mass transit and Detroit not interested in joining the system, SEMTA was restructured as SMART in 1989, reducing the authority's service area from seven counties to four and excluding the city of Detroit. ^[3] Mike Duggan, then Wayne County's deputy county executive and vice chair of SMART's board of directors, was named the agency's general manager in February 1992. ^[6]

The first millages to fund SMART passed by wide margins in Macomb and Wayne counties in May 1995, ^{[7] [8]} followed by a similar millage in Oakland County the following June. ^[9] While the Macomb millage was levied countywide, the millages in Wayne and Oakland were only voted upon by communities whose councils opted to participate. Other communities chose to leave SMART to avoid the new property tax, setting up the "opt-out" system that remained in place for much of SMART's history. ^[8]

In October 1994, SMART introduced Job Express, a shuttle service (similar to microtransit) which transported workers from SMART hubs to nearby workplaces. The service was offered in three areas, extending one mile each from the Royal Oak Transit Center, Fairlane Town Center, and Macomb Mall. ^[10] Initial plans called for up to fifteen such service zones, though only two were added (one spurring from Lakeside Mall, and another serving Somerset Collection), and the Macomb Mall area was expanded to cover much of Groesbeck Highway. ^[11]

Livonia opted out of SMART in 2005, as the first, and so far only, community to leave the system since 1995. ^{[12] [13]} Walled Lake rejoined the following year. ^{[2] [14]}

In order to prevent possible service cuts, SMART raised its fares by $0.50 on December 1, 2009; there was also a $0.50 charge added to regional monthly pass users and DDOT transfers. ^[15]

2011–2017: Service cuts

In October 2011, SMART discontinued 22% of its scheduled service and laid off 123 employees. This was widely attributed to declining property values (following the Great Recession) which led to reduced property tax revenue, and the inability of the authority to reach an agreement with its unions. ^[3]

In January 2012, the Farmington City Council voted 4-1 to opt out of SMART, though they unanimously reversed their decision two weeks later. Meanwhile, neighboring Farmington Hills narrowly voted to remain in the system. ^[16]

Lathrup Village, which had opted out of SMART in 1995, rejoined the system in 2014. ^[17]

2018–2022: Expansion, integration, and rebranding

On January 1, 2018, SMART began operating three high frequency, limited-stop FAST bus services, connecting downtown Detroit to suburban communities with frequent service. ^[18] FAST represented the first major expansion of the system since the 2011 service cuts.

In May 2019, SMART and DDOT unified their fare structures and introduced Dart, a common fare payment system, with regional passes and mobile ticketing. ^{[19] [20]} The QLINE joined Dart the following October. ^[21]

In March 2021, SMART began offering Flex, a microtransit service, operated by Via Transportation under contract. Flex was initially offered in three small zones within SMART's service area, with one covering Dearborn and most of Taylor alongside portions of surrounding communities, another serving portions of Troy and surrounding cities, and the third serving communities along M-59 in Macomb County. Two more zones were added in August 2021 and May 2022, covering Auburn Hills and Pontiac, and Farmington and Farmington Hills, respectively. ^[22]

In February 2022, the Auburn Hills City Council voted 5-2 to opt out of SMART. ^{[23] [24]} The city's exit was blocked by a judge in May, however, and Auburn Hills remained a member until the opt-out system's abolition in 2023. ^[25] Macomb Township's board of trustees similarly passed a resolution in March expressing interest in opting out of SMART services. ^[26]

2022–present: Rebranding and Oakland County expansion

2022 saw a renewed push for a countywide expansion of SMART in Oakland County, ahead of the scheduled millage renewal that August. The Oakland County Board of Commissioners proposed replacing the existing SMART millage with a new ten-year .95 millage, levied on all homes in the county, not just in existing member communities. ^[27] Approved by voters in November 2022, ^[28] the millage abolished opt-out system in Oakland County, allowing for the expansion of SMART services to the far reaches of Metro Detroit. ^{[27] [29]} Work is underway for new routes to begin operations in 2023. ^[30]

SMART unveiled a new logo and branding in August 2022, coinciding with a new advertising campaign. ^[31] The following month, SMART introduced their first electric bus, one of four Proterra ZX5 units purchased by the agency with a Federal Transit Administration grant. ^{[32] [13]}

In February 2023, the original Dart payment app was discontinued, as its creator, Passport, exited the transit payments market. Mobile Dart passes were moved to the Token Transit app. ^{[20] [33]}

Millage and opt-out system

Since 1995, SMART has been funded in large part by a millage, ^[8] renewed by voters in member communities in midterm election years through 2022. The millage has historically been approved by wide margins in every member community in Oakland and Wayne counties, though less so in Macomb County, passing there by a narrow margin of 39 votes in 2018. ^[34] The millage was extended from four to five years in Wayne and Macomb counties, and to ten years in Oakland County, beginning in 2022.

SMART is notable among US transit systems for the ability of individual communities to "opt out" of the system. Opted-out communities are not subject to the taxes levied by the SMART millage, but as a result do not receive SMART's services. Some of these communities are members of smaller transit agencies providing paratransit services for seniors and disabled residents, but lack scheduled fixed-route bus service.

17 communities in Wayne County currently opt out of SMART service, of which all but one (Livonia) opted out with the first millage in 1995. ^[12] Detroit is one such community, as its own DDOT provides fixed-route bus service to the city, though it is served by SMART's FAST limited-stop routes, as well as other routes during peak hours.

Communities in Macomb County and Oakland County are not able to opt out of SMART, as their millages have been levied countywide since 1995 and 2023, respectively. Four Oakland County communities opted out in 1995 but later rejoined: Bloomfield Township and West Bloomfield (both 1996), Walled Lake (2006), ^[14] and Lathrup Village (2014). ^[17] The 34 remaining opted-out Oakland County communities were added to the system in 2023. ^[35]

2022 changes & Oakland County expansion

In 2022, the SMART millage in Macomb and Wayne counties was extended to five years, and moved to the November general election ballot. ^{[36] [37]} Both were approved by wide margins. ^[28]

In Oakland County, the SMART millage was replaced with a ten-year countywide public transit millage, which abolished the opt-out system in Oakland County, and funds three smaller paratransit providers (the North Oakland Transportation Authority, Western Oakland Transportation Authority, and Older Persons' Commission) alongside SMART. ^{[27] [29]} The county's Board of Commissioners approved the new millage proposal on August 10, 2022 in a bipartisan vote, with two Republicans joining all 13 Democrats on the board. ^[29] The proposal appeared on the November 2022 general election ballot in all Oakland County communities, and passed with 57% of the vote. ^{[28] [35]} As a result, SMART's service area expanded to all of Oakland County on January 3, 2023, though new services in portions of the county (Novi, Bloomfield Hills, and Wixom) did not begin operation until September 2023, with initialization of further services in 2024. ^[30]

Wayne County member communities

• Allen Park
• Dearborn
• Dearborn Heights
• Ecorse
• Garden City
• Grosse Pointe
• Grosse Pointe Farms
• Grosse Pointe Park
• Grosse Pointe Shores
• Grosse Pointe Woods
• Hamtramck
• Harper Woods
• Highland Park
• Inkster
• Lincoln Park
• Melvindale
• Redford
• River Rouge
• Riverview
• Romulus
• Southgate
• Taylor
• Trenton
• Wayne
• Westland
• Wyandotte

Services

Fixed-route buses

SMART is the primary public transit operator serving Detroit's suburbs, and fixed-route bus services comprise the majority of its service. 44 routes of various types operate across SMART's three-county service area.

FAST

New Flyer XD60 on FAST Woodward

Frequent Affordable Safe Transit (FAST) is SMART's flagship service; its limited-stop bus routes serve as the main arteries of the network, connecting the suburbs with downtown Detroit. Five FAST routes currently operate along three major Metro Detroit avenues - Gratiot, Michigan, and Woodward - with service every 30 minutes on weekdays, and stops roughly every mile for most of their length. ^[18]

Route Name	#	Termini		Length	Headway (minutes)			Terminal	Notes
					Mon-Fri	Sat	Sun
FAST Michigan	261	Spirit Plaza	Detroit Metro Airport	22.1 miles (35.6 km)	30	60	60	Wayne
FAST Woodward	461		Troy Civic Center Park & Ride	24.0 miles (38.6 km)	60	60	60–110	Oakland	Concurrent from Birmingham south, with service every 30 minutes combined; local stops in Pontiac on 462
	462		Great Lakes Crossing/Auburn Mile	32.5 miles (52.3 km)	60	60	120
FAST Gratiot	563		23 Mile Road	27.0 miles (43.5 km)	30	30	60	Macomb
	562	Wayne State University	Harrison Township	24.1 miles (38.8 km)	2 trips daily	-	-		Weekday rush hour only; concurrent with 563 from Warren Avenue to Mt. Clemens

Local routes

SMART's 32 local routes serve as the main public transit connection between Detroit's suburbs. ^[2] Each is classified as either a high-ridership "main corridor" route, a long-distance "crosstown" route, or a "community" route focused on serving denser areas. Almost all connect to FAST, for simple connections to downtown Detroit. Most local routes run hourly, though a few are more frequent. ^[38]

#	Route Name	Termini		Length	Headway (minutes)			Terminal	Notes
					Mon-Fri	Sat	Sun
125	Fort Street/Eureka Road	River Rouge W Jefferson Avenue + Coolidge Highway	Detroit Metro Airport	22.1 miles (35.6 km)	30	60	60	Wayne
140	Southshore	Dearborn Dearborn Transit Center	Southgate Meijer	16.8 miles (27.0 km)	60	-	-		Interlined with 250
160	Downriver		Trenton West Road + Grange Road	26.4 miles (42.5 km)	60	60	-		Select runs divert via Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge
200	Michigan Avenue Local	Dearborn Fairlane Town Center	Wayne Michigan Avenue + John Hix Road	11.4 miles (18.3 km)	90	120	120		Concurrent from Wayne Rd east Select trips start and end at Michigan + Schaefer
210			Westland Meijer	16.8 miles (27.0 km)	90	120	120
250	Ford Road	Dearborn Dearborn Transit Center	Westland Meijer	14.4 miles (23.2 km)	60	-	-		Interlined with 140
275	Telegraph -Taylor/Tel-Twelve	Southfield 12 Mile Road + Telegraph Road	Taylor Meijer	27.4 miles (44.1 km)	40–60	60	-		Overlaps with 275 from 7 Mile to 12 Mile
280	Western Wayne Crosstown	Detroit Meijer Old Redford	Detroit Metro Airport	23.0 miles (37.0 km)	60	75	75		Only services Evans Terminal at Metro Airport
305	Grand River		Wixom Meijer	16.1 miles (25.9 km)	60	60	60
375	Telegraph -Old Redford/Pontiac		Pontiac Amazon Pontiac	24.4 miles (39.3 km)	60	60	-	Oakland	Overlaps with 375 from 7 Mile to 12 Mile
400	Southfield/Orchard Ridge	Southfield Northland	West Bloomfield Henry Ford West Bloomfield Hospital	21.1 miles (34.0 km)	60	-	-		Alternatively signed as "Civic Center Dr-11 Mile" Interlined with 405
405	Northwestern Highway	Detroit State Fair Transit Center		21.4 miles (34.4 km)	60	60	-		Interlined with 400 on weekdays
415	Greenfield	Southfield Northland	Royal Oak Meijer Royal Oak	8.7 miles (14.0 km)	70	70	45		Interlined on weekdays and Saturdays
420	Southfield			9.1 miles (14.6 km)	70	70	-
430	Main Street-Big Beaver	Detroit State Fair Transit Center	Troy Crooks Road + Corporate Drive	16.7 miles (26.9 km)	60	-	-		One trip daily in each direction serves Royal Oak High School and Royal Oak Middle School
450	Woodward Local - Pontiac		Pontiac Phoenix Center	16.9 miles (27.2 km)	60	60	120		Concurrent from State Fair TC to 10 Mile, and from 11 Mile to Maple; 460 diverts from Woodward to service downtown Royal Oak
460	Woodward Local - Somerset		Troy Somerset Collection	11.8 miles (19.0 km)	60	60	120
494	Dequindre		Sterling Heights Beaumont Hospital-Troy	15.1 miles (24.3 km)	60	60	-
495	John R		Troy Oakland Mall	8.7 miles (14.0 km)	30	45	45
510	Van Dyke	Detroit Bel Air Shopping Center	Sterling Heights Lakeside Mall	15.8 miles (25.4 km)	20–30	30	60	Macomb	Trips alternate between northern termini
			Shelby Township Walmart	19.2 miles (30.9 km)
525	Groesbeck		Clinton Township Meijer, Groesbeck Highway	18.3 miles (29.5 km)	60	-	-
550	Garfield	Roseville Macomb Mall	Sterling Heights Lakeside Mall	12.0 miles (19.3 km)	60	-	-		Interlined with 615
560	Gratiot Local	Eastpointe Gratiot + 8 Mile	Chesterfield Gratiot + 23 Mile	17.1 miles (27.5 km)	15–20	30	60
610	Kercheval-Harper	Grosse Pointe Park Jefferson Avenue + Alter Road	Clinton Township 15 Mile + Gratiot	17.0 miles (27.4 km)	60	60	65
615	Jefferson	Grosse Pointe Farms Moross Road + Mack Avenue	Roseville Macomb Mall	11.0 miles (17.7 km)	60	-	-		Interlined with 550
710	9 Mile Crosstown	St. Clair Shores 9 Mile + Jefferson	Southfield 9 Mile + Telegraph	20.7 miles (33.3 km)	45	60	90	Oakland/Macomb	First eastbound trip daily starts at 9 Mile + Woodward No Sunday service west of Lodge Freeway (truncated to 10 Mile + Evergreen)
730	10 Mile Crosstown	Grosse Pointe Farms Moross Road + Mack Avenue	Southfield 10 Mile + Telegraph	28.9 miles (46.5 km)	60	60	-		First two trips daily start, and last two end, at Royal Oak Transit Center
740	12 Mile Crosstown	Roseville 13 Mile + Little Mack Avenue	Wixom Meijer	41.9 miles (67.4 km)	60	60	60		Select trips start and end at intermediate stops No Sunday service west of Woodward Avenue (truncated to Detroit Zoo)
760	13 Mile/14 Mile Crosstown		Southfield 12 Mile + Telegraph	26.4 miles (42.5 km)	60	-	-		Last westbound trip daily ends at Oakland Mall
780	15 Mile Crosstown	Clinton Township 15 Mile + Gratiot Avenue	West Bloomfield Maple Road + Orchard Lake Road	28.3 miles (45.5 km)	60	60	-		Last 3 westbound trips daily end at Somerset Collection
790	Pontiac Crosstown	Pontiac Columbia Avenue + Baldwin Avenue	Auburn Hills Oakland University	16.9 miles (27.2 km)	60	60	60	Oakland	Select trips divert via Oakland County Courthouse
796	Perry-Opdyke	Pontiac Phoenix Center	Pontiac Centerpoint Marriott	12.2 miles (19.6 km)	60	-	-

Commuter routes

In addition to FAST and local routes, SMART operates seven commuter express routes between Downtown Detroit and the suburbs during weekday rush hours. They run toward Detroit in the morning, and toward the suburbs in the afternoon; all seven follow roughly the same path through Downtown Detroit, serving Spirit Plaza and the Rosa Parks Transit Center. ^[2]

Routes 255, 530, 620, and 635 run primarily on local roads, twice daily, while routes in the 800-series run primarily on freeways, three times daily. A 50¢ surcharge applies to all fares and passes when riding 800-series routes.

#	Route Name	Suburban terminus	Length	Daily trips	Terminal	Notes
255	Ford Road Express	Westland Westland Police Department	20.1 miles (32.3 km)	2	Wayne	Signed only as "Express" on headsign
530	Schoenherr	Sterling Heights Lakeside Mall	23.4 miles (37.7 km)	2	Macomb
620	Charlevoix	Roseville Macomb Mall	20.4 miles (32.8 km)	2
635	Jefferson Express	Harrison Township Crocker Boulevard + Metro Parkway	23.4 miles (37.7 km)	2
805	Grand River Park & Ride	Novi 12 Mile Road + Novi Road	35.9 miles (57.8 km)	3	Wayne	Concurrent with 305 from downtown Farmington to Novi Road
830	Downriver Park & Ride	Trenton West Road + Grange Road	22.8 miles (36.7 km)	3		Concurrent with 160 from I-75 to Northline, and from Eureka to southern terminus
851	West Bloomfield-Farmington Hills Park & Ride	West Bloomfield Orchard Lake Road + Lone Pine Road	33.6 miles (54.1 km)	3	Oakland	Breaks from freeway route to serve intermediate stops in Midtown Detroit and Southfield

Fares

SMART and DDOT share a unified fare structure, known as Dart, with most of their passes accepted by both agencies. ^{[19] [21]} A four-hour pass (the equivalent of a single bus ride) costs US$2 for most riders, with a reduced fare of 50¢ for riders aged 6–18 or over 64, as well as disabled riders. Daily, weekly, and monthly passes are also available, either as physical tickets, or digital passes through the Token Transit app. ^[39]

Current bus fleet

Fixed routes are operated with a fleet of 262 buses, consisting mostly of biodiesel-powered 40-foot Gillig BRT units, as well as some articulated New Flyer Xcelsior and battery-electric Proterra ZX5 buses. Three terminals, one in each county of the service area, store and maintain the fleet. ^[13]

Fleet #	Year	Make	Model	Length	Seating Capacity	Propulsion	Engine
3003–3005	2011	Gillig	BRT	40'	38	Diesel-electric hybrid	Cummins ISB6.7
3006–3008	2013
3009–3018	2014
3019–3020	2014					Diesel	Cummins ISL9
3601–3659	2016
3701–3780	2017						Cummins L9
3801–3840	2018
3901–3938	2019
4001–4023	2020	New Flyer	XD60	60.8'	60	Diesel	Cummins L9
4024–4027	2021	Proterra	ZX5	40'	40	Battery electric	Proterra ProDrive

Most SMART vehicles' fleet numbers, including minibuses and support vehicles, correspond to their model year; the first two digits of the fleet number are the two-digit model year plus 20. For instance, vehicles 3746 and 37007 are both of the 2017 model year. ^[40]

Dial-a-ride and paratransit

Connector

Connector minibus

Connector is a dial-a-ride service available across the SMART service area, which requires a reservation made by telephone at least one day in advance. It is available to residents of all ages, provided they live more than 1/3 of a mile away from a fixed route, though the distance requirement is waived for seniors (65 or older) and disabled riders. ^[41]

Connector services are operated using a fleet of propane-powered Champion Challenger minibuses. ^[13]

Community Transit minibus operated by the City of Farmington Hills

Community Transit

Community Transit is a similar paratransit service, available only to seniors and disabled riders. Unlike Connector, which is operated directly by SMART, Community Transit is operated by the municipal governments of member communities, as well as some nonprofit organizations.

Community Transit is operated with a fleet of Champion and ElDorado minibuses, and Ford E-Series and Transit vans, painted white with red-and-orange stripes. ^[13]

Microtransit

Flex Chrysler Pacifica

Flex is an on-demand microtransit service, operated under contract by Via Transportation. ^{[42] [43]} The service operates similar to ridesharing; a passenger books a ride via telephone or through the Flex smartphone app, and a marked minivan picks them up and takes them to their destination. ^[44] Flex was launched in March 2021, and currently operates in five designated zones across the service area, covering all or part of 20 communities.

Flex vehicles are driven by independent contractors, referred to by Via as "driver partners." ^[45] The fleet used for Flex, owned by Avis Budget Group, ^[45] consists mostly of Chrysler Pacifica and Toyota Sienna minivans. Each vehicle seats three to five Flex passengers, and some are equipped to transport wheelchairs.

Flex fares are distance-based, ranging from $2 to $8, and paid through the Flex app with a major credit or debit card. Dart passes are also accepted on Flex.

Governance

SMART is headquartered in the Buhl Building in downtown Detroit. ^[46] It is governed by a seven-member Board of Directors, consisting of two members each from Wayne, Oakland and Macomb Counties, and one from Monroe County, appointed by their respective county executives. ^{[47] [44]}

Board of Directors members

Wayne County

• Abdul Haidous, Wayne County Commissioner (chairperson)
• Curtis Ivery, Chancellor, Wayne County Community College District

Oakland County

• Hilarie Chambers, Chief Deputy County Executive
• Bret Rasegan, Planning Manager

Macomb County

• John Paul Rea, Deputy County Executive (vice chairperson)
• (vacant seat)

Monroe County

• Royce Maniko, former Chief Finance Officer

Labor relations

The majority of SMART's workforce is unionized. Fixed-route bus drivers are represented by Amalgamated Transit Union Local 1564, ^[48] Connector drivers by Teamsters Local 247, mechanics by UAW Local 771, ^[49] and dispatchers and supervisors by AFSCME Local 1786. ^[50] The independent contractors employed by Via Transportation for SMART Flex are not unionized.

References

1. SMART names Dwight Ferrell as its new general manager, Mass Transit Magazine, published August 16, 2021
2. "System Map" (PDF). Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation. September 11, 2023.
3. "History of Regional Transit in Southeast Michigan". Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation. Archived from the original on August 4, 2012.
4. "Southeastern Michigan Transportation History Part II: The New Regional Transportation Authority Moves Forward". Detroit Transit History. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
5. Barron, James (November 23, 1984). "Flaws Slowing People Mover Project" . The New York Times . ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved July 17, 2022.
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9. "SMART Approval". Detroit Free Press . Knight Ridder. June 8, 1995. pp. 10A.
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16. "Farmington City Council Reverses Decision and Stays in SMART". WDIV . January 31, 2012. Retrieved October 3, 2022.
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18. Runyan, Robin (December 28, 2017). "Ride to the airport for $2.00 on new SMART bus service". Curbed Detroit. Retrieved May 28, 2022.
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20. "Detroit launches Dart app for mobile transit payments and passes, powered by Passport". Michigan Chronicle . September 9, 2019.
21. Lawrence, Eric D. (August 20, 2019). "QLINE to join DDOT, SMART unified payment system beginning in October". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved October 2, 2022.
22. "SMART Flex Service Has On Demand Transit in Pontiac, Auburn Hills, and Troy". Oakland County Times. December 21, 2021.
23. Laitner, Bill (February 22, 2022). "Auburn Hills council votes to drop SMART bus service". Detroit Free Press . Gannett.
24. Rowe, Corey. "Auburn Hills Transit: Call to Action". Rochester Riders.
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26. Tuttle, Nicole (March 12, 2022). "Macomb Township seeks to opt out of SMART". The Macomb Daily .
27. Lawrence, Eric D. (August 10, 2022). "Oakland County commissioners OK countywide transit millage for ballot". Detroit Free Press . Gannett.
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29. McNichol, Peg (August 12, 2022). "Oakland County voters will decide countywide transit millage". The Oakland Press . Retrieved October 3, 2022.
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31. "Board of Directors Meeting - August 25, 2022" (PDF). Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation. August 24, 2022.
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36. Lawrence, Eric D. (August 11, 2022). "Wayne County board OKs SMART millage for ballot in opt-in communities". Detroit Free Press . Gannett . Retrieved October 6, 2022.
37. Lawrence, Eric D. (July 14, 2022). "Macomb County voters will get to decide fate of SMART transit millage". Detroit Free Press . Gannett . Retrieved October 3, 2022.
38. "Schedules by Route". Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
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41. "Using Connector Service". www.smartbus.org. Retrieved May 28, 2022.
42. "SMART launches SMART Flex, Detroit's first on-demand transit service with Via". Via Transportation . March 28, 2021. Retrieved May 28, 2022.
43. Marini, Miriam (March 24, 2021). "SMART's new van service will help riders with shorter trips". Detroit Free Press . Gannett . Retrieved May 28, 2022.
44. Vision for Mobility. Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation. 2022.
45. "Detroit First Day". Drive With Via. Retrieved March 24, 2023.
46. "Contact". Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation. Retrieved July 21, 2022.
47. "Board of Directors". Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation. Retrieved July 21, 2022.
48. Lawrence, Eric D. "Pay, scheduling causes widespread SMART, DDOT driver shortage, missed routes". Detroit Free Press. Gannett . Retrieved April 16, 2023.
49. "UAW Local 771". Union Facts. Retrieved September 22, 2023.
50. "SMART Facts & History". Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation. Retrieved May 4, 2023.

External links

• Michigan portal
• Transportation portal

• SMART website
• Transportation Riders United